2. +
The ACRL Standards
Adopted in 2000
A ‘framework for assessing the information literate
individual’
Cognitive learning outcomes relative to
Finding
Evaluating
Using
Citing information
3. +
An Updated IL Definition
Information literacy is the set of
integrated abilities encompassing the
reflective discovery of information, the
understanding of how information is
produced and valued, and the use of
information in creating new knowledge
and participating ethically in
communities of learning.
4. +
Threshold concepts
A threshold concept framework includes “the core ideas and
processes in any discipline that define the discipline, but that are so
ingrained that they often go unspoken or unrecognized by
practitioners.” (Hofer, Townsend, Brunetti, 2011, p. 184)
Definitional criteria
Transformative—Learner has a shift in perspective
Integrative– Unifying separate concepts into a whole
Irreversible– Once learned, cannot be unlearned
Bounded– Unique to a discipline
Troublesome– Difficult ideas that may place a roadblock in the learning
process
Townsend, L. & Brunetti, K. & Hofer, A. R.(2011). Threshold Concepts and
Information Literacy. portal: Libraries and the Academy 11(3), 853-869. The
Johns Hopkins University Press. Retrieved March 19, 2014, from Project
MUSE database.
6. +
The Final Threshold Concepts…
Authority Is Constructed and Contextual
Information Creation as a Process
Information Has Value
Research as Inquiry
Scholarship as Conversation
Searching as Strategic Exploration
TCs in Plain English: bit.ly/TCEnglish
Framework PDF: j.mp/ACRLFramework
7. +
Threshold Concept:
Scholarship as conversation
Scholarship as conversation refers to the
idea of sustained discourse within a
community of scholars or thinkers, with new
insights and discoveries occurring over time
as a result of competing perspectives and
interpretations.
8. +
Scholarship as Conversation as a
threshold concept
Definitional criteria
Transformative—Learner has a shift in perspective
Students learn how to think critically and speak as a scholar
Integrative– Unifying separate concepts into a whole
Students observe and participate in a range of scholarly conversations
Irreversible– Once learned, cannot be unlearned
Students develop new information based on conversations
Bounded– Unique to a discipline
Scholarly conversations are specialized
Troublesome
Are outside perspectives welcome in a scholarly conversation? How does a student
establish their voice?
Townsend, L. & Brunetti, K. & Hofer, A. R.(2011). Threshold Concepts and Information
Literacy. portal: Libraries and the Academy 11(3), 853-869. The Johns Hopkins University
Press. Retrieved March 19, 2014, from Project MUSE database.
9. +
Scholarship as conversation
Knowledge Practices (Abilities)
Learners who are developing their information literate abilities…
Cite the contributing work of others in their own information
production.
Summarize the changes in scholarly perspective over time on a
particular topic within a specific discipline.
Critically evaluate contributions made by others in participatory
information environments.
Identify the contribution particular articles, books, and other
scholarly pieces make to disciplinary knowledge.
Recognize that a given scholarly work may not represent the only
or even the majority perspective on the issue
10. +
Scholarship is a conversation
Dispositions
Learners who are developing their information
literate abilities…
Suspend judgment on the value of a particular
piece of scholarship until the larger context for
the scholarly conversation is better understood.
See themselves as contributors to scholarship
rather than only consumers of it.
11. +
Common Core and Threshold
Concepts
Common Core and the IL
Framework:
Making the Connection
Between K-12 and
College
12. +
Common Core and Threshold
Concepts
Evaluate author’s credentials and background to
determine point of view or purpose. (Model Curriculum
11-12)
Authority is Constructed and Contextual:
Define different types of authority, such as subject
expertise (e.g., scholarship), societal position (e.g.,
public office or title), or special experience (e.g.,
participating in a historic event).
Use research tools and indicators of authority to
determine the credibility of sources, understanding the
elements that might temper this credibility.
13. +
Common Core and Threshold
Concepts
Evaluate information found in multiple sources and
mediums to address a question or solve a problem.
(Model Curriculum, 11-12)
Research as Inquiry (Framework)
Synthesize ideas gathered from multiple sources
Draw reasonable conclusions based on the
analysis and interpretation of information
14. +
Common Core and Threshold
Concepts
Analyze texts for information based upon purposes and
arguments for credibility, relevance, bias, accuracy and
currency. (Model Curriculum, 11-12)
Authority is Constructed and Contextual (Framework)
Define different types of authority, such as subject
expertise (e.g., scholarship), societal position (e.g.,
public office or title), or special experience (e.g.,
participating in a historic event).
Use research tools and indicators of authority to
determine the credibility of sources, understanding the
elements that might temper this credibility.
15. +
Common Core and Threshold
Concepts
Where does the
crosswalk between the
Common Core / Model
Curriculum and the
Framework end?
16. +
Common Core and Threshold
Concepts
Information Creation
as a Process
Information Has Value
17. +
Common Core and Threshold
Concepts
Student as content creator
Framework: Articulate the capabilities and
constraints of information developed through
various creation processes
Framework: Assess the fit between an
information product’s creation process and a
particular information need
Framework: Articulate the traditional and
emerging processes of information creation and
dissemination in a particular discipline
18. +
Common Core and Threshold
Concepts
Information has Value
Framework: Decide where and how their
information is published
Framework: Understand how the
commodification of their personal information and
online interactions affects the information they
receive and the information they produce or
disseminate online
19. +
Food for thought…
How does the Common Core (and the PA Model Curriculum)
inform the work of academic librarians?
Does the emphasis within the Framework on content creation
and the value of information have significance on the choices
we make in our teaching?
What are the content creation tools we are using with our
students today?
What is a typical student’s understanding of the value of
information upon entering college?
Do we have building blocks in our college / university’s
curriculum to develop students’ understanding of these critical
areas?
• Contribute to scholarly conversation at an appropriate level, such as local online community, guided discussion, undergraduate research journal, conference presentation/poster session • Identify barriers to entering scholarly conversation via various venues • Critically evaluate contributions made by others in participatory information environments • Identify the contribution particular articles, books, and other scholarly pieces make to disciplinary knowledge • Summarize the changes in scholarly perspective over time on a particular topic within a specific discipline • Recognize that a given scholarly work may not represent the only or even the majority perspective on the issue
• Seek out conversations taking place in their research area
• See themselves as contributors to scholarship rather than only consumers of it
• Recognize that scholarly conversations take place in various venues
• Suspend judgment on the value of a particular piece of scholarship until the larger context for the
scholarly conversation is better understood
• Understand the responsibility that comes with entering the conversation through participatory channels
• Value user-generated content and evaluate contributions made by others
• Recognize that systems privilege authorities and that not having a fluency in the language and
process of a discipline disempowers their ability to participate and engage