Geological Potential and Mining in Perú

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Henry Luna Cordova Eng.
MINING CADASTRE DIRECTOR
Henry Luna Córdova “Minería Sostenible en el Perú”
Geological Mining and Metallurgical Institute Diciembre 2011

Mineral Resources in Peru

Presentation
Mineral resources
Basic Geology for mineral exploration
Cadastral Information System Online
Production and Mineral Reserves

Henry Luna Córdova “Geological Potential and Mining in Perú” China Mining 2012


Mining as agriculture
and fishing is an ancient
activity that develops
from pre-Incan culture,
Inca, Colonial and
Republican.

It is part of our customs
and cultural and
religious rites.



The soil and subsoil of our territory
characterized by a variety of natural resources:
minerals, hydrocarbons (oil and gas) and water
(oceans, lakes, rivers, streams). These three life
and generate resources for the human species
being, flora and fauna

Natural Resources in the Oro
Talco
subsurface minerals, oil, Fosfatos Yeso
Agua Zinc
gas and water Cobre
Petróleo Gas



The INGEMMET is responsible for the investigation of the wide range of
mineral resources located in our homeland

The exploration, exploitation, processing of minerals and closure of mining
operations in charge of mining companies in the private sector

The Peru stands out in the world for the variety of metal ores, non-metallic, coal and
radioactive
W Norte y centro del Perú E W Sur Perú E
Gpo. Barroso
Cuaternario Fm. Corrientes

Fm. Marañón Volc. Sencca
Plioceno Fm. Lavasen Bat. Cord. Blanca
x x Fm. Pebas Fm. Moquegua Sup. Fm. Huaylillas x
Mioceno Volc. Huambos x x x x x
x x Fm. Moquegua Inf. x
Gpo. Tacaza
x
Oligoceno Gpo. Pozo Bat. Abancay
x
x
Eoceno Gpo. Calipuy Gpo. Hua- Fm. Paracas
Gpo. Puno
Bat. de la
Costa yabamba Gpo. Toquepala
Paleoceno
Fm. Chota Fm. Cachiyiacu x xxx x Fm. Muñani
Fm. Casapalca Bat.xde lax x x
x x Costa x
Fm. Vivian Fm. Vilquechico
Cretácico Fm. Celendín
xx Gpo. Cotacucho
superior Fm. Jumasha Fm. Chonta xx
Fm. Cajamarca xx
FASE MOCHICA Fm. Agua x Gpo. Moho
Gpo. Casma Fms. Inca, Chulec, Pariatambo; Crisnejas Caliente Fm. Arcurquina Fm. Ferrobamba
Cretácico
Gpo. Goyllarisquizga Fm. Copara Fm. Murco Fm. Huancané
inferior Gpo. Morro Solar Gpo. Oriente
Fm. Muni
Fm. Chicama Fm. Jaguay Fm. Sipín
Gpo. Pte. Piedra
Malm Fm. Sarayaquillo Fm. Guaneros Gpo. Yura
Fm. Río Grande Gpo. Lagunillas
Fm. Boquerón
Dogger Fm. Chunumayo x Bat. de Ilo Fm. So-
Fm. Cercapuquio
cosani
Lias Fm. Pelado
Fm. Chocolate
Gpo. Zaña Gpo. Pucará
Triásico sup. Gpo. Yamayo



Volcanogenic massive
sulfide (VMS)



Porphyry Cu-Mo

La Granja

Toromocho Veins with argillic alteration

Los Chancas

Cerro Verde
Cuajone Veinlets Disseminated Gaps
Toquepala


Porphyry Cu-Au
Cañariaco
Cerro Corona
Minas Conga
Michiquillay
La Arena

Veins with argillic alteration

Veinlets Disseminated Gaps



Skarn Cu-Au

Chalcopyrite skarn

Magistral

Antamina

Cobriza
Las Bambas
Tintaya

Pyroxene skarn



Epithermal

La Zanja
Tantahuatay
Yanacocha
Alto Chicama
Pierina Veinlets in vuggy
Quicay andesites silica

Antapite Santa Rosa

Orcopampa
Veinlets and breccias


Tambogrande Volcanogenic massive sulphide

Perubar

Cerro Lindo



BASE METALS MOUNTAIN RANGE
Bongará

MISSISSIPPI VALLEY (MVT)

Milpo
Colquijirca San Vicente
Cerro de Pasco



IOCG

OROGENIC GOLD
Pataz

Ananea
Marcona

Mina Justa



U
URANIUM
R
A
NI
O

Crucero
Putina
Macusani - Corani
Azangaro
Ocuviri Ayaviri Uranium
Study
Area


Metal Mining Potential

... We are recognized around the world by our
metal mineral proven and probable reserves

Peru is one of the countries with
the largest reserves of silver,
copper, zinc, lead, tin and gold in
the world.

Metal World % World
Rank reserves

COPPER
GOLD

SILVER

ZINC
LEAD

TIN

Source: U.S.Geological Survey-USGS – Report 2012



For the development of the activities Geological,
Mining and Metallurgical INGEMMET cartographic
base used as the National Charter and the National
Geodetic Network by IGN - National Geographic
Institute also uses the Territorial Demarcation
developed by the National Institute of Statistics
and Informatics - INEI



National
Geological

501 quads
Scale 1/100, 000
Geological Bulletin 136

Maps that describe the rocks with
their composition and geological
age; structures such as faults,
fractures, folds and minerals of
economic value, including


Database of Economic Geology
• Collection of samples classified by origin
and type of deposits.

• Sample file with gross and microscopic
photographs, XRD and PIMA



Classification of metal
tanks
Tambogrande (165-104 Ma)

Yanacocha (12-10 Ma)
Metas
Poderosa (286 Ma) Au
Alto Chicama 17 Ma
Ag
Antamina (10 Ma) Cu
Pierina (15-14 Ma)
Cº Pasco (12-11 Ma) Zn
Pb
Condestable (115 Ma) Cobriza (263 Ma) Fe
San Rafael (23 Ma)
Sn
W
Tintaya (42-33 Ma)
Mo
Marcona (154-160 Ma)

Aruntani (6 Ma)
Cuajone (53 Ma)



Research Bulletins
Bulletins Mineral Resources Research



Rocks and Minerals Program Industrial

Nonmetallic materials are
investigated, reservoirs, distribution,
properties, uses and marketing

Limestone, silica, gypsum, clay,
barite, sulfur, borates, salts,
fluorite, talc, pyrophyllite, mica,
dolomite, silica, phosphates.


Bulletins Mineral Resources Research



Geochemical Prospecting Program

We investigate the
abundance, distribution
and migration of
chemical elements to
detect metal deposits
and establish
environmental baselines.



Newsletters Geochemical Prospecting Research



Technical Assistance Program for Small Scale Mining

We investigate the
characteristics of
small-scale mining

Provide technical
assistance to
promote the
formalization of
artisanal mining.



Technical Assistance Program for Small Scale Mining



Information System

Preliminary Title of the Mining
General Law Establishes :

" The State evaluates and
preserves natural resources, by
developing a Basic Information
System for fostering investment "



As a result of the integration of
the “National Mining Cadastre”
with other sectors, the
“Cadastre of Restricted Areas
for Mining Activity”, and a
Mining Rights and Cadastre
System – SIDEMCAT, integrated
with the Regional Governments
have been created.

This system contains several
layers of information which are
available for the citizens and the
Regions benefit.



National Mining Cadastre



Integration of other sectors
Cadaster of Restricted Areas
for Mining Activities


Mining Activities in Peru

Mining Activity

Mining Concession is not
required but there are
some restrictions

Mining Concession,
Environmental Studies
and Permits are required
for surface and water use

No mining concession is
required. However, it is
necessary to verify the
legal origin of the
minerals to trade


Prospecting and mineral exploration
The INGEMMET provides basic geological
prospecting activities and mineral
prospecting conducted before applying for a
mining concession to identify the mineral
potential



Ordinary Mining Procedure for granting Mining
Concessions
Mining Concession Application
TECHNICAL TECHNICAL
OPINION OPINION

MINING PUBLICATION CONCESSION PUBLICATION REGISTRY
CONCESSION TITLE (LIST DE TITLES) (OPTIONAL/
OF NOTICE IN
APPLICATION 1 “ EL PERUANO” 3 TITLE
AND IN A LOCAL HOLDER))
NEWSPAPER

LEGAL LEGAL
OPINION 2 OPINION 4 5 6

1. 7 days to check the mining concession application and publication of notice.
2. 30 working days to publish and 60 calendar days to submit.
3. 30 days for these reports.
4. No less than 30 calendar days following the last publication.
5. The first 15 days of the next month.
6. When title has been admitted (within the 15 working days following the date of
publication)



Mining Concession Application

Social Responsability
Since applying for a mining concession,
title holder has to contribute to local
sustainable development, promoting
environmental and social excellence,
compliance with the agreements reached,
responsible relations, contributing to
employment and to local and/or regional
economic development, seeking
diversification of economic activities within
a framework of permanent and timely
dialogue in accordance with the relevant
regulations concerning public participation.
Supreme Decree N° 042-2003-EM , Art. 1º
Modified by Supreme Decree N° 052-2010-EM



Mining Rights System and Cadastre - SIDEMCAT

If the survey results are positive requesting
a mining concession


Mining Rights System and Cadastre - SIDEMCAT

Simplification of processes
and transparent public
access to cadastral
information and mining
rights VICUS GOLD

Digital Display

Digital File

161,297 digitized records
Equivalent to 11'100, 747 pages at
Digitization 29 October 2012

Mining record Currently files can be viewed via the
Internet


DATA
GEODATABASE

INFORMATION

Over 100
layers of
Information

500 sheets 100, k; 50k

Catastro
Regional
 Catastro Integrado
 Áreas Restringidas
 Geología y catastro


GEOLOGICAL RISKS
MINING
OPERATIONS
AND PROJECTS
ROCKS AND
MINERALS
INDUSTRIAL

GEOLOGY
AREAS
RESTRICTED TO
MINING

CADASTRE
MINING

IMAGE
SATELLITE

POLITICAL
ADMINISTRATIVE

INFORMATION
DEPARTMENTAL



After obtaining the mining
concession title and register in the
Public Registry, the owner mining
can proceed to start the
exploration exploitation and
processing: Permits for water use,
surface terrain, environmental
studies, among others.



Mining suit requires strict environmental legislation

EXPLORATION EXPLOITATION CLOSING
BENEFIT

• Environmental Impact • Environmental Impact • Mine Closure Plan
Statement Study
• Closure Plan for Mining
• EIA semidetailed • Program Environmental
Environmental
Compliance and Management
Liabilities


If the scan is positive and has
environmental clearance, you
can start the process to start
construction, operation, mineral
processing and progressive
closure of the mining project


Metallic Mineral Production


Copper Production


Copper projects

US$ 35,429 million
66.32% of the estimated
investment


Gold Production


Gold projects

US$ 6,923 million
12.96 % estimated
investment


Silver Production


Projects argentiferous

US$ 574 million
SAN LUIS Ancash Huánuco

RONDONI
1.07 % estimated
Junín

PALLANCA
investment
Cusco

CORANI
Ayacucho
CATANGA ESTE
INMACULADA
Puno

Arequipa
CHAQUELLE


Production of Iron


Iron Projects

U.S. $ 6,780 million
12.69% of the estimated
investment


Production of Zinc


Lead Production


Tin Production



The domestic
production of
molybdenum is in
charge of mining
large mining located
in Moquegua, Tacna,
Arequipa and
Ancash


Production of Tungsten (TMF)

Domestic production
of tungsten by Minera
Malaga Santolalla
SAC at its Pasto
Bueno mining unit,
located in Ancash,
grew by 13.07%, from
634 TMF in the year
2009-716 T.M.F. in
2010.


No Metal Production 2002-2011

Bayovar phosphate



Leadership in Metallic and nonmetallic ...

Peru
Position Mining Production - 2011

Mineral Latin America World

Zinc 1 3
Tin 1 3
Lead 1 4
Gold 1 6
Silver 2 2
Copper 2 2
Molybdenum 2 4
Mercury 2 4
Selenium 2 9
Cadmium 2 10
Phosphate Rock 2 13
Iron 5 17

Fuente: U.S.Geological Survey-USGS-, The Silver Institute; Gold Fields Minerals Services-GFMS-
International Copper Study Group -ICSG-; International Lead and Zinc Study Group-ILZSG-
International Tin Research Institute - ITRI-; International Molybdenum Association-IMOA-
Instituto Latinoamericano del Hierro y el Acero - ILAFA-


Geological Potential and Mining in Perú

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