using economizers to save energy in a thermal power plant. hope it's helpful also it includes design thinking lab topics .

1. Design
Thinking
Laboratory
Thermal Power
Plant

2. ● Aditi ause - 103003
● Chandreyee- 103004
● Tanvi- 103009
● Shreya-103014

3. Contents
Brainstorming
Problem Statements
Need Identification
Concept Generation and
Evaluation
Product Architecture
Design for X
Detailed Design

4. Brainstorming
Brainstorming is one of the most creative ways of problem-solving in which we work on ideas. We can either come up with a
new idea or build on an existing idea as well. Since there is no rule of thumb in brainstorming, it can be applied individually
or in a group.
Area Selection
For our project, we have selected ‘Energy Sources’ as our topic. Specifically, ‘Energy Consumption in a Coal-fired Thermal
Power Plant.’
What motivated us to take this as our area?
Since saving energy is our main aim, our first priority is to reduce the energy consumption of the thermal power plant. When
energy is saved, we will be able to save the resources as well as the money. And the money hence saved can be used for
development purposes.

5. Problem Statements
1. Coal is a nonrenewable resource which will get exhausted one day and it takes millions of years for the formation of coal, hence the
resource wouldn't be found in abundance
2. Overall energy efficiency of thermal power plant is low.
3. Mining destruction (to extract coal) - Improper maintenance and inadequate monitoring of mining activities led to numerous and
immeasurable resource loss
4. Generation of millions of tons of waste. Millions of tons of waste products which can no longer be reused are generated from coal fired
plants. Aside from the fact that these waste products contribute to waste disposal problems, these also contain harmful substances.
5. Economic entities of coal mining.
6. Health of the workers as they are working in a fatal environment.
7. Cyber security is also a problem as in today's generations everything is computerized.
8. Transportation of fuel is one of the major difficulties for the plants located away from coal fields.

6. Needs Identification
● 1.Good crushed coal blending machine
● 2.Dust suppression system
● 3.Corrosion proof insulated steam pipes
● 4.Heat recovery system
● 5.Fire suppression system
● 6.Dry high-moisture coal before combustion
● 7. Regular cleaning and maintenance of condenser
● 8. Prevent valve leakage
● 9. Coal should be completely burned

7. Concept Generation and Evaluation
Solution 1: Extract heat from the exhaust to
preheat the water
Solution 2: Using less ash coal content
Solution 3: using insulated and corrosion
proof pipes
Solution 4: using flat belt conveyors
Aditi-A
Chandreyee-C
Tanvi-T
Shreya-S
Marks solution 1 solution 2 solution 3 solution 4
Eco-friendly 10 C-9, A-9,T-9,S-10 C-9,A-9,T-8,S-7 C-9,A-9,T-8,S-10 C-7,A-7,T-7,S-6
Feasibility 15 C-15, A-13,T-13,S-14 C-10,A-11,T-10,S-12 C-14,A-14,T-13,S-13 C-13,A-13,T-12,S-13
Productivity 25 C-23,A-23,T-23,S-22 C-15,A-11,T-12,S-17 C-20,A-22,T-21,S-20 C-24,A-24,T-23,S-22
Sustainability 5 C-5,A-5,T-5,S-4 C-4,A-3.5,T-3,S-2 C-5,A-4,T-4,S-4 C-2.5,A-3,T-3,S-2
Beneficial to the society 5 C-5,A-5,T-5,S-5 C-5,A-4,T-4,S-3 C-4,A-5,T-4,S-4 C-2,A-2,T-2,S-2
Saves energy 25 C-24,A-24,T-24,S-25 C-20,A-21,T-20,S-19 C-23,A-23,T-21,S-20 C-19,A-16,T-17,S-15
Economic 15 C-12,A-13,T-14,S-13 C-10,A-10,T-10,S-9 C-11,A-12,T-11,S-12 C-13,A-14,T-12,S-13
Total 100 C-93,A-92,T-93,S-93 C-73,A-69.5,T-67,S-69 C-86,A-89,T-82,S-83 C-80.5,A-79,T-76,S-73
Mean value 100 92.75 69.625 85 77.125
Percentage 92.75% 69.63% 85% 77.13%

8. Product
Architecture

9. Heat recovery system
To save energy and make the power plant more
efficient, we can make use of an air recuperator.
It allows the cold pumped air to be heated with
the help of exhaust heat. This, in turn, saves on
the heating and ventilation engineering system
as it reduces the heating load on the supply air
heating.
Thus, it will help us extract the heat from the
exhaust which we can later use to preheat the
water.
Good quality coal
We must try and reduce the ash content of coal.
The ash content of raw coal obtained from
nearest thermal power by using hydrochloric
acid, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide.
We can also use Anthracite. It has the highest
carbon content, the fewest impurities, and the
highest energy density of all types of coal and is
the highest ranking of coals.
Maintenance
We must try to manage the maintenance of the
power plant while staying under a budget. It is
essential both to ensure the safety of personnel
at the plant and to keep all the assets and
infrastructure in good working order.
We need to clean all the pipes of the boiler
regularly to get rid of scales and sludges, run an
energy audit regularly and install new technology
machines and equipment
DESIGN FOR X
Design for X is a methodology that works towards improving processes in a specific field (X) like manufacturing, power, variability, cost, yield, or
reliability. We adopted a 3 step approach:

10. As a type of thermal power station, a coal-fired power station converts chemical
energy stored in coal successively into thermal energy, mechanical energy and,
finally, electrical energy.
The following processes takes place in the plant:
● Fuel processing
● Boiler operation
● Ash disposal
● Fly ash collection
● Bottom ash collection and disposal
DETAIL DESIGN
1 – Boiler 7 – Cooling water pipes 13 – Start-up diesel
2 – Turbine 8 – Deaeration 14 – Store room
3 – Generator 9 – Feedwater tank 15 - Office
4 – Condenser 10 – Boiler feed pumps 16 – Turbine room crane
5 – Switchgear 11 – Steam manifold
6 – Transformers 12 – Water treatment

11. Thank you!