This document provides an introduction to information and communication technology (ICT). It discusses how ICT has become an important part of modern society and is used across many fields like education, banking, transportation, medicine, and engineering. It then provides an overview of computers, including their basic parts and anatomy. It describes how computers process and store data accurately and quickly. Finally, it explains that computers need instructions in the form of software and input from users to perform tasks and produce output.

1. By - Leesha leshi.

2. table of contents
Introduction to ICT
………………………………………..
01
Present role of ICT in the Society
………………………………………..
02
Introduction to Computers
………………………………………..
03
Basic Parts of the Computer
………………………………………..
04
Data processing
………………………………………..
05
Basic Anatomy of a Computer
………………………………………..
06
The Characteristics of a Computer
………………………………………..
07
How Computer Works
…………………………………….....
08
<<<previous

3. 1. Introduction to ICT
 The present age is referred to as the information age as most people’s
lives depend on information technology. A lot of people work on
computer related fields and computers affect everybody in one way or
the other. Communication too is becoming an integral part of
information technology. Information technology (IT) is now being
replaced by Information Communication Technology. (ICT)
 ICT mean almost anything that new and relevant to communication.
This includes the Internet, Mobile technology, Satellite
Communications and digital Television over cable or areal.
 ICT is a broad subject that will
store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit, or receive information
electronically in a digital form.
<<<previous

4. 2. Present role of ICT in the Society
 Today Computer has become an important part of day-to-
day life. Most human activities take place with aid of ICT. It
gives more effective and speedy solutions to real life
problems. People lead complex lifestyles that that need
most suitable solutions within short time.
Education



Learning
Teaching
Educational administration
<<<previous

5. Eg:
Computer Assisted Learning (CAL)
Computer Assisted School Administration
This involves the use of IT to automate activities in
school administration such as keeping records of
students, examination results, normal office work,
communication with other schools via e-mail etc.
<<<previous

6. Accounting and Banking
IT is used automate manual accounting systems such
as general ledger, sales and purchases, stock control
(with point of sales terminal connected to stock data
base) In banking the use Automatic Teller Machine is a
useful application of IT.
<<<previous

7. Transportation
IT is used in transportation by railways and airlines for
reservation of seats, control of traffic and maintaining
time-tables of vehicles and duties of crew. It is in all
fields of air traffic. Every air craft has a small computer
fitted to help pilots in various ways.
<<<previous

8. Medicine
In hospitals special computer are built inside different
equipment. For example CAT scanners (Computer
Axial Tomography) Further maintenance of patient’s
records in electronic databases enhances service
provided to them.
<<<previous

9. Engineering
Engineers use IT to prepares drawings of
machines, tools, bridges, buildings etc. (Computer
Assisted Drawing- CAD). Also computers are used to
control manufacturing of items (Computer Assisted
Manufacture). The use of Robots in industries is
another example.
<<<previous

10. Defense & Security
IT is very useful in tracking down of criminals by
maintenance of their databases. In warfare computers
are used to guide missiles.
<<<previous

11. Entertainment
This basically covers video games, music and movies
played back by computer with multimedia facilities.
Special purpose computer are used in modern hold
appliances like washing machines, microwave
ovens, television sets and video cassette payers etc.
<<<previous

12. 3. Introduction to Computer
COMPUTER is one of the most powerful too ever
designed by man to solve his problems that involve
Computing and Processing Data. A Computer is an
Electronic device designed to accept and store
data, process them and produce meaningful result
under the direction of detailed step by step
instructions. Simply put, a computer is an electronic
machine that helps us solve problems. They can be
problems relating to
Industry, Medicine, Education, Scientific
Research, Law, etc.
<<<previous

13. 4. Basic Part of the Computer
Computer is not a one machine. It is a collection of
device integrated to work as a one system.
<<<previous

14. 5. Data Processing
The primary purpose of Computer Systems in most
businesses today is to transform data in to information
that can be used by people to make decision, se
products, and perform a variety of other activities.
Data can be considered the raw materials. Whether in
paper, electronic, or other form that is processed by
the Computer. In other words, data consists of the raw
facts and figures that are processed in to information.
<<<previous

15. 6. Basic Anatomy of a Computer
The word Anatomy of a Computer means inner
structure of the computer. A computer is an
electronic device which accepts instructions and
data as input, stores these as long required,
processes the data according to instructions and
communicates the results as output.
INPUT
Data and Instructions
OUTPUT
PROCESSING
Results
<<<previous

16. 7.
The Characteristics of a Computer
Speed
Computer have tremendous processing speed.
The speed of the computer is measured in terms
of instructions processed per second. Their speed
is so high that special units are used to speed
determination.
<<<previous

17. Volume
The computer with a high degree of
efficiency can handle large volume of data.
<<<previous

18. Accuracy
The accuracy of a computer is consistently high.
While in the case of human, one could commit
approximately one error 500 – 1000 calculations. A
computer commits no error and has the same
efficiency and reliability with amount of data.
<<<previous

19. Timeline
Information is of no relevance unless received at
the right time. Computers with capabilities of
speed and accuracy have to great extent improved
the timeliness if information.
<<<previous

20. Diligence
Computers do not suffer from stress and strain
and don’t get tried.
<<<previous

21. Storage
Computers today have huge storage capacity that
is of no imit. Data or information can be
permanently stored. The data stored can be
retrieved for use whenever required.
<<<previous

22. 8. How Computer works
A Computer by itself can not do any manipulation, as
it does not have “Brain” or Thinking Power. It has
to therefore be instructed to perform a task and supply
with the necessary information in detailed from in a
“language” which computer can understand. The
instruction that we feed to the computer is the basic
input. This input can be give to the computer through
the input device. These instructions are sent to the
processor sends the result, known as the output. To do
any thing with the computer, we need.
<<<previous

23.  Hard ware
This is the actual machine that includes the
mechanical, electrical and electronic equipment
for example, Key board, Monitor, System unit, etc.
<<<previous

24.  Soft ware
The software of the computer constitutions of
the program and instruction to be executed.
<<<previous

25.  Live ware
All input specifications are given by people.
Every output is sent is people. People do switching
on a computer.
<<<previous

26.  Firm ware
This is the name given to in-built programs
inside.
<<<previous

27. Thanks for watching…
<<<previous
Contents ©
first page ***