Fundamentals of computer
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This document discusses computers and their components. It describes how computers accept data as input, process that data, and produce output. It outlines the characteristics of computers like being automatic, fast, accurate, and able to store large amounts of information. The document then discusses different types of computers and their uses in homes, businesses, education, hospitals and more. It covers the history of computers through five generations defined by their hardware and software technologies. It also provides details about computer components like the central processing unit, memory, storage, and input/output devices. Finally, it discusses computer classification based on working principles, size, and number systems.
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A computer peripheral is a device that is connected to a computer but is not part of the core computer architecture. The core elements of a computer are the central processing unit, power supply, motherboard and the computer case that contains those three components. Technically speaking, everything else is considered a peripheral device. However, this is a somewhat narrow view, since various other elements are required for a computer to actually function, such as a hard.
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FUNDAMENTAL INFORMATION ABOUT COMPUTER
A computer is a programmable machine that accepts data as input, processes that data, and produces output based on programmed instructions. It consists of both hardware and software components. The hardware includes physical parts like the central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, mouse, and other devices. The software includes operating systems and programs. A computer network connects multiple computers together to allow sharing of resources and communication between users.
History, classification and components of computers
A computer is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and manipulates data, and provides output. It has several core components: a central processing unit that executes instructions, memory to store data and programs, input and output devices to enter and display information, and mass storage to permanently save large amounts of data. Computers can be classified based on their size and function, ranging from personal computers for individual use to servers that provide network services to embedded computers inside devices to supercomputers for intensive data processing.
Computer system component breakdown
This document provides an overview of the key components of a computer system. It describes the computer case, motherboard, CPU, RAM, disk controller, hard disk drive, floppy disk drive, video display driver, monitor, input devices like keyboards and mice, modems, printers, and some optional equipment. The motherboard is described as the central nervous system, while the CPU is called the "brains" that processes instructions to perform calculations. RAM is compared to scratch paper for temporary information storage.
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This document provides an overview of computer basics, including:
- Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer like the case, monitor, keyboard. Software refers to programs and instructions that make the hardware work.
- The CPU (central processing unit) is the brain of the computer and contains the arithmetic/logic and control units. RAM (random access memory) is short-term memory the computer uses to run programs.
- The basic process of how a computer works involves inputting data, the CPU processing it using programs stored in memory, and producing an output. Proper care and ergonomics are important for health and safety.
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What are peripheral devices of computer
A computer peripheral is a device that is connected to a computer but is not part of the core computer architecture. The core elements of a computer are the central processing unit, power supply, motherboard and the computer case that contains those three components. Technically speaking, everything else is considered a peripheral device. However, this is a somewhat narrow view, since various other elements are required for a computer to actually function, such as a hard.
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Computers are electronic devices that can perform operations according to instructions called programs. A computer system has four main functional components: input, where data is entered; processing, where the data is manipulated; output, where the results are produced; and storage, where data and programs are kept. While computers are fast, accurate, and versatile with high storage capacity, their weaknesses include a lack of intelligence, decision making ability, and heuristics.
FUNDAMENTAL INFORMATION ABOUT COMPUTER
A computer is a programmable machine that accepts data as input, processes that data, and produces output based on programmed instructions. It consists of both hardware and software components. The hardware includes physical parts like the central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, mouse, and other devices. The software includes operating systems and programs. A computer network connects multiple computers together to allow sharing of resources and communication between users.
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A computer is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and manipulates data, and provides output. It has several core components: a central processing unit that executes instructions, memory to store data and programs, input and output devices to enter and display information, and mass storage to permanently save large amounts of data. Computers can be classified based on their size and function, ranging from personal computers for individual use to servers that provide network services to embedded computers inside devices to supercomputers for intensive data processing.
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This document provides an overview of the key components of a computer system. It describes the computer case, motherboard, CPU, RAM, disk controller, hard disk drive, floppy disk drive, video display driver, monitor, input devices like keyboards and mice, modems, printers, and some optional equipment. The motherboard is described as the central nervous system, while the CPU is called the "brains" that processes instructions to perform calculations. RAM is compared to scratch paper for temporary information storage.
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3. Input and output devices are discussed as facilitating information capture, processing, and presentation between the computer and user.
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This document provides an overview of computers, including their classification, components, and generations. It discusses how computers can be classified based on technology, purpose, function, and size/speed. The main components of a computer are hardware and software. Hardware includes physical parts like input/output devices and storage. Software includes system software, applications, and utilities. The document also outlines the five generations of computers from the first vacuum tube-based generation to the emerging fifth generation focused on artificial intelligence.
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This document provides an overview of computer fundamentals including input devices, output devices, memory devices, pointing devices, hardware, software, and the benefits of computers. Input devices take data and control signals to process information, such as keyboards and mice. Output devices communicate processed information in a human readable form like monitors and printers. Memory devices store data and instructions, with primary storage holding short-term memory and secondary storage storing long-term. Pointing devices allow spatial input through physical gestures. Hardware refers to physical computer components while software represents programs that govern operations. Computers provide benefits like easier research, communication, business, and shopping due to their accuracy, speed, and ability to store retrievable data.
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3. Computer memory comes in different types - cache, primary/main, and secondary - and has a hierarchy from fastest to slowest. Memory is measured in bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gig
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The core of a computer system is the system unit, which houses key components like the motherboard, disk drives, and power supply. The system unit comes in different case types like desktop and tower cases. The most important component inside is the motherboard, which connects all other components like the CPU. The CPU or central processing unit interprets and executes instructions and is the computer's brain. Main memory, like RAM, interacts directly with the CPU millions of times per second to hold active programs and data. Secondary memory, like hard disks, floppy disks, and CDs, is used for long-term storage. Other components include video cards for display, modems for internet connectivity, power supplies, and cables connecting internal
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There are three main components of a computer system:
i) Input/Output Unit which allows the user to interact with the computer through input and output devices.
ii) Central Processing Unit (CPU) which controls and coordinates the operations of the computer by processing input data.
iii) Memory Unit which stores data, instructions, and output during processing.
The document provides details on these three components, describing the input, processing, and output functions of the computer system. It also discusses different types of computers based on size (microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers) and components of computer hardware.
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There are three main components of a computer system:
i) Input/Output Unit which allows the user to interact with the computer through input and output devices.
ii) Central Processing Unit (CPU) which controls and coordinates the operations of the computer by processing input data.
iii) Memory Unit which stores data, instructions, and output during processing.
The document provides details on these three components, describing the input, processing, and output functions of the computer system. It also discusses different types of computers based on size (microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers) and components of computer hardware.
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This document provides an overview of computers, including:
1. It classifies computers into microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers based on their processing ability and speed.
2. It describes hardware as the physical and tangible parts of a computer like motherboards, drives, and peripherals. Software is defined as programs and data that provide instructions.
3. Input and output devices are discussed as facilitating information capture, processing, and presentation between the computer and user.
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A computer is an electronic system that can accept, store, and process data to produce information. It carries out tasks through programs and has capabilities for repetitive processing, self-operation, and decision making. A computer system consists of hardware, software, and peopleware. The hardware includes the system unit with a CPU and memory, as well as input, storage, and output devices. Software includes programming languages, system software, and application software. People are the most important component and use computers for various purposes.
Basic Computer Concepts
A computer is an electronic device that processes data through a series of commands into information and storage. It can perform mathematical and logical operations and process large volumes of data at high speed. A computer system includes the computer hardware, software, and peripheral devices. System software includes the operating system, which conducts communication between hardware components, and utility programs, which perform maintenance tasks. Computer components include internal parts like the microprocessor and motherboard, as well as external parts like the monitor, keyboard, and disk drive. Input devices like keyboards and mice allow data to enter the computer, while output devices like monitors and printers allow data to leave the computer.
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This document provides an overview of computers, including their classification, components, and generations. It discusses how computers can be classified based on technology, purpose, function, and size/speed. The main components of a computer are hardware and software. Hardware includes physical parts like input/output devices and storage. Software includes system software, applications, and utilities. The document also outlines the five generations of computers from the first vacuum tube-based generation to the emerging fifth generation focused on artificial intelligence.
Computer system, devices and peripherals
1. Gather the necessary tools including a screwdriver set, pliers, and allen wrenches.
2. Assemble the toolbox by screwing in handles and hinges using the screwdrivers.
3. Organize the tools inside the toolbox using the pliers and allen wrenches to securely fasten compartments or holders.
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This document provides an overview of computer fundamentals including input devices, output devices, memory devices, pointing devices, hardware, software, and the benefits of computers. Input devices take data and control signals to process information, such as keyboards and mice. Output devices communicate processed information in a human readable form like monitors and printers. Memory devices store data and instructions, with primary storage holding short-term memory and secondary storage storing long-term. Pointing devices allow spatial input through physical gestures. Hardware refers to physical computer components while software represents programs that govern operations. Computers provide benefits like easier research, communication, business, and shopping due to their accuracy, speed, and ability to store retrievable data.
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2. Computers are used for a wide range of applications including business, banking, education, marketing, healthcare, engineering, research, the military, communication, and government. Common business uses include accounting, while banking relies heavily on computers.
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Parts Of The Computer
This is an educational slideshow, teaching young students the names of various pieces of technology equipment.
About the computer
The document discusses the history of various computing components and devices. It describes the abacus as one of the earliest tools used for computation dating back to 2700-2300 BC. It then provides details on key computer components including the central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, mouse, motherboard, computer speakers, printer, and laptop. It also discusses early handheld computing devices.
Peripheral devices
A peripheral device is defined as a computer device, such as a keyboard or printer, that is not part of the essential computer (i.e., the memory and microprocessor). These auxiliary devices are intended to be connected to the computer and used.
↓↓↓↓ Read More:
Watch my videos on snack here: --> --> http://sck.io/x-B1f0Iy
@ Kindly Follow my Instagram Page to discuss about your mental health problems-
-----> https://instagram.com/mentality_streak?utm_medium=copy_link
@ Appreciate my work:
-----> behance.net/burhanahmed1
Thank-you !
ITFT_Peripheral devices
This document provides information about various computer peripheral and network devices. It describes input devices like keyboards, mice, and scanners. It outlines output devices such as monitors, printers, and speakers. Storage devices covered include hard drives, flash drives, CDs/DVDs, and tape. The document also discusses network interface cards, hubs, switches, routers, and servers. It provides brief explanations of modems, data transmission rates, and common network types.
What is computer?
A computer accepts data as input, processes it using programs, and produces output. It has four basic functions: input, processing, output, and storage. Data becomes information after being processed. A computer system has two main components - hardware which are the physical devices, and software which are the programmed instructions. Common hardware includes input devices like keyboards, processing devices like the CPU, output devices like monitors, storage devices like hard drives, and communication devices like modems. System software manages the hardware and allows other programs to run, while application software allows users to perform tasks.
Basic computer hardware and software by Eng sadiqkhalif
Basic computer hardware and software by Eng sadiqkhalif
for more
saaiqcabdiraxmaan050@gmail.com
FB- Eng sadiq khalif
A Presentation on Computer Devices & Peripherals
This presentation provides an overview of the key internal computer devices and peripherals. It discusses the microprocessor, RAM, ROM, graphics card, and USB. It explains that the microprocessor executes programs and includes details about common manufacturers like Intel and AMD. It outlines the differences between RAM and ROM and how they are used. Graphics cards are described as being used to display output on a monitor. Dedicated graphics cards are recommended for higher quality images over integrated graphics. USB is presented as the most commonly used input port.
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The document defines the major hardware components of a personal computer. It describes the monitor, keyboard, mouse, system case, motherboard, main memory, processor, hard disk, floppy disk drive, CD/DVD drive, video/graphics card, sound card, and cable connectors that connect the components. It notes that peripherals like printers can also be connected to provide additional functionality to the computer system.
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Fundamental elements of computer
The core of a computer system is the system unit, which houses key components like the motherboard, disk drives, and power supply. The system unit comes in different case types like desktop and tower cases. The most important component inside is the motherboard, which connects all other components like the CPU. The CPU or central processing unit interprets and executes instructions and is the computer's brain. Main memory, like RAM, interacts directly with the CPU millions of times per second to hold active programs and data. Secondary memory, like hard disks, floppy disks, and CDs, is used for long-term storage. Other components include video cards for display, modems for internet connectivity, power supplies, and cables connecting internal
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This document provides an overview of computer systems architecture and components. It defines a computer as an electronic device that can store, retrieve, process, and output data. The document then discusses different types of computers like personal computers, laptops, tablets, servers, and supercomputers. It also explains the basic hardware components inside and outside a computer case, including the motherboard, CPU, RAM, power supply, expansion cards, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. The document concludes by describing primary memory like RAM and ROM, as well as secondary memory like hard drives.
intro.ppt
A computer is an electronic device that can accept data as input, process that data, and output information. It consists of hardware components like a central processing unit, memory, storage devices, and input/output components. Software in the form of operating systems and applications controls the functions of the computer hardware and allows it to perform tasks for users. Common uses of computers include word processing, data analysis, accounting, design, and entertainment.
Computer hardware Created By :- king parmeshwar pawar
This document provides an overview of computer hardware and software components. It discusses the main internal parts of a computer including the processor, memory, storage devices, and input/output components. It also explains the basic units of digital information like bits and bytes. Additionally, it covers the different types of computer memory, storage media, and input/output ports. The document concludes by looking at how computer hardware has evolved over time from early models to modern laptops.
Introduction To Computer
Contents:
Introduction To Computer
Today’s Computer
Computer Model
Computer Components
CPU
Mother Board
Memory
Hard Disk
Display
Keyboard
Mouse
Power Supply
Network Interface
CPU – Central Processing Unit (Microprocessor)
consists of three parts:
Control Unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Registers
Single Core/Multi Core
Processor Architecture
HOW DATA IS ORGANIZED ON DISK
OS & Application Software
Software Component
What is an Operating System
Application Software
OS & Application Software
Computers: Clients and Servers
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Computer_Fundamentals1 (1).pdf
The document provides an overview of computer fundamentals including:
- A computer is an electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it, and provides output. It functions similarly to the human brain in how it stores, processes, and delivers information.
- The main components of a computer system are hardware, software, data, and users. Hardware includes the central processing unit (CPU) which contains the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for processing and control unit for coordination. Memory and input/output devices are also included.
- Computers have advantages like speed, accuracy, storage capabilities, and versatility in performing different tasks. They also have limitations in only being able to perform programmed instructions.
Computer_Fundamentals1 (1).pdf
The document provides an overview of computer fundamentals including:
- What a computer is and how it functions similarly to the human brain by taking in data, processing it, and producing outputs.
- The main components of a computer system including hardware, software, data, and users.
- Key characteristics of computers like speed, accuracy, storage capabilities, and programmability.
- The basic architecture of a computer including input and output devices, the central processing unit (CPU), and memory.
- Details on how the CPU works with components like the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit.
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Computer hardware Created By :- king parmeshwar pawar
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Fundamentals of computer
- 1. 1
- 2. Accepts Data Input Processes Data Processing Produces Output Output Stores Data Storage 2
- 3. 3
- 4. Characteristics Description Automatic Works w/o human intervention Speed Works very fast Accuracy Performs every calculation with the same accuracy Diligence Free from monotony, tiredness, and lack of concentration Versatility Perform a wide variety of tasks Memory Can store huge amount of information and can recall them whenever required No I. Q. Possesses no intelligence No feelings Can’t make judgments based on feelings 4
- 5. At Home Computer for Small Business Computer for Mobile Users Computer for Large Business Organization Cartoon & Animation Desktop Publishing Computer for Education Computer for Hospital Computers at Railway Stations & Air Reservation Booth Computer for Power Users 5
- 6. Generation (Period) Key Hardware Technology Key Software Technology Key Characteristics Some Representation Systems First (1942-1955) Vacuum tubes Machine & Assembly languages Bulky in size; Highly unreliable; Production difficult & costly; Difficult to use; ENIAC, IBM 701 etc Second (1955-1964) Transistors High Level Programming Language Faster; Smaller; Reliable; Production difficult & costly; Honeywell 400, IBM 7030 etc Third (1964-1975) Integrated Circuit High Level Programming Language Faster; Smaller; More reliable; Production easier & cheaper; IBM 360/370, CDC 6600 etc Fourth (1975-1989) Micro- Processors Operating Systems, C & C++ Programming Language Small; Affordable; Reliable; Easy to use; Easier to produce commercially; IBM PC, Apple II etc Fifth (1989-Present) Artificial Intelligence World Wide Web, Multimedia, JAVA Programming Language Portable Computers; More powerful; Cheaper; Reliable; More easier to produce commercially; IBM notebooks, Pentium PCs, PARAM supercomputers 6
- 7. – Keyboard, Mouse, Touch Screen, Microphone, Scanner & Joystick – Monitor, Printer, Speaker, Headphone, Projector & Plotter – Arithmetic & Logical Unit, Control Unit & Memory Unit 7
- 8. Memory Unit/ – Volatile Memory (RAM) (Primary Storage Non Volatile Memory (ROM) Unit) Cache Memory Secondary Memory – Hard Disk (Local Disk) Optical Disks (CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-RW) Pen Drive, Floppy Disks, Memory Cards, External Hard Disk, Blu Ray Disk 8
- 9. – CPU, Microprocessor, Math Co. Processor, ROM, RAM, Expansion Slots, Chargeable Battery, Keyboard Connector 9
- 10. 10
- 11. 11
- 12. 12
- 13. – Operating System – DOS, Windows, Unix/Linux, MAC etc. Language Processor – Compiler, Interpreter, Assembler 13
- 14. – Software Package – Microsoft Office Package User Written Software/Program – Blue Java – Anti Virus, Disk Cleanup, Defragment etc. 14
- 15. On the basis of working principles – Analog Computer Digital Computer Hybrid Computer On the basis of size – Super Computer Mainframe Computer Mini Computer Micro Computer Workstations 15
- 16. – 7 bit Code – 8 bit Code – Unique number of every character 16
- 17. Decimal Number System – 0 to 9 Binary Number System – 0 or 1 Octal Number System – Base of 8 Hexadecimal Number System – Base of 16 17
- 18. 18