BHEL is India's largest engineering and manufacturing company in the energy sector. It manufactures steam turbines, which convert thermal energy from pressurized steam into rotational mechanical energy. Steam turbines are classified by the action of steam and include impulse, reaction, and combination turbines. They have high and low pressure sections with different sized blades made of materials like stainless steel or nickel alloys. BHEL's manufacturing process involves foundries, forging, and machine shops that produce turbine components like rotors, casings, and blades which are then assembled into complete steam turbines.

1. STEAM TURBINE MANUFACTURING
PPT BY: Gaurav Chauhan

2. BHEL
A
MAHARATNA
COMPANY

3. BHEL is the largest engineering and
manufacturing enterprise in India in the
energy related infrastructure sector today.
BHEL was established more than 55 years
ago.

4. Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
(B.H.E.L.) is the largest engineering and
manufacturing in India.
BHEL caters to core sectors of the Indian
Economy viz., Power Generation's &
Transmission, Industry, Transportation,
Telecommunication, Renewable Energy,
Defense and many more

5. Why
do we need a
turbine
?

7. STEAM TURBINE

8. But,
Before that
We must know
…..
What a
STEAM TURBINE
is
???

10. A STEAM TURBINE is a device that
extracts thermalenergy (chemical energy)
from pressurized steam and uses it to
do mechanical work on a rotating output
shaft.

11. Steam- vaporized water, a transparent gas.
At STP, pure steam (unmixed with air, but
in equilibrium with liquid water) occupies
about 1,600 times the volume of an equal
mass of liquid water.

14. CLASSIFICATION OF
STEAM TURBINE
Classification of steam turbines may be done
as following:
According to action of steam
(a) Impulse turbine eg. Pelton turbine
(b) Reaction turbine eg. Francis turbine
(c) Combination of both eg. Kaplan turbine

15. High pressure turbine
(H.P. Turbine)
High pressure and temperature fluid at the inlet of the
turbine exit as lower pressure and temperature fluid.
The difference is energy converted by the turbine to
mechanical rotational energy, Since the fluid is at a
lower pressure at the exit of the turbine than at the
inlet, it is common to say the fluid has been
“expanded” across the turbine.

16. HIGH PRESSURE TURBINE

17. H.Pturbine blades
• A turbine blade is the individual component which
makes up the turbine section of a gas turbine. The
blades are responsible for extracting energy from the
high temperature, high pressure gas produced by
the combustor.

18. Low Pressure Turbine
• LP turbine is designed to be a dual flow turbine.
Steam enters the center of the turbine from the
crossover pipe and flows across the reaction blading in
two opposite directions. This configuration reduces
axial thrust on the turbine.

19. Low Pressure Turbine

20. Low Pressure Turbine blade
Titanium alloys offer high strength to intermediate
temperatures at a density almost half that of steel and
nickel-based superalloys. As a result, they have been
adopted widely in the fan and compressor stages of
the gas turbine for both disc and blade applications..
• LP blade is larger than HP & IP.

21. INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE TURBINE
• Intermediate pressure turbine having more pressure then L.P
turbine and lass than the high pressure turbine(H.P) . Its blade
is larger than high pressure turbine.

22. Blade of intermediate pressure
turbine
• The size of blades of I.P steam turbine is larger than H.P steam
turbine , but smaller than L.P steam turbine.

23. MATERIALS USED IN TURBINES
BLADE
403 Stainless steel
422 Stainless steel
A-286 (nickel based alloy)
Hayness satellite alloy no. 31 (cobalt based alloy)
Titanium alloy

24. ADVANTAGES OF TURBINE
BLADE
• Ability to utilize high pressure and high temperature steam.
• High efficiency.
• High rotational speed.
• High capacity/weight ratio.
• Smooth, nearly vibration-free operation.
• No internal lubrication.
• Oil free exhausts steam.

25. Now
Steam Turbine
Assembly

26. Turbine Design - Basics

28. Turbine Components - Blades
Impulse
Reaction

29. CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES OF A BLADE
The blade can be divided into 3 parts:
The profile, which converts the thermal energy of steam into
kinetic energy, with a certain efficiency
depending upon the profile shape.
The root, which fixes the blade to the turbine rotor, giving a
proper anchor to the blade, And transmitting
the kinetic energy of the blade to the rotor.
The damping element, which reduces the vibrations which
necessarily occur in the blades.

30. Bhel is generally divided into
two units.
1. HEEP (HEAVY ELECTRICALS EQUIPMENTS
PLANT
2. CFFP (CENTRAL FOUNDARY FORGE PLANT)

31. 3 Sections in CFFP
BLOCKS
1. Foundry
2. Forging
3. Machine Shop

32. BHEL HEEP
SECTIONS OF
BLOCK 3

33. BLOCKS
I)Electrical Machine
II) Fabrication
III) Turbines & Auxiliary
IV) Feeder
V) Fabrication
VI) Fabrication Stamping & Die
Manufacturing
VII) Wood Working
VIII) Heaters & Coolers
8 Blocks in HEEP

34. TURBINE BLADES STAGES

35. ASSEMBLING SECTIONS

36. Turbine – Multiple Sets

37. ROTOR FIXATION

38. BLADES FITTING

39. BEARING SECTION

40. Steam Turbine Casing &
Rotors in Assembly Area

41. THANK
YOU