Introduction to Organic Chemistry

1. Introduction to Organic
Chemistry
Week 1-2

2. Contents
Introduction: Learning Objectives
Organic Chemistry: What is that ?
Development of Organic Chemistry
Hydrocarbons: Introduction
Practice
2

3. Introduction: Learning Objectives
2. Describe the unique characteristics of
the carbon atom in terms of covalent
bonding.
3. Classify the Organic Compounds
1. Explain the difference between Organic
and Inorganic Compounds
4. Identify the Hydrocarbons

4. Organic Chemistry: What is that ?
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Organic Chemistry is the chemistry of Carbon
Where can we find Carbon?
Note: Carbon is often considered as Magic Element.
All Living & most
Nonliving Organisms

5. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
How Carbon can be found in so many things
Electronic Configuration: 1s2 2s2 sp2
6 Protons
6 Neutrons
6 Electrons
• 4 Valence Electrons: All available for bonding
• Can form strong covalent bond with other Carbon atom
• Can form double and triple bonds

6. Development of Organic Chemistry
Organic
Compounds
Inorganic
Compounds
Chemistry
Obtained from
living organisms
Obtained from
non-living sources
Then Now
Organic chemistry is the study of the synthesis,
structure, reactivity and properties of the diverse
group of chemical compounds primarily constructed
of carbon. All life on earth is carbon-based, thus
organic chemistry is also the basis of
biochemistry. (Exceptions: CO, CO2, Carbonates,
hydrogen carbonates, carbides and cyanides)
Reference: Nature Research
Organic
Chemistry

7. Development of Organic Chemistry
In 1828, Wohler (A German scientist) synthesized organic compound from inorganic compound
Friedrich Wohler
NH4CNO
Inorganic Compound Organic Compound

8. Hydrocarbons: Introduction
2 Example
Ethane: C2H4 Ethanol: C2H5OH
Present:
1. Carbon
2. Hydrogen
Present:
1. Carbon
2. Hydrogen
3. Oxygen
Hydrocarbon Not Hydrocarbon
Both are
Organic
Compounds

9. Hydrocarbons: Introduction
Hydrocarbons
Hydrogen Carbon
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Hydrocarbon, any of a class of organic chemical compounds
composed only of the elements carbon and hydrogen.
• Hydrocarbons are simplest Organic Compounds
• Hydrocarbons are non-polar, because the carbon and
hydrogen electronegativities are very similar.

10. Practice