1. Imaging Department
Fe b 0 5 th
, 20 1 3
Reported by Dr. Giang

2.  Name: Hoang Thi Lan Anh
 Sex: Female
 Age: 5 years old
 Dept: Out patient

3. Clinical
 Cough
 Vomitus cruentus (2 times)
 No fever
 No anemia

4. Chest Xrays
 Oval mass extending over several rib interspaces
 Right side of Dorsal Vertebras. ( D7 - D11)

5. Ultrasound
 Hypoechogenic mass superior to Right Diaphragm.

6. Chest CT Findings
(Pre C+)
 Well-defined Right posterior mediastinal mass
 Oval shape & homogenous density.
 No Calcification or necrosis intra mass

7. Chest CT Findings
(Post C+)
 Mild homogenous enhance
 Compress SVC & Right Lung.
 Rib & vertebra : not invaded.

8. Chest CT Findings
(Post C+, lung parenchyma)
 Right Lung lower lobe: compressed by mass.
 Both Lung parenchyma: normal.

9. Diagnosis
Ganglioneuroma

10. Background of Ganglioneuroma
 Terminology: Sympathetic ganglion tumors in mediastinum. 4 type:
1. Neuroblastoma: Malignant neoplasm of neural crest cells.
o Nonencapsulated
o Heterogeneous: Hemorrhage, necrosis, cystic degeneration
2. Ganglioneuroblastoma : neuroblastoma mature
o More homogeneous in between neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma
3. Ganglioneuroma: ganlioneruroblastoma mature. (benign)
o Encapsulated; homogeneous tissue
4. Paraganglioma : Neuroendocrine tumor of chromaffin cell origin
o Highly vascular
o May produce catecholamines
 Age: Neuroblastoma < 3, Ganglioneuroblastoma 3-10, Ganglioneuroma> 10
 Location: Elongated, vertical posterior mediastinal mass (paraspinal)
 Treatment: Surgical ressection. Chemotherapy, radiationtherapy for advanced
disease.