Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer who played a major role in the scientific revolution. Some of his key accomplishments included improving the telescope and making several important astronomical observations such as the phases of Venus, the moons of Jupiter, and sunspots. He also discovered that the speed of falling objects is independent of their mass, disproving Aristotle's theories. Through his work, Galileo helped sweep away the Earth-centered view of the universe and establish the heliocentric model. He faced opposition from the Catholic Church for his scientific findings but remains one of the most influential scientists in history.

1. WELCOME

2. “ HE IS THE FATHER OF MODERN SCIENCE “- ALBERT EINSTIEN
And he is
gaLiLEO gaLiLEi
Presented by
JIMIL BABY
Physical Science.
37

3. CONTENT
FaMiLY
CHiLD HOOD
EDUCaTiON
PROFESSiON
DEaTH
QUOTES DiSCOVERiES
iNVENTiONS

4. FAMILY
BIRTH DAY : 15 FEBRUARY 1564
BIRTH PLACE : PISA ,
ITALY
FATHER : VINCENZO
GALILEI
MOTHER : GIULIA
“ FATHEROF MODERNOBSERVATIONAL ASTRONOMY”

5. EDUCATION
 PUBLIC SCHOOL , PISA (1569-1574)
 FATHER WANTED HIM TO STUDY MEDICINE
 AT THE AGE OF 11 ,GOT SENT OFF TO A JESUIT MONASTERY
 AT THE AGE 15 , WANTED TO BECOME A MONK , BUT
FATHER DISAGREED SO HE TOOK HIM OUT OF THE
MONASTERY
 AT THE AGE 17 , ENTERED PISA UNIVERSITY TO STUDY
MEDICINE
“ FATHEROF MODERNPHYSICS”

6. PROFESSION
PHYSICIST MATHEMATICIAN
ASTRONOMER PHILISOPHER
HE HAD ALSO STUDIED
IN MEDICINE
“ FATHEROF SCIENCE”

7. INVENTIONS
 1593 - THERMOMETER
 1597 – COMPASS
 1609 – TELESCOPE
 1641 – PENDULAM CLOCK

8. THERMOMETER
 IN 1593 GALILEO INVENT
THERMOMETER
 FIRST THERMOMETER IN
THE WORLD
 PEOPLE NEEDED A WAY TO
TELL THE TEMPERATURE INSIDE
OR OUTSIDE

9.  GALILEO’S FIRST INVENTION WAS
THE THERMOMETER
OBJECTS IN THE SEALED GLASS
CHANGE THEIR POSITION
DEPENDING ON TEMPERATURE
 BUILT BECAUSE THERE
WERE NOTHING THAT COULD
TELL THE TEMPERATURE

10. COMPASS
 INVENTED AND IMPROVED A GEOMETRIC AND
MILITARY COMPASS
 IN 1597 , HE BUILT A COMPASS
USED FOR AIMING
CANNONBALLS
 IT WAS ALSO ADAPTED FOR
CIVILIAN USE IN LAND SURVEYING
 CREATED TO HELP HIS STUDENTS LEARN
 CAN SOLVE ANY MATHEMATICAL AND GEOMETRICAL QUESTIONS

11. TELESCOPE
WHO INVENTED TELESCOPE ?
 THE TERRESTRIAL VERSION OF TELESCOPE WAS
FIRST INVENTED IN NETHERLANDS
 BY THE SCIENTISTS HANS LIPPERSHEY ,
ZACHARIAS JANSSEN AND JACOB METIUS
then , What were the contributions
of Galileo with the Telescope ?

12. TELESCOPE
 TELESCOPE (GREEK) MEANS “ FAR SEEING”
 THOUGH GALILEO DIDIN’T INVENT THE
TELESCOPE, HE IMPROVED UPON IT
 IN 1609 , GALILEO INVENTED HIS FIRST
TELESCOPE
 HE IMPROVED UPON THE PREVIOUS
TERRESTRIAL TELESCOPES IN 1609
 FIRST TELESCOPE THAT POINT TOWARDS
THE NIGHT SKY Galileo’s telescope

13. GALILEO’S TELESCOPEconsists with
ONE - AND – A HALF INCH LENS
FEW FEET LONG SIMPLE WOODEN TUBES
MAGNIFIES 3 TIMES MORE THAN THE PREVIOS TELESCOPE .
LATER GALILEO’S TELESCOPE MAGNIFIES 20 TIMES
 WITH THIS ,
GALILEO SEE THE
THE MOON , 4
SATELLITE
SUPERNOVA ,
THE PHASES
OF VENUS
AND SUNSPOTS

14. Schematic diagram of Galileo’s
Telescope

15. PENDULAM CLOCK
 NEAR THE YEAR 1641 ,GALILEO GAVE THE IDEA ABOUT
PENDULAM CLOCK
 IN 1602 ,HE MADE AN IMPORTANT DISCOVERY,
THAT IS , THE TIME PERIOD OF PENDULAM DOES
NOT DEPEND ON THE ARC OF THE SWING
 DISCOVERED THE THEORY OF ISOCHRONISM
 CLOCK WITH WEIGHT TO KEEPS ITS TIMING
 ACTUALLY CHRISTIAN HYGENS MADE THE FIRST
PENDULAM CLOCK, A YEAR AFTER GALILEO’S
DEATH

16. SHCEMATIC DIAGRAM OF A PENDULAM

17. DISCOVERIES
1.MAPPING THE MOON
MOON’S SURFACE WAS NOT A SMOOTH , POLISHED
SPHERE BUT WAS SCARRED BY CRATERS AND
MOUNTAINS
PHASES OF MOON SURFACE OF MOON

18. 2. THE PHASES OF VENUS
 IT IS THE CHANGING SIZES AND SHAPES OR
PHASES OF VENUS
 BY OBSERVING THIS CHANGES GALILEO
PROVES THAT , VENUS IS ORBITING AROUND THE
SUN , NOT THE EARTH
 IF VENUS ORBITED THE SUN , THEN IT DIDIN’T
ORBIT EARTH , AND THUS THE GEOCENTRIC
MODEL WAS WRONG

19. PHASES OF VENUS OBSERVED BY GALILEO

20. 3. GALILEAN MOONS – FOUR LARGEST SATELLITE OF
JUPITAR
these moons are so called because , this satellites
are first observed by GALILEO

21. 4. OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS OF
SUNSPOTS
Sunspots are the small dark spots
on the surface of sun

22. 5. GLIMPSED THE RINGS OF SATURN
RINGS OF SATURN ARE GLIMPSED

23. GALILEO’S ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATIONS
 PROVED THAT EARTH WAS NOT THE CENTRE
OF UNIVERSE
 MILKY WAY WAS MADE UP OF MULTITUDES
OF INDIVIDUAL STARS
 SWEPT AWAY THE OLD EARTH CENTERED
VIEW OF THE UNIVERSE
 PLANETS ARE NOT THE DOTS OF LIGHT. THEY
ARE PHYSICAL BODIES LIKE EARTH
THESE ARE MADE US TO KNOW MORE ABOUT THE SOLAR
SYSTEM , MAKING SPACE TRAVEL POSSIBLE. IT HAS HELPED SCIENTISTS
TODAY , TO TRY AND FIND PLANETS THAT COULD SUSTAIN LIFE

24. 5. LAW OF FALLING BODIES
-”GRAVITY”
LAW STATES THAT “OBJECTS OF DIFFERENT WEIGHTS
WILL FALL AT THE SAME SPEED”
 DISPROVED ARISTOTLE’S THEORY
 SPEED OF FREELY FALLING BODY TOWARDS
EARTH DOES NOT DEPEND ON THE MASS OF
THE OBJECT
 AN OBJECT IS IN FREE FALL, IF THE ONLY
FORCE ACTING ON IT IS GRAVITY
 ACCELARATION DUE TO GRAVITY

25. A GREAT MAN
GALILEO GALILI DIED ON JANUVARY 8 ,
1642 AT THE AGE OF 77

26. QUOTES
 “TWO TRUTHS CANNOT CONTRADICT
ONE ANOTHER”
 “MATHEMATICS IS THE ALPHABET
WITH WHICH GOD HAS WRITTEN THE
UNIVERSE”
 “WE CANNOT TEACH PEOPLE
ANYTHING; WE CAN ONLY HELP THEM
DISCOVER IT WITHIN THEMSELVES’
 “I HAD NEVER MET A MAN SO
IGNORANT THAT I COULDN’T LEARN

27. THANK YOU