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Chapter 7
Fundamental Principles of Organic
Chemistry
INTRODUCTION
More than 200 years ago ,
early chemist recognized
the organic compounds
distinct from inorganic
compounds.
Some Organic Compounds
Some Inorganic compounds
Vital Force Theory
 Jacob Berzelius give the vital force theory.
 According to this theory:
 Organic compounds can only be obtained
from living things and cannot be
synthesized from non-living things in
laboratory.
Wohler's work
 He prepared urea (organic compound) from
ammonium cyanate (Inorganic compound) by heating.
 Fredrick Wohler's rejected the vital force theory.
 Urea is an organic compound(NH2)2CO) which is
naturally obtained from urine of mammals.
Modern Definition of Organic Chemistry
 According to the modern definition of organic
chemistry is:
“organic chemistry is that branch of chemistry
which deals with the study of compounds of
carbon and hydrogen (Hydrocarbons) and
their derivatives”
Some organic compounds also contain small
amount of sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen etc.
A few of carbon compounds such as CO,CO2
Carbonates, bicarbonates etc are considered
to be inorganic compounds due to some
historical and conventional reasons.

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Fundamental principles of organic chemistry

  • 1. Chapter 7 Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry
  • 2. INTRODUCTION More than 200 years ago , early chemist recognized the organic compounds distinct from inorganic compounds.
  • 3.
  • 6. Vital Force Theory  Jacob Berzelius give the vital force theory.  According to this theory:  Organic compounds can only be obtained from living things and cannot be synthesized from non-living things in laboratory.
  • 7. Wohler's work  He prepared urea (organic compound) from ammonium cyanate (Inorganic compound) by heating.  Fredrick Wohler's rejected the vital force theory.  Urea is an organic compound(NH2)2CO) which is naturally obtained from urine of mammals.
  • 8. Modern Definition of Organic Chemistry  According to the modern definition of organic chemistry is: “organic chemistry is that branch of chemistry which deals with the study of compounds of carbon and hydrogen (Hydrocarbons) and their derivatives”
  • 9. Some organic compounds also contain small amount of sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen etc. A few of carbon compounds such as CO,CO2 Carbonates, bicarbonates etc are considered to be inorganic compounds due to some historical and conventional reasons.