1. A digital elevation model was created for the Las Mingachas outcrop area using aerial imagery and stratigraphic well data. Major surfaces like maximum flooding surfaces were reconstructed from digitized geological traces and well tops.
2. The volume between the reconstructed sequential surfaces was modeled using 3D cells oriented in the paleoflow direction, with layering dependent on the sequence set.
3. Facies models were developed for each sequence set by analyzing stratigraphic well and outcrop data to define the distribution and nature of facies within the bounding surfaces.
This document summarizes a study conducted by undergraduate geology students at Fort Lewis College analyzing water quality data from the Gold King Mine spill. The students:
1) Compared water quality data from EPA samples to their own samples collected along the Animas River after the spill.
2) Created a 3D model of the Gold King Mine underground workings to investigate possible connections explaining high discharge volumes.
3) Presented their comparative analysis and findings to the public to provide a more complete understanding of the mine and varying metal concentrations in streams.
Recapitulation of some projects focused in 3D geological modelling.
- Surface based projects
- Seismic based projects
- Fault analysis based projects
- Facies modelling facies projects
- Well management based projects
This document summarizes a research project that digitized and modeled historic mine plans and data from the Camp Bird Mine in Colorado in order to create a 3D model. The goals were to preserve historical mining documents, make the data more accessible, and allow for analysis to support potential reopening and development of the mine. Over 2,000 historic maps were compiled and processed using GIS and Vulcan software. The resulting 3D model integrated data from multiple levels and can be used to better understand the mine's geology, workings, and impacts. This addressed the lack of existing digital compilations and issues with studying the extensive paper records.
The document contains geological data including elevation measurements in meters for various geographical locations in different districts of Venezuela. It also lists stratigraphic units with their corresponding geologic formation names and age ranging from Eocene to Oligocene epoch.
1. A digital elevation model was created for the Las Mingachas outcrop area using aerial imagery and stratigraphic well data. Major flooding surfaces and sequential surfaces were reconstructed from digitized geological traces and well data.
2. A 3D volume model was constructed between the reconstructed sequential surfaces using gridded cells oriented in the paleoflow direction. Facies models were defined for each sequence set based on outcrop and well data.
Geological simulation using implicit approachalecacer
This document proposes a new approach called implicit boundary simulation (IBS) for stochastic geological modelling that combines implicit and stochastic modelling. IBS simulates the distance function to geological boundaries using geostatistical algorithms rather than interpolating distances. The approach is applied to a deposit, showing IBS better reproduces indicator variograms and interval lengths compared to sequential indicator simulation. IBS provides distances to boundaries, conveying information about mineral zone configuration unlike other methods.
1. A digital elevation model was created for the Las Mingachas outcrop area using aerial imagery and stratigraphic well data. Major surfaces like maximum flooding surfaces were reconstructed from digitized geological traces and well tops.
2. The volume between the reconstructed sequential surfaces was modeled using 3D cells oriented in the paleoflow direction, with layering dependent on the sequence set.
3. Facies models were developed for each sequence set by analyzing stratigraphic well and outcrop data to define the distribution and nature of facies within the bounding surfaces.
This document summarizes a study conducted by undergraduate geology students at Fort Lewis College analyzing water quality data from the Gold King Mine spill. The students:
1) Compared water quality data from EPA samples to their own samples collected along the Animas River after the spill.
2) Created a 3D model of the Gold King Mine underground workings to investigate possible connections explaining high discharge volumes.
3) Presented their comparative analysis and findings to the public to provide a more complete understanding of the mine and varying metal concentrations in streams.
Recapitulation of some projects focused in 3D geological modelling.
- Surface based projects
- Seismic based projects
- Fault analysis based projects
- Facies modelling facies projects
- Well management based projects
This document summarizes a research project that digitized and modeled historic mine plans and data from the Camp Bird Mine in Colorado in order to create a 3D model. The goals were to preserve historical mining documents, make the data more accessible, and allow for analysis to support potential reopening and development of the mine. Over 2,000 historic maps were compiled and processed using GIS and Vulcan software. The resulting 3D model integrated data from multiple levels and can be used to better understand the mine's geology, workings, and impacts. This addressed the lack of existing digital compilations and issues with studying the extensive paper records.
The document contains geological data including elevation measurements in meters for various geographical locations in different districts of Venezuela. It also lists stratigraphic units with their corresponding geologic formation names and age ranging from Eocene to Oligocene epoch.
1. A digital elevation model was created for the Las Mingachas outcrop area using aerial imagery and stratigraphic well data. Major flooding surfaces and sequential surfaces were reconstructed from digitized geological traces and well data.
2. A 3D volume model was constructed between the reconstructed sequential surfaces using gridded cells oriented in the paleoflow direction. Facies models were defined for each sequence set based on outcrop and well data.
Geological simulation using implicit approachalecacer
This document proposes a new approach called implicit boundary simulation (IBS) for stochastic geological modelling that combines implicit and stochastic modelling. IBS simulates the distance function to geological boundaries using geostatistical algorithms rather than interpolating distances. The approach is applied to a deposit, showing IBS better reproduces indicator variograms and interval lengths compared to sequential indicator simulation. IBS provides distances to boundaries, conveying information about mineral zone configuration unlike other methods.
This document introduces the Leapfrog mining software. It summarizes that Leapfrog allows for fast, flexible, and dynamic 3D geological modeling. It works through an implicit 3D engine that interpolates data points to build a 3D model much faster than alternative methods. Leapfrog encourages exploring multiple interpretations simultaneously and refining models directly. Its powerful 3D visualization enables compelling presentation and improved interpretation of geological models.
El documento presenta una introducción al software Vulcan 3D, describiendo su barra de explorador, carpetas principales como "Design Database" y "Triangulation", y herramientas básicas como cargar y remover capas y triangulaciones. También explica la pantalla de dibujo, ventanas de estado y barras de herramientas, con énfasis en comandos comunes como listar capas, deshacer/rehacer, y crear y eliminar vistas de sección. Finalmente, resume las principales herramientas de dibujo y edición como capa
Dr. John McLellan established GMEX in 2012 to provide geomechanical modelling services to the mining industry. GMEX uses finite element and discrete element modelling techniques to better understand geological deformation events and fluid flow patterns to enable predictive mineral exploration targeting. These modelling techniques simulate crustal deformation and analyze resulting stress, strain, and fluid flow patterns to identify favorable areas for structurally-controlled mineral deposits. GMEX has successfully applied these methods in validation case studies to define new exploration targets at mines like Sunrise Dam and prioritize regional targets in areas like the Eastern Fold Belt in Mount Isa.
The document discusses the history and modern practices of mining. It covers the earliest records of mining from 3000 BC by Egyptians extracting gold, silver and copper. Modern mining involves prospecting, feasibility studies, extracting desired materials using surface or underground techniques, and reclaiming land after closure. Key aspects covered include exploration methods, resource and reserve estimation, adhering to mining codes, and establishing feasibility studies to evaluate project risk and define scale prior to development and operation.
This document discusses the importance of modelling as a way to make implicit thinking explicit for students. It suggests 5 questions to consider when modelling, including how to create conditions for deep thinking. Different types of modelling are presented, such as student-generated, teacher-modelling, and differentiated modelling. Live modelling is described as the "Rolls Royce" approach, showing students how to complete a task excellently. The key message is that modelling clarity, avoiding assumptions, and demonstrating mastery of a skill can help students learn.
The document discusses 3D geological modeling, including defining the process as developing a mathematical representation of subsurface structures using data from boreholes, seismic surveys, and maps. It outlines the basic steps of 3D modeling as including data georeferencing, picking structural features, creating a fault network, and horizon modeling on a block-by-block basis. A case study of 3D modeling of the Brady's geothermal system in Nevada is also presented.
The document describes a reservoir simulation project involving history matching of an oil reservoir with multiple producers and injectors. 10 different simulation trials were run to match historical production data from 4 key wells by adjusting transmissibility multipliers in different regions of the reservoir model. The best results were achieved in trial 6, where transmissibility was increased in two areas and changed near the main injectors, successfully matching the production of the most important well while having limited effect on other wells. However, fully history matching all 4 wells proved challenging.
3D Facies Modelling project using Petrel software. Msc Geology and Geophysics
Abstract
The Montserrat and Sant Llorenç del Munt fan-delta complexes were developed during the Eocene in the Ebro basin. The depositional stratigraphic record of these fan deltas has been described as a made up by a several transgressive and regressive composite sequences each made up by several fundamental sequences. Each sequence set is in turn composed by five main facies belts: proximal alluvial fan, distal alluvial fan, delta front, carbonates platforms and prodelta.
Using outcrop data from three composite sequences (Sant Vicenç, Vilomara and Manresa), a 3D facies model was built. The key sequential traces of the studied area georeferenced and digitalized on to photorealistic terrain models, were the hard data used as input to reconstruct the main surfaces, which are separating transgressive and regressive stacking patterns. Regarding the facies modelling has been achieved using a geostatistical algorithm in order to define the stacking trend and the interfingerings of adjacent facies belts, and five paleogeographyc maps to reproduce the paleogeometry of the facies belts within each system tract.
The final model has been checked, using a real cross section, and analysed in order to obtain information about the Delta Front facies which are the ones susceptible to be analogous of a reservoir. Attending to the results including eight probability maps of occurrence, the transgressive sequence set of Vilomara is the greatest accumulation of these facies explained by its agradational component.
Title: "Mission Analysis, Formation Geometry and Dynamics for the IRASSI Space Interferometer "
Abstract: Space-based interferometry has gained prominence in recent years, largely because higher spatial resolutions of celestial observations can be achieved with multi-telescope formations compared to those achieved with a fixed-aperture, single telescope. IRASSI is a space interferometer composed of five spacecraft, whose aim is to observe particular chemical and physical processes in cold regions of space, such as dust clouds and stellar disks, in the far-infrared frequencies.
Ultimately, the goal is to study the genesis of planets, star formation and evolution processes in these cold regions and to understand how prebiotic conditions in Earth-like planets are created. IRASSI will orbit the second Lagrange point, L2, of Sun-Earth/Moon system. The operating principle of IRASSI is based on free-drifting baselines, which dynamically change during the observations and measure therefore the incoming wavefront of a celestial target at different locations in space. This process relies on very accurate measurements of the baselines - at micrometre level - rather than on precise control of the formation.
Naturally, a free-flying formation comes with a set of challenges, namely identifying a nominal formation geometry, that is, a suitable dispersion of the telescopes in three-dimensional space. In addition, understanding how this free-drifting geometry is expected to change is crucial, particularly if this may affect the operation of the telescope instruments and thus the quality of the final synthesized images.
The presentation introduces therefore the IRASSI mission and the main driving requirements. The formation geometry and dynamics are thereafter evaluated. Finally, preliminary results concerning formation control are presented
Multiple Reflection Symmetry Detection via Linear-Directional Kernel Density ...Mohamed Elawady
This document presents a methodology for detecting multiple reflection symmetries in images. It begins with an introduction and background on symmetry detection. It then discusses related work on intensity-based and edge-based symmetry detection methods. The proposed methodology extracts multi-scale edge segments from images and uses them to build a triangulation-based representation of local symmetry. A linear-directional kernel density estimation is applied to detect symmetry axes. The methodology is evaluated on standard symmetry detection datasets and compared to previous methods through precision-recall curves.
The document describes research using GPS and accelerometer data to predict tourist behavior and activity, such as viewing exhibitions. An initial study of students at a zoo found a relationship between walking speed and viewing probability. Additional experiments with more participants and parameters from GPS data improved the prediction model for students. However, predicting the viewing behavior of kindergarteners was more difficult due to their frequent shifts in attention. A pilot study combining GPS and accelerometer data showed promise in improving prediction accuracy.
This presentation summarizes the work done in WP6 on navigation and interaction tasks. The main achievements include developing approaches for following a person, approaching a person while respecting their personal space, respectfully observing a person, and allowing remote control of the robot. Additional work involved person tracking, autonomous map building, and a navigation state machine. Future work is outlined for improving the person tracker and developing autonomous 3D mapping capabilities.
Service Kaizen through Lab-forming Field & Field-forming LabKurata Takeshi
Getting both “results” such as POS data and "processes" including spatio-temporal data on human behavior and environmental stimuli and constraints in an actual service field, it makes the field virtually tangible. Such tangibility must be a key driver not only for understanding what happened there and why it happened more comprehensively, but also for predicting what will happen to facilitate service kaizen.
The virtual tangibility can be realized by technologies and methodologies that support the idea of "Lab-forming Field" and "Field-forming Lab" such as IoT (Internet of Things), WoT (Web of Things), and MR (Mixed Reality) encompassing VR (Virtual Reality), AV (Augmented Virtuality), and AR (Augmented Reality).
This talk will present several case studies on service kaizen assisted by this kind of framework while introducing the technologies and methodologies we have developed and applied to the actual cases.
Global Bilateral Symmetry Detection Using Multiscale Mirror HistogramsMohamed Elawady
M. ELAWADY, C. BARAT, C. DUCOTTET and P. COLANTONI
Laboratoire Hubert Curien, Saint-Etienne, FR
Conference "Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems
" 2016
Maria Antonia Brovelli, Carolina Arias Muñoz, Marco Minghini, Giorgio Zamboni.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3xWOhmJOx-_am5Ld3c4dnFPUUE/view
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQ-EdwoPMVQ&feature=youtu.be
1) The study tested how expert users interact with animated versus non-animated maps to understand the narrative of floods impacting a railway network.
2) The results found no significant difference in efficiency between map types, but animated maps influenced user confidence and hesitation. Information retrieval tasks were easier than analyzing causality.
3) Two questions had ambiguous wording, influencing the results. Additionally, question complexity likely had a greater impact than map type.
4) Future work could involve controlling task types by using standardized sets from other domains to improve reproducibility and comparison across studies.
Fault Enhancement Using Spectrally Based Seismic Attributes -- Dewett and Hen...Dustin Dewett
Fault interpretation in seismic data is a critical task that must be completed to thoroughly understand the structural history of the subsurface. The development of similarity-based attributes has allowed geoscientists to effectively filter a seismic data set to highlight discontinuities that are often associated with fault systems. Furthermore, there are numerous workflows that provide, to varying degrees, the ability to enhance this seismic attribute family. We have developed a new method, spectral similarity, to improve the similarity enhancement by integrating spectral decomposition, swarm intelligence, magnitude filtering, and orientated smoothing. In addition, the spectral similarity method has the ability to take any seismic attribute (e.g., similarity, curvature, total energy, coherent energy gradient, reflector rotation, etc.), combine it with the benefits of spectral decomposition, and create an accurate enhancement to similarity attributes. The final result is an increase in the quality of the similarity enhancement over previously used methods, and it can be computed entirely in commercial software packages. Specifically, the spectral similarity method provides a more realistic fault dip, reduction of noise, and removal of the discontinuous “stair-step” pattern common to similarity volumes.
Fast modelling of Airborne EM data using "Smart Interpretation"Torben Bach
When using airborne geophysical measurements in e.g. groundwater mapping, an overwhelming amount of data is collected. Increasingly larger survey areas, denser data collection and limited resources, combines to an increasing problem of building geological models that use all the available data in a manner that is consistent with the geologists knowledge about the geology of the survey area.
In the ERGO project, funded by The Danish National Advanced Technology Foundation, we address this problem, by developing new, usable tools, enabling the geologist utilize her geological knowledge directly in the interpretation of the AEM data, and thereby handle the large amount of data,
In the project we have developed the mathematical basis for capturing geological expertise in a statistical model. Based on this, we have implemented new algorithms that have been operationalized and embedded in user friendly software. In this software, the machine learning algorithm, Smart Interpretation, enables the geologist to use the system as an assistant in the geological modelling process. As the software ‘learns’ the geology from the geologist, the system suggest from new features in the data.
In this presentation we demonstrate the application of the results from the ERGO project, including the proposed modelling workflow utilized on a data example from Gotland, Sweden.
This document provides information about an advanced surveying course. It outlines the course outcomes, which include applying geometric principles to solve surveying problems, using modern instruments to obtain and analyze geo-spatial data, and analyzing geodetic data to perform survey analysis. It also maps the course outcomes to various program outcomes related to engineering knowledge, problem analysis, design/development, investigations, tool usage, and more. Finally, it provides details about the course specification, textbook, assessment structure, units to be covered, and mapping of course to program outcomes.
This document summarizes a lecture on statistical inference and exploratory data analysis. It includes announcements about the class, an overview of the data science workflow and statistical inference. The lecture covers modeling data and uncertainty, populations and samples, probability distributions and fitting models. It concludes with an introduction to exploratory data analysis and an activity to perform EDA in a Jupyter notebook.
Engineering surveying, 5...ition w. schofieldrnkhan
An important book for knowledge of all types of engineering surveys
Engineering Surveying. Sixth Edition. W. Schofield. Former Principal Lecturer, Kingston University. M. Breach. Principal Lecturer, Nottingham Trent University.
This document introduces the Leapfrog mining software. It summarizes that Leapfrog allows for fast, flexible, and dynamic 3D geological modeling. It works through an implicit 3D engine that interpolates data points to build a 3D model much faster than alternative methods. Leapfrog encourages exploring multiple interpretations simultaneously and refining models directly. Its powerful 3D visualization enables compelling presentation and improved interpretation of geological models.
El documento presenta una introducción al software Vulcan 3D, describiendo su barra de explorador, carpetas principales como "Design Database" y "Triangulation", y herramientas básicas como cargar y remover capas y triangulaciones. También explica la pantalla de dibujo, ventanas de estado y barras de herramientas, con énfasis en comandos comunes como listar capas, deshacer/rehacer, y crear y eliminar vistas de sección. Finalmente, resume las principales herramientas de dibujo y edición como capa
Dr. John McLellan established GMEX in 2012 to provide geomechanical modelling services to the mining industry. GMEX uses finite element and discrete element modelling techniques to better understand geological deformation events and fluid flow patterns to enable predictive mineral exploration targeting. These modelling techniques simulate crustal deformation and analyze resulting stress, strain, and fluid flow patterns to identify favorable areas for structurally-controlled mineral deposits. GMEX has successfully applied these methods in validation case studies to define new exploration targets at mines like Sunrise Dam and prioritize regional targets in areas like the Eastern Fold Belt in Mount Isa.
The document discusses the history and modern practices of mining. It covers the earliest records of mining from 3000 BC by Egyptians extracting gold, silver and copper. Modern mining involves prospecting, feasibility studies, extracting desired materials using surface or underground techniques, and reclaiming land after closure. Key aspects covered include exploration methods, resource and reserve estimation, adhering to mining codes, and establishing feasibility studies to evaluate project risk and define scale prior to development and operation.
This document discusses the importance of modelling as a way to make implicit thinking explicit for students. It suggests 5 questions to consider when modelling, including how to create conditions for deep thinking. Different types of modelling are presented, such as student-generated, teacher-modelling, and differentiated modelling. Live modelling is described as the "Rolls Royce" approach, showing students how to complete a task excellently. The key message is that modelling clarity, avoiding assumptions, and demonstrating mastery of a skill can help students learn.
The document discusses 3D geological modeling, including defining the process as developing a mathematical representation of subsurface structures using data from boreholes, seismic surveys, and maps. It outlines the basic steps of 3D modeling as including data georeferencing, picking structural features, creating a fault network, and horizon modeling on a block-by-block basis. A case study of 3D modeling of the Brady's geothermal system in Nevada is also presented.
The document describes a reservoir simulation project involving history matching of an oil reservoir with multiple producers and injectors. 10 different simulation trials were run to match historical production data from 4 key wells by adjusting transmissibility multipliers in different regions of the reservoir model. The best results were achieved in trial 6, where transmissibility was increased in two areas and changed near the main injectors, successfully matching the production of the most important well while having limited effect on other wells. However, fully history matching all 4 wells proved challenging.
3D Facies Modelling project using Petrel software. Msc Geology and Geophysics
Abstract
The Montserrat and Sant Llorenç del Munt fan-delta complexes were developed during the Eocene in the Ebro basin. The depositional stratigraphic record of these fan deltas has been described as a made up by a several transgressive and regressive composite sequences each made up by several fundamental sequences. Each sequence set is in turn composed by five main facies belts: proximal alluvial fan, distal alluvial fan, delta front, carbonates platforms and prodelta.
Using outcrop data from three composite sequences (Sant Vicenç, Vilomara and Manresa), a 3D facies model was built. The key sequential traces of the studied area georeferenced and digitalized on to photorealistic terrain models, were the hard data used as input to reconstruct the main surfaces, which are separating transgressive and regressive stacking patterns. Regarding the facies modelling has been achieved using a geostatistical algorithm in order to define the stacking trend and the interfingerings of adjacent facies belts, and five paleogeographyc maps to reproduce the paleogeometry of the facies belts within each system tract.
The final model has been checked, using a real cross section, and analysed in order to obtain information about the Delta Front facies which are the ones susceptible to be analogous of a reservoir. Attending to the results including eight probability maps of occurrence, the transgressive sequence set of Vilomara is the greatest accumulation of these facies explained by its agradational component.
Title: "Mission Analysis, Formation Geometry and Dynamics for the IRASSI Space Interferometer "
Abstract: Space-based interferometry has gained prominence in recent years, largely because higher spatial resolutions of celestial observations can be achieved with multi-telescope formations compared to those achieved with a fixed-aperture, single telescope. IRASSI is a space interferometer composed of five spacecraft, whose aim is to observe particular chemical and physical processes in cold regions of space, such as dust clouds and stellar disks, in the far-infrared frequencies.
Ultimately, the goal is to study the genesis of planets, star formation and evolution processes in these cold regions and to understand how prebiotic conditions in Earth-like planets are created. IRASSI will orbit the second Lagrange point, L2, of Sun-Earth/Moon system. The operating principle of IRASSI is based on free-drifting baselines, which dynamically change during the observations and measure therefore the incoming wavefront of a celestial target at different locations in space. This process relies on very accurate measurements of the baselines - at micrometre level - rather than on precise control of the formation.
Naturally, a free-flying formation comes with a set of challenges, namely identifying a nominal formation geometry, that is, a suitable dispersion of the telescopes in three-dimensional space. In addition, understanding how this free-drifting geometry is expected to change is crucial, particularly if this may affect the operation of the telescope instruments and thus the quality of the final synthesized images.
The presentation introduces therefore the IRASSI mission and the main driving requirements. The formation geometry and dynamics are thereafter evaluated. Finally, preliminary results concerning formation control are presented
Multiple Reflection Symmetry Detection via Linear-Directional Kernel Density ...Mohamed Elawady
This document presents a methodology for detecting multiple reflection symmetries in images. It begins with an introduction and background on symmetry detection. It then discusses related work on intensity-based and edge-based symmetry detection methods. The proposed methodology extracts multi-scale edge segments from images and uses them to build a triangulation-based representation of local symmetry. A linear-directional kernel density estimation is applied to detect symmetry axes. The methodology is evaluated on standard symmetry detection datasets and compared to previous methods through precision-recall curves.
The document describes research using GPS and accelerometer data to predict tourist behavior and activity, such as viewing exhibitions. An initial study of students at a zoo found a relationship between walking speed and viewing probability. Additional experiments with more participants and parameters from GPS data improved the prediction model for students. However, predicting the viewing behavior of kindergarteners was more difficult due to their frequent shifts in attention. A pilot study combining GPS and accelerometer data showed promise in improving prediction accuracy.
This presentation summarizes the work done in WP6 on navigation and interaction tasks. The main achievements include developing approaches for following a person, approaching a person while respecting their personal space, respectfully observing a person, and allowing remote control of the robot. Additional work involved person tracking, autonomous map building, and a navigation state machine. Future work is outlined for improving the person tracker and developing autonomous 3D mapping capabilities.
Service Kaizen through Lab-forming Field & Field-forming LabKurata Takeshi
Getting both “results” such as POS data and "processes" including spatio-temporal data on human behavior and environmental stimuli and constraints in an actual service field, it makes the field virtually tangible. Such tangibility must be a key driver not only for understanding what happened there and why it happened more comprehensively, but also for predicting what will happen to facilitate service kaizen.
The virtual tangibility can be realized by technologies and methodologies that support the idea of "Lab-forming Field" and "Field-forming Lab" such as IoT (Internet of Things), WoT (Web of Things), and MR (Mixed Reality) encompassing VR (Virtual Reality), AV (Augmented Virtuality), and AR (Augmented Reality).
This talk will present several case studies on service kaizen assisted by this kind of framework while introducing the technologies and methodologies we have developed and applied to the actual cases.
Global Bilateral Symmetry Detection Using Multiscale Mirror HistogramsMohamed Elawady
M. ELAWADY, C. BARAT, C. DUCOTTET and P. COLANTONI
Laboratoire Hubert Curien, Saint-Etienne, FR
Conference "Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems
" 2016
Maria Antonia Brovelli, Carolina Arias Muñoz, Marco Minghini, Giorgio Zamboni.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3xWOhmJOx-_am5Ld3c4dnFPUUE/view
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQ-EdwoPMVQ&feature=youtu.be
1) The study tested how expert users interact with animated versus non-animated maps to understand the narrative of floods impacting a railway network.
2) The results found no significant difference in efficiency between map types, but animated maps influenced user confidence and hesitation. Information retrieval tasks were easier than analyzing causality.
3) Two questions had ambiguous wording, influencing the results. Additionally, question complexity likely had a greater impact than map type.
4) Future work could involve controlling task types by using standardized sets from other domains to improve reproducibility and comparison across studies.
Fault Enhancement Using Spectrally Based Seismic Attributes -- Dewett and Hen...Dustin Dewett
Fault interpretation in seismic data is a critical task that must be completed to thoroughly understand the structural history of the subsurface. The development of similarity-based attributes has allowed geoscientists to effectively filter a seismic data set to highlight discontinuities that are often associated with fault systems. Furthermore, there are numerous workflows that provide, to varying degrees, the ability to enhance this seismic attribute family. We have developed a new method, spectral similarity, to improve the similarity enhancement by integrating spectral decomposition, swarm intelligence, magnitude filtering, and orientated smoothing. In addition, the spectral similarity method has the ability to take any seismic attribute (e.g., similarity, curvature, total energy, coherent energy gradient, reflector rotation, etc.), combine it with the benefits of spectral decomposition, and create an accurate enhancement to similarity attributes. The final result is an increase in the quality of the similarity enhancement over previously used methods, and it can be computed entirely in commercial software packages. Specifically, the spectral similarity method provides a more realistic fault dip, reduction of noise, and removal of the discontinuous “stair-step” pattern common to similarity volumes.
Fast modelling of Airborne EM data using "Smart Interpretation"Torben Bach
When using airborne geophysical measurements in e.g. groundwater mapping, an overwhelming amount of data is collected. Increasingly larger survey areas, denser data collection and limited resources, combines to an increasing problem of building geological models that use all the available data in a manner that is consistent with the geologists knowledge about the geology of the survey area.
In the ERGO project, funded by The Danish National Advanced Technology Foundation, we address this problem, by developing new, usable tools, enabling the geologist utilize her geological knowledge directly in the interpretation of the AEM data, and thereby handle the large amount of data,
In the project we have developed the mathematical basis for capturing geological expertise in a statistical model. Based on this, we have implemented new algorithms that have been operationalized and embedded in user friendly software. In this software, the machine learning algorithm, Smart Interpretation, enables the geologist to use the system as an assistant in the geological modelling process. As the software ‘learns’ the geology from the geologist, the system suggest from new features in the data.
In this presentation we demonstrate the application of the results from the ERGO project, including the proposed modelling workflow utilized on a data example from Gotland, Sweden.
This document provides information about an advanced surveying course. It outlines the course outcomes, which include applying geometric principles to solve surveying problems, using modern instruments to obtain and analyze geo-spatial data, and analyzing geodetic data to perform survey analysis. It also maps the course outcomes to various program outcomes related to engineering knowledge, problem analysis, design/development, investigations, tool usage, and more. Finally, it provides details about the course specification, textbook, assessment structure, units to be covered, and mapping of course to program outcomes.
This document summarizes a lecture on statistical inference and exploratory data analysis. It includes announcements about the class, an overview of the data science workflow and statistical inference. The lecture covers modeling data and uncertainty, populations and samples, probability distributions and fitting models. It concludes with an introduction to exploratory data analysis and an activity to perform EDA in a Jupyter notebook.
Engineering surveying, 5...ition w. schofieldrnkhan
An important book for knowledge of all types of engineering surveys
Engineering Surveying. Sixth Edition. W. Schofield. Former Principal Lecturer, Kingston University. M. Breach. Principal Lecturer, Nottingham Trent University.
This document provides an overview of the fifth edition of the textbook "Engineering Surveying: Theory and Examination Problems for Students" by W. Schofield. It details the contents of the book, acknowledges those who contributed to its creation, and provides brief biographies of the author and publisher. The book covers fundamental surveying concepts and applications for engineering students and professionals.
Our uDirect technology can accurately estimate the facing direction of a mobile phone user, independent of device position and orientation and without any user intervention.
Knowing which way a user is facing can provide valuable information for the provision of mobile services and applications. The proposed technology utilises inertial sensors that are readily available in mobile consumer devices (e.g. smart phones). While providing high accuracy, the solution is able to cope with arbitrary wearing positions and orientations of the mobile consumer device, making it suitable for use in every-day life situations. This is achieved by an estimation of the user orientation with respect to the reference frame of both sensing module, and earth coordinate system.
The document discusses lean philosophy and various aspects of waste. It defines lean as identifying and removing waste from any process. It outlines the seven forms of waste as transportation, waiting, over-processing, defects, inventory, unnecessary movement or motion, and overproduction. The document also discusses topics like value-added activities, the Toyota production system's pursuit of eliminating muda, muri, and mura, and using tools like a value-added matrix to classify activities.
Lesson 22: Optimization II (Section 041 handout)Matthew Leingang
Uncountably many problems in life and nature can be expressed in terms of an optimization principle. We look at the process and find a few more good examples.
Cari2020 Parallel Hybridization for SAT: An Efficient Combination of Search S...Mokhtar SELLAMI
This document summarizes a research paper on parallel hybridization techniques for solving Boolean satisfiability problems. It describes combining search space splitting and portfolio approaches to leverage their strengths while avoiding weaknesses. Experimental results on hard SAT instances showed the proposed approach solved more problems faster than a baseline portfolio solver. Future work could investigate optimizing parameters like the "jump factor" and addressing unsatisfiable instances.
Geotecs: Exploiting Geographical, temporal, categorical, and social context f...rameshraj
The document proposes a personalized point of interest (POI) recommendation model called GeoTeCS that exploits geographical, temporal, categorical, and social aspects of location-based social network (LBSN) data. GeoTeCS utilizes matrix factorization to map user-location check-in data to latent spaces that incorporate influences from these four aspects. Evaluation on two LBSN datasets shows GeoTeCS achieves better performance than other models in terms of precision, recall, and F-score. Future work could explore fusing additional aspects and context-based location recommendation.
Similar to Gautier Laurent - Implicit Modelling and volume deformation (20)
Lutz Gross of the University of Queensland describes running geophysical inversion using e-script, an open source package based on PDEs and python. Other examples of what e-script can do are also shown, such as diffusion calculations, mantle convection, flow in porous media, seismo-electrics and much more!
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Gautier Laurent - Implicit Modelling and volume deformation
1. 0/31
Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
CONTROLLING FOLDS WITH AN
IMPLICIT MODELLING APPROACH
AND
RIGID ELEMENT METHOD FOR GEOLOGICAL
STRUCTURAL MODELLING
Gautier Laurent
Laurent Aillères
Lachlan Grose
Guillaume Caumon
Monash
GeoRessources
2. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Expert-driven approach
Sparse Data
Qualitative Models
Modelling Geological Structures
The modeller’s approach:
• Honour data
• One state = current state
The geologist’s approach:
• Geological scenario
• Multiple phases
Approaches to GeomodellingIntroduction
1/31
Data
(current state)
time
Geological structures
(current state) Geological scenario
Tectonics / kinematics concepts
Need to reconcile these
two approaches
Data-driven approach
Lots of Data
Quantitative Models
Part I: Provide tools to implement interactive Deformation Events
Part II: Better integrate Structural Data for Folding
3. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Interactive deformation tool
ReedPart I
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Part I
-
Rigid Element Embedding Deformation
4. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Deformation algorithm for Geomodelling
ReedPart I
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Our specifications:Usage:
Physical Consistency: looks like natural
deformations
Interactive: fast and handy
Robustness: don’t break during computation
Adapted Scale: don’t loose details but don’t
compute too finely
Parsimony: limited number of parameters
Why?
1. Rely more on geologist interpretation
2. Allow easier automation
3. Ease meshing problems
4. And we don’t have enough information
anyway…
Editing
Forward modelling
Restoration
5. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Another world of deformation tools
Computer Graphics:
• Physically-based deformable models
• Extensive literature with active research
• Eg. Adaptive space deformations based on rigid cells [Botsch et al, 2007]
Transfer to Geosciences [Laurent, 2013]
ReedPart I
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Eg. [Nealen et al., 2006]
Rigid
Element
Embedding
Deformation
eed
6. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Reed in Geosciences [Laurent, 2013]
Using this interactive tool in Geoscience:
• Dynamic editing of Folding structures
ReedPart I
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7. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
How does Reed work?
Four main steps:
ReedPart I
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Object to be deformed
Deformation tool
Reed
1: Encapsulation in
Rigid Elements
Cost
Function0 1
3: Deformation computation
= Optimisation of a cost function
4: Displacement
Interpolation
Deformed object
2: Define Boundary Conditions
8. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Cost function
Neighbourhood constraint:
• Minimise difference of displacement
• Integrated over element’s volume
ReedPart I
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Ri
Ti
Rj
Tj
x
Dij
ci cj
9. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Displacement interpolation
The displacement of the rigid elements is
• Interpolated on the embedded objects
• Only once at the end (performance)
• Locate each point to deform
• Compute displacement for each element
• Combine linearly
ReedPart I
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10. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
A more complete example [Laurent, 2013]
Deformation history modelling (as in Noddy [Jessell and Valenta, 1996])
ReedPart I
9/31
11. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
A more complete example [Laurent, 2013]
ReedPart I
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12. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
A more complete example [Laurent, 2013]
Parameters:
• Shortening
• Axial surfaces
• Amplitude
ReedPart I
11/31
13. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
A more complete example [Laurent, 2013]
ReedPart I
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14. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Reed Pros and Cons
ReedPart I
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Cons:
• Some missing behaviours
(eg. No Poisson effect)
• No Faults…
Pros:
• Interative
• Space Deformation
• Robust to extreme deformation
• Good approximation of flexural
behaviour
until now!
[Molino et al., 2004]
Question: How to introduce faults in Reed?
Any lead in Computer Graphics?
[O’Brien and Hodgins, 1999]
Not really
15. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Requirements:
• Being able to evaluate anywhere in 3D
The “distance” to the fault
The direction towards the fault
Result:
Defining a cost function for faults
ReedPart I
14/31
f = 0
f = 1
f = -1 f = -2
f = 2
f
Init
i
i+1
16. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Implicit Folding
Implicit modelling
Part II
-
Modifying Implicit Methods
To Actually Model Folds
Part II
15/31
17. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Defining the problems
Time:
• 1st event: S0 (stratigraphy)
• 2nd event: F1 (folding)
• … may have more fold interference
Current geometry =
result of complex (multi event) history
Data/ Measurements:
• Bedding observation:
• Stratigraphy
• Position of a contact
• Orientation of a contact
• Other structural observations:
• Hinges and Limbs
• Axial surfaces (+Fold axis)
• Vergence
• Fold type (Similar/parallel)
• Opening, Cylindricity…
ProblemsPart II
16/31
[Hudleston and Treagus, 2010]
Where
Geomodelling
packages
stops.
What we are adding.
18. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Implicit Modelling overview
Stratigraphy Data Control Points + Regularisation term
BasicsPart II
17/31
Stratigraphic value
Orientation
Continuous values
Gradient vary progressively
Stratigraphy
19. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Discrete Implicit Modelling overview
Discretised Region of Interest Mesh
Stratigraphy = piecewise-linear scalar field
How to take fold measurements into account?
How to overcome “constant gradient” limitations?
limits folding and promotes parallel fold style
BasicsPart II
18/31
Stratigraphy
x
x0
v0 x1
v1
x2
v2
f(x) = λi vi
f = T . v
Build a global
system of linear
equations
Solve to build the
scalar field
20. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Geological structures parameterisation
How are geological structures taken into account?
• Faults:
• Described by structural parameters
• Centre, Azimuth, Dip, Slip…
• Locality alter the mesh interpolation
• Fold:
• Result of the smoothing of data
Not really controlled
Proposal:
• Fold structure additional fields:
• Axial surface field F1:
• Related (parallel) to foliation field S1
• Easier to measure (visible in the limbs)
• Relatively consistent over the whole area
• Fold Intensity field:
• Derived from vergence and S0 observation
• Quantitative version of the vergence
• Fold axis field P1:
• Vectorial field to impose non cylindricity
MethodPart II
19/31
Vergence: Hey,
Next antiform is this
way!
21. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Fold Interpolation Process
Interpolate S1
Analyse the vergence to infer the Fold Intensity field
Infer gradient direction:
• Rotation around fold axis direction P1
Interpolate S0
MethodPart II
20/31
S1
Fold intensity
22. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Fold parameter control
Fold centre position
MethodPart II
With classic constraints
21/31
23. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Fold parameter control
Fold centre position
Inter-limb angle
MethodPart II
With classic constraints
22/31
24. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Fold parameter control
Fold centre position
Inter-limb angle
Axial surface orientation
MethodPart II
With classic constraints
23/31
25. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Fold parameter control
Fold centre position
Inter-limb angle
Axial surface orientation
Wavelength
MethodPart II
With classic constraints
24/31
26. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Fold parameter control
Fold centre position
Inter-limb angle
Axial surface orientation
Wavelength
Tightness
MethodPart II
With classic constraints
25/31
27. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Regularisation term
Constant gradient (classic) Parallel Fold
Similar Fold:
• Conservation:
• Normalisation:
MethodPart II
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Z
X
X0
X1
f0
f1
f0X0 . f1 = 0- X1 .
fi = LXi .
28. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
What can we do with that?
Actually simulate folds instead of smoothing stratigraphy.
Eg. Somebody said this is not possible (yet):
• ie. Interpolator smooth the folds.
But with our constraints:
Need to infer fold parameter.
Optimisation/simulation process instead of simple interpolation.
ResultPart II
27/31
29. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
What else can we do?
Fold parameters simulation:
To infer uncertainty related to structural parameters
ResultsPart II
28/31
Measurement-related uncertainty Structural uncertainty
30. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
What else can we do?
Interference patterns:
• Fold is defined by scalar field
Use deformed geometries as S1
Produce a deformed fold
Strategy:
Model latest folds first
Constrain the geometry Fn-1 based on Fn observations
ResultsPart II
29/31
S1 (deformed by F2) S0 (deformed by F1 and F2)
31. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Some 3D…
The formulation is fully 3D so no problem to go in 3D
Implementation in 3D packages to come soon (StructuralLab/Gocad)
ResultsPart II
30/31
32. Dr Gautier Laurent 3D Interest Group Meeting 10th June 2014
Contributions:
Tools to model 3D folded geometries:
• Take advantage of complete structural observations
• Time-aware approaches:
• Reed: simulate deformation sequence
• Implicit Folding: use latest events to constrain previous ones
• Take fully advantage of implicit approaches… and extend them.
Thank you for your attention.
Any questions?
conclusionsConclusion
31/31
Editor's Notes
- merci au jury -> évaluer mes travaux de thèse
- portent sur : (voir titre)