The document describes the anatomy and structure of the urinary system. It discusses the location, structure and function of the kidneys. It also describes the structure, segmentation and relationships of the ureters, bladder and male urethra. Diagrams are included to illustrate the positions and components of these urinary organs.
The document contains a list of animal names, each followed by repeated text advertising an online English class website. There are over 50 animal names listed in alphabetical order from ant to zebra. The same website and promotional text is displayed under each animal name.
The document describes the anatomy and structure of the urinary system. It discusses the location, structure and function of the kidneys. It also describes the structure, segmentation and relationships of the ureters, bladder and male urethra. Diagrams are included to illustrate the positions and components of these urinary organs.
The document contains a list of animal names, each followed by repeated text advertising an online English class website. There are over 50 animal names listed in alphabetical order from ant to zebra. The same website and promotional text is displayed under each animal name.
This document is the 21st edition of the Access in San Diego Guide, which provides information to help seniors, veterans, locals, and visitors with disabilities access San Diego County. The guide includes information on transportation options, medical services, activities and attractions, restaurants, shopping, and lodging that are accessible. It also provides maps and contact information for visitor centers. The guide is published by the non-profit Accessible San Diego to celebrate its 25th year of providing access information to improve the experience of people with disabilities in San Diego County.
This document discusses fair use and copyright considerations for using works in an online or face-to-face classroom. It outlines the four fair use factors to determine if a use is fair: the character of the use, the nature of the work, the amount of the work used, and the effect on the market. It also lists several references on topics related to copyright, fair use, orphan works, and Creative Commons licenses.
A 5-year-old female presented with coughing and vomiting blood. Imaging showed an oval mass in her right posterior mediastinum compressing her right lung and superior vena cava. CT and ultrasound imaging characterized the mass as well-defined, homogeneous and hypoechoic without calcification or necrosis. She was diagnosed with ganglioneuroma, a benign sympathetic ganglion tumor most common in older children.
Animals become endangered due to hunting by humans, starvation, and disease. Some farm animals and zoo animals like Harold the giraffe are endangered. Kiwis are threatened by dogs, cats, and other imported pets in New Zealand, where they have no natural predators. Tigers are endangered because humans kill them for fur and recreation. Polar bears, kiwis, sharks, and certain birds are listed as endangered species.
Este documento describe las eficientes cadenas de suministro de Zara y Walmart. Zara actualiza su inventario dos veces por semana y cada tienda envía sus ventas diarias para coordinar nuevos pedidos. Su almacén clasifica productos para empaquetar pedidos rápidamente. Walmart usa "Cross Docking" para transferir productos directamente a camiones de entrega sin almacenarlos, ahorrando costos y permitiendo precios bajos. También usa etiquetas RFID para rastrear mercancía y controlar inventario.
Pinnacle Cart eCommerce - Product Demo 2012Craig Fox
Pinnacle Cart is a leading eCommerce platform founded in 2003. It provides a complete ecommerce ecosystem including shopping cart, order management, marketing, and analytics features. Key features include mobile and social storefronts for one price, PCI compliance, easy to use interface, and integration with QuickBooks and Facebook. The platform is designed to help small and medium businesses increase sales through online stores.
Tán sỏi thận qua da và Tán sỏi tiết niệu bằng ống soi mềmBs Đặng Phước Đạt
Nhờ sự phát triển không ngừng của khoa học kỹ thuật, các dụng cụ, trang thiết bị phẫu thuật nội soi trong tiết niệu ngày càng hiện đại và tiện dụng, đi kèm với đó là các nguồn năng lượng để công phá sỏi ngày càng mạnh mẽ hơn và an toàn hơn.
A 9-year-old male presented with abdominal pain and fever. Imaging showed a large cyst in the spleen. CT and ultrasound findings were consistent with an epidermoid cyst based on the solitary, well-defined mass with thin walls and septations, fluid density, and lack of enhancement or calcification. Differential diagnoses included splenic cyst from prior trauma, lymphangioma, or abscess, but features were most consistent with a congenital epidermoid cyst.
1) The document reports on MRI findings for two patients. For the first patient, a 5-year-old boy, the MRI found bilateral schizencephaly and corpus callosum hypoplasia.
2) For the second patient, a 15-month-old boy with a history of subarachnoid hematoma, the MRI found a giant saccular aneurysm of the left middle cerebral artery and posterior communicating artery that had hemorrhaged and thrombosed, leading to hypoplasia of the left middle cerebral artery and left fronto-temporal lobe.
3) The document also provides background information on schizencephaly, describing it as clefts in the brain paren
This report describes a 22-month old female patient presenting with an abdominal tumor. CT scans revealed a large heterogeneous mass arising from the left suprarenal region, measuring 122x120x82mm with areas of necrosis, calcification and hypodensity in the liver. The mass enhanced heterogeneously, surrounded and engulfed nearby blood vessels. No lung or bone metastases were seen. The diagnosis was neuroblastoma with liver metastases, a type of childhood cancer that most commonly arises in the adrenal gland.
A 5-year-old male presented with a 1 month history of headache and vomiting. Imaging showed a hyperintense solid mass in the fourth ventricle with surrounding edema and hydrocephalus. MRI revealed a heterogeneous mass in the posterior fossa filling the fourth ventricle and invading the vermis, with areas of necrosis and decreased diffusion. The mass strongly enhanced with contrast. Based on these findings, the diagnosis was medulloblastoma, a highly malignant pediatric brain tumor originating in the cerebellum.
A 4-year-old male presented with abdominal pain, mild fever, vomiting and a palpable abdominal mass. An MRI revealed a large cystic mass in the abdomen measuring 12.5 x 5.8 cm. The mass displayed multiseptations and compressed nearby bowel loops. A diagnosis of mesenteric cystic lymphangioma was made based on imaging and clinical findings. Mesenteric cystic lymphangioma is a rare cyst arising in the mesentery, most often seen in children and young adults. Surgical excision is typically the treatment with a good prognosis.
This document summarizes medical imaging findings and provides a diagnosis for an 8 month old female patient presenting with high fever, cough, and wheezing. Chest x-ray and CT scans revealed a large heterogeneous mass in the left upper lobe filling and compressing the lung, with associated pleural effusion. Based on these findings and the patient's young age, the diagnosis was determined to be a type II pleuro-pulmonary blastoma, a rare and aggressive malignant tumor of the pleural lung mesenchyme occurring in early childhood. Differential diagnoses including rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma were considered and ruled out.
A 4-year-old female presented with visual disturbance and headache. An MRI found a 22x24x34mm suprasellar and intrasellar mass with cystic and solid parts, including calcification. The mass displaced the chiasm and enlarged and compressed the sella turcica. Post-contrast imaging showed heterogeneous enhancement of the solid portion and strong enhancement of the cyst wall. The diagnosis was craniopharyngioma, a benign epithelial tumor arising from the pituitary gland that is most common in children aged 8-12 and typically appears cystic with calcification and enhancement of the cyst wall on imaging.
This imaging report summarizes the findings of a CT scan for a 10-year-old boy who was in a traffic accident 2 weeks prior and was experiencing abdominal pain and vomiting. The CT scan showed evidence of grade 2-3 pancreatic injury and grade 2-3 duodenal injury, though ductal injuries could not be confirmed. There was also possible active bleeding from the superior mesenteric vein. The report provides background on pancreatic and duodenal trauma, outlines the imaging protocols and findings, and describes the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma classification system for pancreatic and duodenal injuries.
Biliary atresia is a condition where the bile ducts outside and inside the liver are damaged, leading to cirrhosis and liver failure. It is characterized by obstruction of the extrahepatic bile ducts. The primary treatment is surgical. Diagnosis involves ultrasound to detect gallbladder abnormalities and the triangular cord sign near the portal vein, hepatobiliary scintigraphy to check for bile excretion, and cholangiography to directly image the bile ducts. The definitive treatment is a Kasai portoenterostomy surgery in infants under 3 months of age.
This document discusses myelin and its development and appearance on MRI scans. It begins by defining myelin as the insulating phospholipid layer surrounding neuron axons, produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the PNS. Myelin is 80% lipid and 20% protein. It wraps around axons to increase impulse propagation speed.
Normal myelination progresses from caudal to cephalad, dorsal to ventral, and central to peripheral areas of the brain. On MRI, myelinated white matter appears hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hypointense on T2-weighted images. The document then outlines the typical timing and appearance of myelination in various brain structures from
This report discusses imaging findings for a 19-month-old female patient being evaluated for a suspected lung abscess. The imaging shows a hiatal hernia where part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm. Specifically, it appears to be a paraesophageal type hernia where the gastroesophageal junction remains in the normal position but part of the stomach herniates into the chest. The report further describes the diagnosis and types of diaphragmatic and hiatal hernias seen on various imaging modalities like ultrasound, chest radiograph, CT and MRI.
1. Congenital neck masses are abnormal growths present from birth between the clavicles and mandible. The most common congenital neck mass is a thyroglossal cyst, which forms from a persistent thyroglossal duct during development.
2. Other congenital neck masses include branchial cysts, dermoid cysts, cystic hygromas, hamartomas, and teratomas.
3. Evaluation of congenital neck masses involves inspection, imaging like ultrasound or CT to determine if the mass is solid or cystic in nature, and biopsy if needed to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. Surgical excision is usually the treatment for congenital neck masses.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides biochemical information about metabolites in tissues. It differs from MRI in that it analyzes spectra rather than anatomy. Common nuclei analyzed include hydrogen (proton MRS), which is most common. MRS can detect metabolites like N-acetylaspartate, creatine, choline, myoinositol, and lactate. Abnormal levels of these metabolites can indicate conditions like tumors, infections, demyelination, and more. MRS is used to study many neurological diseases and assess treatment response. It provides a non-invasive way to analyze brain chemistry.
28. Bất thường giải phẫu
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