This certificate certifies that Mr/Miss [name] has completed the term work satisfactorily in Pharmacology for the academic year 20[xx] to 20[xx] as a second year student pursuing a Diploma in Pharmacy from SHRI SANGAMESHWAR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY SINDAGI with Register Number [number]. The certificate is signed by the Subject Teacher and Principal.

1. Certificate
This is certified that Mr/Miss ……………………………… being a
Register No………… of second year Diploma in Pharmacy from SHRI
SANGAMESHWAR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY SINDAGI has
completed the term work satisfactorily in Pharmacology (ER20-21P)
for academic year 20.…..To 20…… as prescribed in curriculum.
Place:
Date:
Subject Teacher Principal

2. Sl. No Name of the Experiments Page No. Date of Expt Sign
1. Introduction to Experimental Pharmacology
2. To study the laboratory Animals
3. To study commonly used instruments in
Experimental Pharmacology
4. To study the different routs of drug
administration in Experimental animals by using
a Rats and Mice’s
5. To study types of preclinical experiments in-vivo,
in-vitro & Ex-vivo
6. To study the common laboratory technique used
for blood collection from laboratory animals
7. To study the local anesthetic effect on rabbit eye
8. To study the mydriatic effect on rabbit eye
9. To study the miotic effect on rabbit eye
10. To study the effect of analgesic using
analgesiometer
11. To study the analgesic activity by writing test
12. To study of anticonvulsant activity by using
Electro-convolsiometer
13. To study the screening of muscle relaxant activity
by using Rota-Rod apparatus
14. To study CNS stimulant and depressant using
actor-photometer
15. To study anxiolytic activity using elevated plus
maze method
16. To study of effect of drugs on isolated heart
preparation
17. To study the effect on ciliary motility on frogs
buccal cavity
18. To study pyrogen testing using rabbit method

3. PHARMACOLOGY Expt. Date .
Shri Sangameshwar College of Pharmacy Sindagi – 586128 Page 3
EXPERIMENT NO.I
INTRODUCTION TO EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY
Purpose of the experimental practical is to:
1) Study about experimental Pharmacology
2) Study about past, present and future scope of pharmacology.
3) Study and use of experimental pharmacology in drug discovery and development.
It involves following terms:
Pharmacology: The pharmacology term are comes from two greek words pharmacon-drug or
medicine and logos- the truth about or a rational discussion. It is a science of drug. It deals with
interaction of exogenously administered chemical molecules (drug) with living system. It covers
information about the history, source, physicochemical properties, and physiological actions,
mechanism of drug action, absorption of drug, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drug
Pharmacodynamics: The term comes from Greek word: dynamics-Power. Itis the study of drug
effects, which includes physiological and biochemical effects of drugs and their mechanisms of
action at any organ/system. Such as adrenaline B1 receptors in heart, that is a G-protein coupled
receptor, which stimulates adenyl cyclase and increase intracellular CAMP which leads top
cardiac stimulation.
Pharmacokinetics: The pharmacokinetics term comes from the Greek word: kinesis-movement.
Pharmacokinetics is movement of drug in and alteration of drugs by the body. It is the qualitative
study of drug movement includes absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of
the drug Eg. Digoxin is 70% absorbed orally, 25% bound to plasma proteins, localized in heart,
skeletal muscle, liver and kidney.
Pharmacotherapeutics: It is the overall knowledge of pharmacological information for
prevention of disease, mitigation or cure is known as Pharmacotherapeutics. It also includes
selection of the most appropriate drug, dosage and duration of the treatment for the specific
features of a patient.

4. PHARMACOLOGY Expt. Date .
Shri Sangameshwar College of Pharmacy Sindagi – 586128 Page 4
Toxicology: It is the study of poisonous effect of drugs and other chemicals with emphasis on
detection, prevention and treatment of poisonings. It also includes the study of adverse of drugs.
Chemotherapy: It is the treatment of systemic infection or malignancy with specific drug
toxicity for the Infecting organism or malignant cell having effect on host cells
Clinical pharmacology: It is the scientific study of drugs in human; It includes
pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics investigation in healthy volunteers and in patients, for
evaluation efficacy and safety of drugs
Pre-clinical Pharmacology: It is the scientific study which involves laboratory animals like t
and mice using wide-ranging doses of the study drug to obtain preliminary efficacy, toxicity
pharmacokinetic information.
Pharmacokinetics: It is the branch of science deals with study of genetic sequence and genetic
variation that change drug metabolism and drug response Pharmacokinetics mainly focused on
hereditary disease or drug reaction.
Pharmacoepidemiology: It is the study of drug effects at the population level. It is deals with
the variability of drug effects between individuals in a population, and between populations.
Pharmacovigilance: This is a science and activities related to the detection, assessment
understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other related problems. This mainly
focused on adverse drug reactions.
Types of experimental pharmacology:
The sequential testing is involved in pharmacological screening of new chemical compound or
extracts from biological materials from isolated organs by means of tests in whole animals.
Mostly rats and mice but also used higher animals if needed.
The main aim of experimental pharmacology are development of new drugs, discovery of new
drug, study of the mechanism and site of action of different drugs and study of the toxicity and
effects of the drugs
Experimental pharmacology involved Pre-clinical study and clinical study