Hemophilia is a genetic disease where males have excessive bleeding due to failures in blood clotting. Symptoms include prolonged bleeding after procedures like circumcision or vaccinations. Treatment involves regular injections of clotting factor replacements. Diabetes is caused by the body's inability to properly metabolize or respond to insulin, leading to excessive urination and thirst. It has both genetic and environmental causes. Sickle-cell anemia causes red blood cells to take on a sickle shape, which can block blood flow and lead to infection before age 20 if untreated. It predominantly affects those of African descent.

1. Genetic Diseases
5. Hemophilia
 Excessive bleeding due to failures in blood
clotting
 Usually occurs in males
 Problem with blood-clotting factors
 Some of the symptoms are:
Bleeding after receiving vaccination
Prolonged bleeding after circumcision
Prolonged bleeding after umbilical cord is cut

2. Hemophilia

3. Hemophilia
 Symptoms:
Bleeding into a joint/muscle that causes pain
and swelling
Abdominal bleeding after an injury/surgery
Easy bruising
Frequent nosebleeds
Blood in urine
Bleeding after dental work

4. Hemophilia
 Clotting-factor replacement therapy injected
on a regular basis or when needed

5. Genetic Diseases
6. Diabetes
 Inability to 1) metabolize sugar properly
2) deficiency of effective circulating
insulin
 Type 1/Insulin-Dependent: inability of the
pancreas to produce insulin
 Type 2/Non-Insulin-Dependent: inability of the
insulin to exert its normal physiological actions

6. Diabetes
 Symptoms:
Excessive urination, thirst, weight loss
 Both hereditary and environmental factors can
lead to its development and progression

7. Diabetes

8. Diabetes

9. Genetic Diseases
7. Sickle-Cell Anemia
 Red blood cells are long and curved like a
sickle
 Cannot pass through small capillaries, so
oxygen cannot reach all parts of the body
 Also block the passage way of white blood
cells
 May die from infection before the age of 20
 Common among African Americans

10. Sickle-Cell Anemia

11. Genetic Diseases
8. Huntington’s Disease
 Dominant gene found on chromosome 4
 Progressive degeneration of the nervous
system
 Nerve cells begin to deteriorate during middle
age
 Muscle spasms, depression, significant
changes in personality

12. Huntington’s Disease

13. Causes of Genetic Abnormalities
1. Mutation in the chemical structure of one or
more genes
2. Mutation brought about by environmental
hazards
e.g. toxic industrial waste, radiation