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GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
KING EDWARD MEDICAL UNIVERSITY LAHORE
B.Sc.(Hons.) DENTAL TECHNOLOGY
BATCH 2021-24
SUBMITED TO: DR. SHARMEEN
Learning objectives:
1. Definitions of terms used in pharmacology
2. Sources of drugs
3. Drug absorption
4. Membrane transporters
5. Distribution of drugs
6. Biotransformation of drugs
7. Drug excretion, elimination and clearance
8. Dose-effect relationship
9. Processes of pharmacokinetics
10. Mechanisms of drug action
11. Adverse drug reactions
12. Drug-drug interactions
WHAT IS PHARMACOLOGY?
●Pharma = Drugs
●Logos = Knowledge
“It is the science of drugs that deals with their actions on living system.”
It includes physical and chemical properties, biochemical and physiological
effects, mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of drugs.
WHAT IS DRUG?
“Any chemical that affects the
processes of a living organism.”
or
“Any substance that is used to
prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve
symptoms of a disease or abnormal
condition.”
DEFINITION OF TERMS USED IN
PHARMACOLOGY
PHARMACOLOGY Detailed study of drugs.
PHARMACOKINETICS Study of what the body does to the administered drug.
It includes:
 Absorption
 Distribution
 Metabolism
 Excretion
PHARMACODYNAMICS Study of what the administered drug does to the body.
It includes:
 Mechanism of action of drugs
 Pharmacological effects of the drug
 Clinical uses of the drugs
 Adverse effects of the drugs
PHARMACY Study of identification, selection preparation, compounding
and dispensing of medicines.
THERAPUTICS Art and science of treatment of disease.
Or
Study concerned with cure of disease or relief of symptoms.
TOXICOLOGY Study of undesirable effects of chemicals on living system
from individual cells to complex ecosystems and their
treatment.
CHEMOTHERAPY Study of effects of drugs on microorganisms and parasites,
living and multiplying in the living body without damage to
the host cells.
It includes:
 Anti-microbial drugs
 Anti-mycobacterial drugs
 Anti-viral drugs
 Anti-fungal drugs
 Anti- protozoal drugs
PHARMACOGNOSY Study of identification of drugs from natural sources.
POSOLOGY Study of doses of drugs.
SOURCES OF DRUGS
SOURCES DRUGS
PLANTS
i. Alkaloids
ii. Glycosides
Morphine, Atropine, Quinine, Reserpine, Ephedrine
Digoxin, Digitoxin
ANIMALS Insulin, Heparin
MINERALS Magnesium sulphate, Ferrous sulphate
MICROORGANI
SMS
Penicillin, Streptomycin, Grisiofulvin
SYNTHETIC Aspirin, Paracetamol, Sulphonamide
SEMI-
SYNTHETIC
Hydromorphone, Hydrocodone, Amoxicillin, Doxycycline
BIO-SYNTHETIC Human insulin, Human growth hormone, Hepatitis B vaccine

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GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY PPT..pptx

  • 1. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY KING EDWARD MEDICAL UNIVERSITY LAHORE B.Sc.(Hons.) DENTAL TECHNOLOGY BATCH 2021-24 SUBMITED TO: DR. SHARMEEN
  • 2. Learning objectives: 1. Definitions of terms used in pharmacology 2. Sources of drugs 3. Drug absorption 4. Membrane transporters 5. Distribution of drugs 6. Biotransformation of drugs 7. Drug excretion, elimination and clearance 8. Dose-effect relationship 9. Processes of pharmacokinetics 10. Mechanisms of drug action 11. Adverse drug reactions 12. Drug-drug interactions
  • 3. WHAT IS PHARMACOLOGY? ●Pharma = Drugs ●Logos = Knowledge “It is the science of drugs that deals with their actions on living system.” It includes physical and chemical properties, biochemical and physiological effects, mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of drugs.
  • 4. WHAT IS DRUG? “Any chemical that affects the processes of a living organism.” or “Any substance that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition.”
  • 5. DEFINITION OF TERMS USED IN PHARMACOLOGY
  • 6. PHARMACOLOGY Detailed study of drugs. PHARMACOKINETICS Study of what the body does to the administered drug. It includes:  Absorption  Distribution  Metabolism  Excretion PHARMACODYNAMICS Study of what the administered drug does to the body. It includes:  Mechanism of action of drugs  Pharmacological effects of the drug  Clinical uses of the drugs  Adverse effects of the drugs
  • 7. PHARMACY Study of identification, selection preparation, compounding and dispensing of medicines. THERAPUTICS Art and science of treatment of disease. Or Study concerned with cure of disease or relief of symptoms. TOXICOLOGY Study of undesirable effects of chemicals on living system from individual cells to complex ecosystems and their treatment.
  • 8. CHEMOTHERAPY Study of effects of drugs on microorganisms and parasites, living and multiplying in the living body without damage to the host cells. It includes:  Anti-microbial drugs  Anti-mycobacterial drugs  Anti-viral drugs  Anti-fungal drugs  Anti- protozoal drugs PHARMACOGNOSY Study of identification of drugs from natural sources. POSOLOGY Study of doses of drugs.
  • 10. SOURCES DRUGS PLANTS i. Alkaloids ii. Glycosides Morphine, Atropine, Quinine, Reserpine, Ephedrine Digoxin, Digitoxin ANIMALS Insulin, Heparin MINERALS Magnesium sulphate, Ferrous sulphate MICROORGANI SMS Penicillin, Streptomycin, Grisiofulvin SYNTHETIC Aspirin, Paracetamol, Sulphonamide SEMI- SYNTHETIC Hydromorphone, Hydrocodone, Amoxicillin, Doxycycline BIO-SYNTHETIC Human insulin, Human growth hormone, Hepatitis B vaccine