1. Universal Power Converter for Wind fed
Induction Generator and Solar PV
Bilal Mustafa BSEE01113037
Khawaja Mohtisham Ali BSEE01113181
Zohaib Hassan BSEE01113034
Advisor :Hafiz Tahzeeb-ul-Hassan

2. Average Annual World Energy Growth
Rates by Source [1]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Wind
Solar
Geothermal Hydro Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Coal
Biodiesel
27.9
35.3
22.1
2.3
1.1 2.4
0.7
3.9
38.6

3. Solar Photovoltaic array
• Solar panels arranged in a group to capture maximum amount
of sun light to convert it into useable electricity.[2]
• Series or parallel combination
Solar Cell
Solar Module
Solar Panel
Solar Array

4. Wind Turbine
• A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from
the wind into electrical power.
• Types of wind turbine[3]

5. Storage Device
• A storage device consisting of two or more electrochemical
cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical
energy.[4]
• Types

6. Timeline of Work
Work Done Date
Literature Review 05-11-14
Implementation of Solar Photovoltaic array 05-01-15
Implementation of Wind fed Induction Generator 03-02-15
Implementation of Rectifier 26-03-15
Implementation of inverter 10-04-15
Implementation of Battery 20-04-15
Implementation of Controller 10-05-15
Integration of all Modules 25-05-15

7. Report on Visit of Solar PV System
Installed in New Campus
Total Number of Solar Panels used 1564
Total Number of Inverters used 17
Number of Solar Panels on each Inverter 92
Output DC Voltage of each Panel 30.7V
Output Current of each Panel 8.5A
Actual Power Output of each Inverter 20KW
Efficiency of each Inverter 83.3%
Number of Modules in each Inverter 4
Overall Power Output of System 340kW

8. Schematic Diagram

9. Mathematical Model and
MATLAB Simulation

10. Modeling of Wind Turbine
• Conversion of wind speed in to mechanical power[5]
Pm = Cp λ, β
ρA
2
Vwind
3
• 𝐶 𝑝 𝜆, 𝛽 is based on the turbine characteristics
• This mechanical power is converted to electrical energy by the induction
generator

11. Implementation of Wind Fed Generator

12. Modeling of Solar Photovoltaic Cell
The module photo-current[6]
𝐼 𝑝ℎ = 𝐼𝑠𝑐 𝑟
+ 𝐾𝑖 𝑇 − 298 ×
𝜆
1000
[4]

13. Reverse saturation current[6]
𝐼𝑟𝑠 = 𝐼𝑠𝑐 𝑟
/[exp
𝑞𝑉𝑜𝑐
𝑁𝑠 𝐾𝐴𝑇
− 1]

14. Cont.…
• The module Saturation current[6]
𝐼0 = 𝐼𝑟𝑠 [𝑇/𝑇𝑟]3 exp
𝑞 ∗ 𝐸𝑔0
𝐵𝐾
1
𝑇𝑟
−
1
𝑇

15. The current output of PV module [6]
𝐼 𝑝𝑣 = 𝑁𝑝 × 𝐼 𝑝ℎ − 𝑁 𝑝 × 𝐼 𝑜 exp
𝑞×(𝑉 𝑝𝑣+𝐼 𝑝𝑣 𝑅 𝑆
)
𝑁 𝑠 𝐴𝑘𝑇
− 1

16. Implementation of Solar Photovoltaic Cell

17. Mathematical Modeling of Storage device
• Discharge model (𝑖∗ > 0)[7]
𝑓1 𝑖𝑡, 𝑖∗
, 𝑖, 𝐸𝑥𝑝 = 𝐸0 − 𝐾.
𝑄
𝑄 − 𝑖𝑡
𝑖∗
− 𝐾.
𝑄
𝑄 − 𝑖𝑡
. 𝑖𝑡 + 𝐿𝑎𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒−1
𝐸𝑥𝑝 𝑠
𝑆𝑒𝑙 𝑠
. 0

18. Charge Model 𝑖∗ < 0 [6]
𝑓2 𝑖𝑡, 𝑖∗
, 𝑖, 𝐸𝑥𝑝 = 𝐸0 − 𝐾.
𝑄
𝑖𝑡 + 0.1𝑄
𝑖∗
− 𝐾.
𝑄
𝑄 − 𝑖𝑡
. 𝑖𝑡 + 𝐿𝑎𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒−1
𝐸𝑥𝑝 𝑠
𝑆𝑒𝑙 𝑠
.
1
𝑠

19. Internal design of storage device

20. Controller
• Economic Dispatch Theory
Economic dispatch has a common, general meaning that the practice of
operating a coordinated system so that the lowest cost generators are
used as much as possible to meet demand.
The controller which we designed to manage our sources satisfied
following equations.[8]
561+7.92𝑃𝑤 +0.001562𝑃𝑤
2
310+7.85𝑃𝑠 + 0.00194𝑃𝑠
2
78+7.97𝑃𝑏 + 0.00482𝑃𝑏
2

21. Implementation of controller

22. MATLAB Model

23. Solar Photovoltaic

24. Wind Fed Generator

25. Storage Device

26. Inverter[9]

27. Integrated System

28. Simulation Results

29. Inverter
• Output Waveform without LC filter

30. Output Waveform with LC Filter

31. Solar Module
Output

32. Voltage and Current across the load

33. Wind Fed Generator
Output of generator at rated load

34. Rectifier
Waveform of rectified voltage

35. Storage Device
Voltage and current across the load connected to battery.

36. Conclusion
• Hybrid system is designed for solar and wind energy.
• Solar energy is produced from photovoltaic cells gives direct
current(DC) output.
• DC output feed the battery as well as connected to inverter
for AC load.
• Wind energy gives alternating current(AC) output.
• Energy storage device is used for the feeding the load in the
absence of renewable resources.
• In the scope of this project a hybrid system designed to serve
the load using renewable resources.

37. References
[1] Earth policy institute Climate, energy and transportation, world cumulative wind turbine
installations [online]. Available at: http://www.earth-policy.org. Accessed on 25 Mar 20132.
Islam MR, Guo YG, Zhu JG (2012) 11-kV series-connected H-bridge multilevel converter for
direct grid connection of renewable energy systems. J Int Conf Elec Mach Syst 1(2):211–
219
[2] Miro Zeman, " Introduction to solar electricity," in SOLAR CELLS, TU Delft, pp. 1.1- 1.13.
[3] People.bu.edu,. 'Coherent Application Threads (CATS)'. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Jan. 2015.
[4] D. Linden and T. B. Reddy, "Handbook of batteries", 3rd ed. New York: McGraw -Hill
Education, 2002, ISBN: 978-0-07-135978-8.
[5] Mathworks.com,. 'Implement Model Of Variable Pitch Wind Turbine - Simulink'. N.p.,
2015. Web. 25 Feb. 2015.
[6]'Mathematical Modeling Of Photovoltaic Module With Simulink'. International Conference
on Electrical Energy Systems (2011): 314-319. Web.
[7] Mathworks.com,. 'Implement Generic Battery Model - Simulink'. N.p., 2015. Web. 25
Jan. 2015.
[8] Wood, Allen J, and Bruce F Wallenberg. Power Generation, Operation, And Control. New
York: Wiley, 1984. Print.
[9] Muhammad H.Rashid. Power Electronics Circuits, Devices And Applications. 3rd ed.
India: Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd 2004.pp.191.pp406