Dr Brigitte Bagnol is a researcher associated with the International Rural Poultry Centre (IRPC), KYEEMA Foundation, Australia and part of the AIFSC project 'Strengthening food security through family poultry and crop integration'. Her presentation looks at the gender dimensions of this work.
Metrics and sustainable diets was the focus of a presentation by Thomas Allen of Bioversity International delivered at the Joint Conference on Sustainable Diet and Food Security co-organized by the Belgian Nutrition Society, The Nutrition Society and Société Française de Nutrition on 28 and 29 May 2013 in Lille, France under the auspices of the Federation of European Nutrition Societies, a conference on Sustainable Diet and Food Security. : A system approach to assessing Sustainable Diets. Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
Forests, biodiversity and food securityCIFOR-ICRAF
The world faces many challenges in attempting to achieve global food
security, and one of those challenges is the continuing loss of forests and
biodiversity. How do we feed the world’s growing population while
maintaining its biodiversity? The answer could be in new approaches to
integrating agriculture and biodiversity.
CIFOR scientist Terry Sunderland explores the links between forests,
biodiversity and food security in this presentation, which he recently gave at the
2nd World Biodiversity Congress in Malaysia to more than 150 delegates.
Nutrition-sensitive landscapes was a side-event at the Int. Conference on Forests for Food Security organized by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and Bioversity International, all members of the CGIAR Consortium.
Céline Termote, research assistant with Bioversity International's Nutrition and Marketing Diversity Programme, shared some of her experiences from research she carried out in the Tshopo District in the Democratic Republic of Congo on wild edible plant knowledge and use. She found that peoples' knowledge of biodiversity was not always translated into their effective use of wild edible plants. She argued for better integration of participatory research techniques: "We should put people at the centre of the landscapes approach. Food is an expression of their culture, we must not forget that, “she said.
Learn more: http://liveblog.cifor.org/Event/Forests_for_food_security_and_nutrition/76707058#.UZNeGVGcnD4
Read more about Bioversity International’s work on marketing diversity for income and equity
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/marketing-diversity/?L=0
Improving diet diversity, quality and ecosystem sustainability. By Federico Mattei Bioversity International. Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health. http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
Metrics and sustainable diets was the focus of a presentation by Thomas Allen of Bioversity International delivered at the Joint Conference on Sustainable Diet and Food Security co-organized by the Belgian Nutrition Society, The Nutrition Society and Société Française de Nutrition on 28 and 29 May 2013 in Lille, France under the auspices of the Federation of European Nutrition Societies, a conference on Sustainable Diet and Food Security. : A system approach to assessing Sustainable Diets. Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
Forests, biodiversity and food securityCIFOR-ICRAF
The world faces many challenges in attempting to achieve global food
security, and one of those challenges is the continuing loss of forests and
biodiversity. How do we feed the world’s growing population while
maintaining its biodiversity? The answer could be in new approaches to
integrating agriculture and biodiversity.
CIFOR scientist Terry Sunderland explores the links between forests,
biodiversity and food security in this presentation, which he recently gave at the
2nd World Biodiversity Congress in Malaysia to more than 150 delegates.
Nutrition-sensitive landscapes was a side-event at the Int. Conference on Forests for Food Security organized by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and Bioversity International, all members of the CGIAR Consortium.
Céline Termote, research assistant with Bioversity International's Nutrition and Marketing Diversity Programme, shared some of her experiences from research she carried out in the Tshopo District in the Democratic Republic of Congo on wild edible plant knowledge and use. She found that peoples' knowledge of biodiversity was not always translated into their effective use of wild edible plants. She argued for better integration of participatory research techniques: "We should put people at the centre of the landscapes approach. Food is an expression of their culture, we must not forget that, “she said.
Learn more: http://liveblog.cifor.org/Event/Forests_for_food_security_and_nutrition/76707058#.UZNeGVGcnD4
Read more about Bioversity International’s work on marketing diversity for income and equity
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/marketing-diversity/?L=0
Improving diet diversity, quality and ecosystem sustainability. By Federico Mattei Bioversity International. Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health. http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
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Conference given by Jessica Fanzo at University Paris-Saclay / AgroParisTech on 11 January 2018 as part of Master CLUES (week on Natural resources, food security and poverty alleviation)
Social Dimensions of Climate Change. Presented by Robin Mearns (World Bank) at the GL-CRSP "End of Program Conference" on June 19, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
Agrarian change in tropical forests: A change for the better?CIFOR-ICRAF
Agricultural expansion has resulted in losses to habitats, forests, ecosystems and biological diversity. Socio-ecological research methods were used to assess the livelihood impacts of agrarian change across the forest transition in six tropical landscapes in Zambia, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Indonesia and Bangladesh. Early findings suggest the transition from a forested landscape to a more agrarian-dominated system does not immediately result in better livelihood outcomes, and there may be unintended consequences.
This presentation was given by Terry Sunderland at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conversation.
Food systems, food security and environmental changeIIED
This is a presentation given by Dr John Ingram of Oxford University's Environmental Change Institute (ECI) to a Critical Theme organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development on 12 February 2015.
Dr Ingram leads the Environmental Change Institute's Food Systems Research and Training Programme, which aims to increase understanding of the interactions between food security and environmental change. The programme's research products have been adopted by national and international organisations, including the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the UK and Dutch governments.
In his presentation, Ingram looked at food system activities and 'planetary boundaries' – the safe operating space for humanity with respect to the earth's biophysical systems. If these planetary boundaries are crossed, then important subsystems, such as a monsoon system, could shift into a new state. Such shifts could have damaging consequences, including undermining the environmental conditions and the natural resource base on which our food security depends.
IIED hosts Critical Themes meetings to explore new ideas, introduce new research and broaden the knowledge of its staff.
More details: bit.ly/1CkRJ9K.
Forests, biodiversity and food securityCIFOR-ICRAF
CIFOR scientist Terry Sunderland gave this presentation on 8 September 2012 at the IUCN World Conservation Congress in Jeju, South Korea, during a session co-hosted by CIFOR titled ‘Managing wild species and systems for food security’.
Towards synergies between food security and biodiversity conservation: an out...joernfischer
- production focus is too narrow
- need to look at other issues, e.g. female education
- even better, use a systems approach
- systems have leverage points (sensu Meadows 1999)
- the most influential points of intervening in systems are changing the system goals and questioning the paradigms underpinning the systems
- it follows that we ought to challenge the global systems for food security and biodiversity conservation -- they are based on paradigms that are not achieving either of these two goals very well
Food security,Management of Food security science book
Food security.Factors enhance and decrease the food security. Food security Management processes. helpful to understand the basic concept and factors effecting the food security.
Terry Sunderland | Key findings from the High Level Panel of Experts (HLPE) r...CIFOR-ICRAF
Terry Sunderland, Professor of tropical forestry at the University of British Columbia, senior associate at CIFOR, and HLPE project team leader, presented during a seminar on food system resilience on Feb. 12, 2019, organized by the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA).
Informing the policymaking landscape: From research to action in the fight ag...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation given by Alex De Pinto, of the Environment and Production Technology Division of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), at the Global Landscapes Forum on 16 November 2016 in Marrakesh, Morocco.
http://www.landscapes.org/
Achieving optimal nutrition - the critical role of food systems and dietsAlain Vidal
Conference given by Jessica Fanzo at University Paris-Saclay / AgroParisTech on 11 January 2018 as part of Master CLUES (week on Natural resources, food security and poverty alleviation)
Social Dimensions of Climate Change. Presented by Robin Mearns (World Bank) at the GL-CRSP "End of Program Conference" on June 19, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
Agrarian change in tropical forests: A change for the better?CIFOR-ICRAF
Agricultural expansion has resulted in losses to habitats, forests, ecosystems and biological diversity. Socio-ecological research methods were used to assess the livelihood impacts of agrarian change across the forest transition in six tropical landscapes in Zambia, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Indonesia and Bangladesh. Early findings suggest the transition from a forested landscape to a more agrarian-dominated system does not immediately result in better livelihood outcomes, and there may be unintended consequences.
This presentation was given by Terry Sunderland at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conversation.
Food systems, food security and environmental changeIIED
This is a presentation given by Dr John Ingram of Oxford University's Environmental Change Institute (ECI) to a Critical Theme organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development on 12 February 2015.
Dr Ingram leads the Environmental Change Institute's Food Systems Research and Training Programme, which aims to increase understanding of the interactions between food security and environmental change. The programme's research products have been adopted by national and international organisations, including the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the UK and Dutch governments.
In his presentation, Ingram looked at food system activities and 'planetary boundaries' – the safe operating space for humanity with respect to the earth's biophysical systems. If these planetary boundaries are crossed, then important subsystems, such as a monsoon system, could shift into a new state. Such shifts could have damaging consequences, including undermining the environmental conditions and the natural resource base on which our food security depends.
IIED hosts Critical Themes meetings to explore new ideas, introduce new research and broaden the knowledge of its staff.
More details: bit.ly/1CkRJ9K.
Forests, biodiversity and food securityCIFOR-ICRAF
CIFOR scientist Terry Sunderland gave this presentation on 8 September 2012 at the IUCN World Conservation Congress in Jeju, South Korea, during a session co-hosted by CIFOR titled ‘Managing wild species and systems for food security’.
Towards synergies between food security and biodiversity conservation: an out...joernfischer
- production focus is too narrow
- need to look at other issues, e.g. female education
- even better, use a systems approach
- systems have leverage points (sensu Meadows 1999)
- the most influential points of intervening in systems are changing the system goals and questioning the paradigms underpinning the systems
- it follows that we ought to challenge the global systems for food security and biodiversity conservation -- they are based on paradigms that are not achieving either of these two goals very well
Food security,Management of Food security science book
Food security.Factors enhance and decrease the food security. Food security Management processes. helpful to understand the basic concept and factors effecting the food security.
Terry Sunderland | Key findings from the High Level Panel of Experts (HLPE) r...CIFOR-ICRAF
Terry Sunderland, Professor of tropical forestry at the University of British Columbia, senior associate at CIFOR, and HLPE project team leader, presented during a seminar on food system resilience on Feb. 12, 2019, organized by the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA).
Informing the policymaking landscape: From research to action in the fight ag...CIFOR-ICRAF
Presentation given by Alex De Pinto, of the Environment and Production Technology Division of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), at the Global Landscapes Forum on 16 November 2016 in Marrakesh, Morocco.
http://www.landscapes.org/
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How can business be Pro-Poor? &
How can such partnerships be made sustainable?”
[ Originally posted on http://www.cop-ppld.net/cop_knowledge_base ]
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The Scheme 'Distribution of cocks, drakes and cockerels, etc.' involves the distribution of Rhode Island Red (RIR) chickens and Khaki Campbell (KC) ducks to rural households. This is a centrally-sponsored family-based Scheme wherein the Department of Animal Resources Development, Government of West Bengal distributes poultry birds to marginal rural households throughout the State. This scheme shows that not only can it contribute to rural poverty reduction but also that, despite some shortcomings and the rather high subsidies, it is possibly bankable and could be strengthened and scaled-up through appropriate public private partnerships.
[ Originally posted on http://www.cop-ppld.net/cop_knowledge_base ]
Transforming lives of rural communities around the world by using digital pla...STARS Forum
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Presented by Karl M. Rich at the Training program for “Methods for livestock value chain analysis: Qualitative and quantitative methods”, ILRI, Nairobi, 1 July 2013
Presented by Kathleen Earl Colverson at the Africa RISING Integrating Gender into Agricultural Programming training, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 18-20 August 2014
A trainer's manual" (available at http://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/33426)
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Presented by Kathleen Colverson at the Workshop on In-depth smallholder pig value chain assessment and preliminary identification of best-bet interventions, Kampala, 9-11 April 2013
Poverty and gender aspects of food safety and informal markets in sub-Saharan...Tezira Lore
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"Empowering Women as Key drivers of Food System Change Lindiwe Majele Sibanda...ExternalEvents
"www.fao.org/about/meetings/sustainable-food-systems-nutrition-symposium
The International Symposium on Sustainable Food Systems for Healthy Diets and Improved Nutrition was jointly held by FAO and WHO in December 2016 to explore policies and programme options for shaping the food systems in ways that deliver foods for a healthy diet, focusing on concrete country experiences and challenges. This Symposium waas the first large-scale contribution under the UN Decade of Action for Nutrition 2016-2025. This presentation was part of Parallel session 3.3: Empowering women as key drivers of food system change"
FEW SECTORS HAVE clearer links to nutrition than agriculture. Most simply, of course, agriculture is a source of food. Because many poor households around the world grow food that they both consume and sell for income, agricultural interventions can have a massive effect on the lives of people in developing countries. Through the decades, and most famously in Asia’s Green Revolution, development projects have sought to boost agricultural production of staple foods as a way of improving people’s nutrition. Yet, while consuming a sufficient quantity of calories is important, especially among undernourished populations, quality matters too. Thus, the traditional focus on producing enough food to meet people’s calorie needs has evolved into a deeper understanding that to improve nutrition, we also need people to consume balanced, high-quality, and diverse diets that contain enough essential nutrients to meet their daily requirements.
The role of women in agriculture: Implications in providing, improving househ...Open Access Research Paper
There has been less recognition to women contribute to agricultural and food security. Women’s work in the agriculture and food security often remains invisible. The research sought to investigate the role of women agriculture in providing household food security and reducing of hunger and malnutrition in rural communities. The research used a survey research design, quantitative and qualitative data was gathered. Findings were that social and economic constraints place barriers around women’s access to agricultural land and empowerment. Women had a high positive attitude to the variables on; interest in contributing to household, understanding of food security and socio-economic development. Men own land and livestock at household level, livestock for women were realized through payment of the bride prize. The country was not food secured, 68% of the household could not afford three meals per day, malnutrition remains at 9% and the four dimension of food security were averaging 23.25%. Given equal treatment, women could produce high crop yield and can play role in food processing, in nutrition, gardening and agricultural cooperatives. Farming and agricultural policies need to address factors that were affecting the potential of women in improving food security. This would help in fully utilization of the roles of women in providing and improving household food security and reduce hunger and malnutrition in the rural communities. Noted implications of not involving and empowering women in agriculture was food insecurity in the rural communities as food availability, accessibility, utilisation and stability was to achieved year around in the communities.
Bringing Agriculture, Nutrition and Extension Together Using a Gender LensINGENAES
Andrea Bohn
University of Illinois
March 23, 2016
INGENAES recognizes that women are disproportionally affected by hunger and malnutrition, and addresses gender equity to achieve better agricultural and nutrition outcomes. There are the four pillars of food security based on the role of extension including availability, access, utilization, and stability.
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ACIAR is funding a project to test and develop new processing methods and products from veneer using Acacia wood. The collaborative project involves a number of Australian and Vietnamese research agencies, processing companies and donors. Details at veneervalue.com.
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Topic: About ACIAR - current developments (external review), reporting against the CAPF, situation report.
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Under-research crops and livestock as key contributors to food security in Af...ACIAR
Under-research crops and livestock as key contributors to food security in Africa - Dr Appolinaire Djikeng, Technology Manager, Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa (BecA) Hub
Policies, Institutions, and Markets: Why they matter in Africa now, & what re...ACIAR
Policies, Institutions, and Markets: Why they matter in Africa now, & what researchers can do to help - Dr Karen Brooks, Director, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
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Towards sustainable & productive farming systems for Africa: experiences and lessons from SIMLESA - Dr Mulugetta Mekuria, Senior Scientist, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), and SIMLESA Project Leader
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
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Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
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Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
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Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Tackling food and nutrition security: the importance of gender specific activities
1. Tackling food and nutrition security: the
importance of gender specific activities
By Brigitte Bagnol
The International Rural Poultry Centre (IRPC), KYEEMA Foundation, Mozambique and
Australia, www.kyeemafoundation.org
2. Acknowledgements
• The author would like to acknowledge the support given to family
poultry research and development by:
• the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
(ACIAR),
• the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID),
• the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO),
• The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI),
• The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS),
• The Wildlife Health Network, and
• The University of Sydney.
• My gratitude is extended to my colleagues at the KYEEMA
Foundation and the veterinarians, poultry
specialists, extensionists, traders and farmers in many parts of the
world who have given freely of their time and expertise over the
years.
3. Why gender?
• Emerging consensus as well as increasing bulk
of evidence that addressing gender inequality
will alleviate hunger, poverty and
unemployment.
• The 7th MDG aims to “Promote gender
equality and empower women”.
4. Additionally, available data indicate that:
• Gender inequality and cultural issues have
been inadequately addressed in most research
linking agriculture and nutrition (Hawkes et
al., 2012:11).
• While we aim at developing policy based on
sound “evidence”, this “evidence” is often
missing where food and agriculture is
concerned in Africa (Sumberg et al, 2013).
5. What do we know?
Women’s contribution to food production, food
transformation and preparation of meals
• In most parts of the world, although they do not have the ownership of the
land, women living in rural areas make a major contribution to village poultry and
traditional crop production, therefore assuming much of the responsibility for
household food security.
• In Africa women provide between 60% to 80% of the labour for food production
(FAO, 1995, 1996) and most of the post harvest management.
• While men are more likely to be involved in hunting, commercial crops, large
livestock and formal employment, women are gathering wood, edible and
medical plants, care for small livestock, produce subsistence food.
Livestock, crops and natural resources such as water, which is essential for food
production and food preparation, are thus “gendered”.
• As part of their reproductive role, women are also responsible for the nutrition
and health of their households, especially when preparing daily meals and taking
care of the children, the sick and the elderly.
6. What do we know? (2)
• Village poultry production is an activity mainly under the responsibility of
women and they have significant control over the use and consumption
of the chickens as well as on the money resulting from its sale (Alders et
al. 2007; Bagnol, 2009).
• In Tanzania, data collected by the Regional Newcastle Disease (ND)
control project (Lauchande, 2011) indicate that 60% of women take
decisions on chickens’ vaccination against ND.
• Traditional crops are often under women’s control compared to cash
crops (The World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization, and
International Fund for Agricultural Development. 2009).
• Research indicates that resources under the control of women are more
likely to be used to support the education and nutrition of children
(Quisumbing et al., 1995).
• Thus, poultry and crop production improvement can have a beneficial
impact on children’s overall nutritional status and health. It can also alter
women’s status in the household and in community by increasing their
bargaining power and their financial autonomy.
7. What is necessary?
• In a situation where women have little control
over major household purchases, it is important
to improve access to and productivity of those
resources that they have some control over.
• A clear understanding of who has control over
resources resulting from chicken and traditional
crop production as opposed to other available
resources is important to facilitate the
development of effective policies.
8. Increased poultry and crop
production under women’s
responsibility can improve
children’s education and nutrition
9. It is fundamental when discussing food insecurity
and nutrition to take into consideration the role of
women along the whole value chain:
• As farmers,
• As livestock keepers,
• As processors,
• As store keepers,
• As traders,
• As providers of food and
• As care givers of children and the sick.
11. In addition to socio-economic factors, other
factors such as:
• Socio-cultural attitudes,
• Group and class-based obligations,
• Religious and cultural beliefs and practices,
• Institutional arrangements,
• Age, race, marital status…
influence access to resources (land, cash
crops, education, information, etc.) and the type
of activities men and women can
pursue, responsibilities, mobility, social contact …
13. Regarding crops, women make major
contributions to crop production, especially
subsistence crops
• They often manage species-rich production
systems adapted to drought and pests while
male-dominated production tends to be oriented
towards a single cash crop.
• Women have more restricted access than men to
inputs and markets, affecting yield improvement.
• Patterns of ownership of land also limit yield
improvement by women, as they do not have the
final decision regarding the adoption of new crop
production technologies.
14. Men and women have different access to
resources and in consequence have different
knowledge and interest
15. Decision Making about purchases
Table 1: Percentage of persons who usually-take-decisions about purchases in the
household and percentage of currently married women, aged 15 to 49, with cash
earnings in the past 12 months by person-who-decides how the women’s cash
earnings are used (Tanzania DHS, 2010; Zambia DHS, 2007)
Mainly wife Wife and husband jointly Mainly husband
Tanzania Zambia Tanzania Zambia Tanzania Zambia
Major
household
purchases
6.9 13.7 31.9 41.8 57.7 43.7
Person who
decides how
women’s
cash
earnings are
used
35.9 37.8 47.2 40.8 16.6 20.8
16. As a woman put it: “It is easier for a man to
listen to woman when the money comes
from chickens because the decision-making
is with women.” (Mtwara, Tanzania - 2005)
17. Women have limited access to
inputs, innovation and information
• Women are benefiting less than men from
aid in agriculture, forestry and fishery.
Only 15% of the world’s extension agents
are women.
http://www.fao.org/gender/infographic/e
n/
• It is considered that only 10% of the aid
goes to women.
http://www.fao.org/gender/infographic/en/
• Women are benefiting only of 5% of
extension services. Women have less
access to inputs such as improved
seeds, fertilizers and equipment as a
result their yield is lower than those of
men. http://www.fao.org/gender/infographic/en/
• Women have also less possibility to have
access to markets (Njuki, 2012).
http://www.fao.org/gender/infographic/en/
18. Access to literacy and media
Tanzania Zambia
Women Men Women Men
Women and men aged 15 to 49
who cannot read (%)
27.4 17.6 36.1 18.3
Women and men aged 15 to 49
who are not regularly exposed to
any media (TV, radio, or written
press) at least once a week (%)
36.0 18.8 33.1 19.1
Table 2: Literacy and media access indicators related to gender
issues (Tanzania DHS, 2010; Zambia DHS, 2007)
19. Improving women’s access to inputs and
services
• Has the potential to increase women’s yields
to the same level as those of men implying an
improvement of 2.5/4% of total agricultural
output. http://www.fao.org/gender/infographic/en/
• Could reduce the number of malnourished
people in the world by 100 to 150 million or
12/17%. http://www.fao.org/gender/infographic/en/
20. Limiting agricultural opportunity for women is
unfair
• Life chances should not be pre-determined at
birth by the sex of the person or any other
reason.
• In economic and nutritional terms this
limitation reduces the welfare of the
household.
• Thus it is both a human rights and a
development issue.
21. Summary: Key elements for good practice
Objective Instruments
Assess gender roles and
responsibilities in village
chicken and crops along
the whole value chain
• Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) carried out in same sex focus groups.
PRA includes analysis of roles, access, control and benefit related to
chicken and crops production and trading.
Develop effective
communication material
• Training material should be pre-tested and reviewed to ensure gender
awareness and that it is equally clear to both men and women
Involve male and female
support staff
• 50% of staff should be women
• Gender issues introduced in the training of all staff
• Gender issues included in the terms of reference of all staff
Identify male and female
vaccinators
• At least 50% of vaccinators are women
Ensure gender sensitive
monitoring and
evaluation of the ND
control program
• Data collection by vaccinators in male and female headed households
vaccinating against ND
• PRA carried out with same sex focus groups regularly
• Participatory exercises carried out with same sex focus groups regularly
• Regular random survey with 50% of women interviewees and 50% of
women interviewers
23. References
• Alders, R., Bagnol, B., Harun, M. And Young, M. 2007. Village poultry, food security and HIV/AIDS mitigation. LEISA Magazine, 23: 20-
21.
• Bagnol, B. 2009. Improving Village Chicken Production by Employing Effective Gender Sensitive Methodologies. In: Alders, R.G.;
Spradbrow, P. B. and Young, M. P (eds). Village Chickens, Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Control of Newcastle Disease. Canberra:
Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. ACIAR Proceedings Nº 131: 35-42. http://www.aciar.
gov.au/publication/PR131
• Central Statistical Office (CSO), Ministry of Health (MOH), Tropical Diseases Research Centre (TDRC), University of Zambia, and Macro
International Inc. 2009. Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2007. Calverton, Maryland, USA: CSO and Macro International Inc.
http://www.measuredhs.com/Publications/Publication-Search.cfm?ctry_id=47&country=Zambia
• Hawkes, C., Turner R., and Waage, J. 2012. Current and Planned Research on Agriculture for Improved Nutrition: A Mapping and a
Gap Analysis. Aberdeen: Leverhulme Centre for Integrative Research on Agriculture and Health (LCIRAH) and Centre for Sustainable
International Development, University of Aberdeen.
• Lauchande, C. 2011. Newcastle Disease control project. Report. Maputo: KYEEMA Foundation.
• National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) [Tanzania] and ICF Macro. 2011. Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2010. Dar es
Salaam, Tanzania: NBS and ICF Macro. http://www.measuredhs.com/Publications/Publication-
Search.cfm?ctry_id=39&country=Tanzania
• Quisumbing, A.R., Brown, L.R., Feldstein, H.S., Haddad, L. and Pena, C. 1995. Women: The Key to Food Security. Food Policy Statement
No. 21, Aug. 1995. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC.
• Sumberg, J., Awo, M., Thompson, J., Kwadzo, G. T. M. and Fiankor, D.D.D. 2013. The limits of ‘evidence’: Evidence-Based Policy-making
for African agriculture http://stepscentre-thecrossing.blogspot.com.au/2013/01/the-limits-of-evidence-evidence-based.html?m=1
• The World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization, and International Fund for Agricultural Development. 2009. Gender in
Agriculture: Sourcebook. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Publications.
Website:
• http://www.fao.org/gender/infographic/en/