Forensic science vocab unit 4
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This document defines various terms related to forensic science, including types of fingerprints like loops and whorls, methods for identifying latent fingerprints and bloodstains like luminol and the Kastle-Meyer color test, components of blood like hemoglobin, and features of hair morphology and DNA analysis. It covers 14 terms describing different aspects of forensic science analysis.
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Timothybabcock fingerprintsclassifications unit1
Friction ridge skin, which forms the fingerprints, begins developing in the womb at around 4 months. Once formed, friction ridge skin remains unchanged for the rest of a person's life except for scars or burns. Historical studies have demonstrated the permanence of friction ridge skin over long periods of time. Fingerprints have been used for personal identification in contracts in China since 650 AD, showing their uniqueness. Modern computer analysis has found that just four similar fingerprint ridge characteristics in the same positions is enough to uniquely identify an individual.
Chapter02
This document discusses sources of crime data and different theories of criminology. It describes the Uniform Crime Reports and National Incident Based Reporting System as two major sources of crime data in the US. It also summarizes biological, psychological, sociological, and conflict theories of criminology. Biological theories view crime as influenced by genetic and physiological factors while psychological theories examine individual mental processes and conditioning. Sociological theories analyze group dynamics and social disorganization. Conflict theories see crime as resulting from economic and social inequalities between groups in society. The document outlines the key assumptions and social policy implications of each theoretical perspective.
Ch 7
The document discusses the pretrial and trial processes in the criminal justice system, including pretrial activities such as arraignment, bail determination, and plea bargaining. It also covers the roles of various participants in a criminal trial such as judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys, jurors, and witnesses. Key rights afforded to criminal defendants that can impact the trial process are also examined, such as the right to a speedy trial and the right to confront accusers.
Fundamentals of fingerprinting
- Fingerprints are unique to each individual and remain unchanged throughout one's life. They are made up of ridges and grooves on the fingers.
- There are three fingerprint patterns: loops, whorls, and arches. Loops make up 60-65% of patterns and have one delta shape. Whorls have two or more delta shapes.
- Fingerprint identification relies on analyzing the ridge characteristics, called minutiae, such as endings and bifurcations, rather than the overall pattern. An expert must demonstrate a point-by-point comparison of multiple corresponding ridge characteristics to identify two prints as a match.
Fs Ch 7
The document provides a history of fingerprint identification and classification. It discusses how Alphonse Bertillion first attempted personal identification through body measurements (anthropometry) and photographs. Francis Galton later published on fingerprint identification in 1892. Fingerprint classification systems were developed to organize prints, including those still used in Spanish-speaking countries by Juan Vucetich and in English-speaking countries by Sir Edward Henry. Fingerprints became widely used for identification after some notable cases in the early 1900s. The document also outlines the basic principles of fingerprint identification, including that no two fingerprints are identical, prints remain unchanged over a person's lifetime, and fingerprints can be classified into patterns (loops, whorls, arches).
Fingerprints
Fingerprints are formed during fetal development from ridges on fingers and palms. These ridges are unique to each individual. Fingerprint analysis relies on the permanence and individuality of ridge patterns and characteristics. Latent fingerprints left at crime scenes can be developed and identified by analyzing the ridge flow, patterns like loops and whorls, and minute characteristics called minutiae. Fingerprint evidence plays an important role in criminal investigations.
Fingerprints - Creative Science
Fingerprints are unique patterns of ridges on our finger pads that are used to identify individuals. Fingerprints can be visible if fingers are dirty or oily, or latent if left by sweat. Fingerprint analysis, or dactyloscopy, has been used for centuries, from ancient Babylon to modern criminal identification. In the late 19th century scientists like Faulds, Galton, and Henry pioneered the scientific study and classification of fingerprints, establishing them as a reliable means of identification.
Fs Ch 1
This document provides an introduction to forensic science including:
- A definition of forensic science as the application of science to law, both criminal and civil cases.
- A brief history of pioneers in forensic science who developed key principles and techniques like toxicology, personal identification, fingerprints, firearms examination, and questioned document examination.
- An overview of the growth and services of crime labs in the US, including optional specialty services.
- Key concepts like Locard's exchange principle and the scientific method as it applies to forensic science.
- The skills of a forensic scientist and their role as an expert witness in legal proceedings.
- Important court cases that established standards for the admissibility of scientific evidence.
Recommended
Timothybabcock fingerprintsclassifications unit1
Friction ridge skin, which forms the fingerprints, begins developing in the womb at around 4 months. Once formed, friction ridge skin remains unchanged for the rest of a person's life except for scars or burns. Historical studies have demonstrated the permanence of friction ridge skin over long periods of time. Fingerprints have been used for personal identification in contracts in China since 650 AD, showing their uniqueness. Modern computer analysis has found that just four similar fingerprint ridge characteristics in the same positions is enough to uniquely identify an individual.
Chapter02
This document discusses sources of crime data and different theories of criminology. It describes the Uniform Crime Reports and National Incident Based Reporting System as two major sources of crime data in the US. It also summarizes biological, psychological, sociological, and conflict theories of criminology. Biological theories view crime as influenced by genetic and physiological factors while psychological theories examine individual mental processes and conditioning. Sociological theories analyze group dynamics and social disorganization. Conflict theories see crime as resulting from economic and social inequalities between groups in society. The document outlines the key assumptions and social policy implications of each theoretical perspective.
Ch 7
The document discusses the pretrial and trial processes in the criminal justice system, including pretrial activities such as arraignment, bail determination, and plea bargaining. It also covers the roles of various participants in a criminal trial such as judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys, jurors, and witnesses. Key rights afforded to criminal defendants that can impact the trial process are also examined, such as the right to a speedy trial and the right to confront accusers.
Fundamentals of fingerprinting
- Fingerprints are unique to each individual and remain unchanged throughout one's life. They are made up of ridges and grooves on the fingers.
- There are three fingerprint patterns: loops, whorls, and arches. Loops make up 60-65% of patterns and have one delta shape. Whorls have two or more delta shapes.
- Fingerprint identification relies on analyzing the ridge characteristics, called minutiae, such as endings and bifurcations, rather than the overall pattern. An expert must demonstrate a point-by-point comparison of multiple corresponding ridge characteristics to identify two prints as a match.
Fs Ch 7
The document provides a history of fingerprint identification and classification. It discusses how Alphonse Bertillion first attempted personal identification through body measurements (anthropometry) and photographs. Francis Galton later published on fingerprint identification in 1892. Fingerprint classification systems were developed to organize prints, including those still used in Spanish-speaking countries by Juan Vucetich and in English-speaking countries by Sir Edward Henry. Fingerprints became widely used for identification after some notable cases in the early 1900s. The document also outlines the basic principles of fingerprint identification, including that no two fingerprints are identical, prints remain unchanged over a person's lifetime, and fingerprints can be classified into patterns (loops, whorls, arches).
Fingerprints
Fingerprints are formed during fetal development from ridges on fingers and palms. These ridges are unique to each individual. Fingerprint analysis relies on the permanence and individuality of ridge patterns and characteristics. Latent fingerprints left at crime scenes can be developed and identified by analyzing the ridge flow, patterns like loops and whorls, and minute characteristics called minutiae. Fingerprint evidence plays an important role in criminal investigations.
Fingerprints - Creative Science
Fingerprints are unique patterns of ridges on our finger pads that are used to identify individuals. Fingerprints can be visible if fingers are dirty or oily, or latent if left by sweat. Fingerprint analysis, or dactyloscopy, has been used for centuries, from ancient Babylon to modern criminal identification. In the late 19th century scientists like Faulds, Galton, and Henry pioneered the scientific study and classification of fingerprints, establishing them as a reliable means of identification.
Fs Ch 1
This document provides an introduction to forensic science including:
- A definition of forensic science as the application of science to law, both criminal and civil cases.
- A brief history of pioneers in forensic science who developed key principles and techniques like toxicology, personal identification, fingerprints, firearms examination, and questioned document examination.
- An overview of the growth and services of crime labs in the US, including optional specialty services.
- Key concepts like Locard's exchange principle and the scientific method as it applies to forensic science.
- The skills of a forensic scientist and their role as an expert witness in legal proceedings.
- Important court cases that established standards for the admissibility of scientific evidence.
[I-TALENTS] - GIAฬI MAฬ VรN TAY
Dรขฬu Vรขn tay laฬ dรขฬu รขฬn riรชng cuฬa mรดฬi ngฦฐฦกฬi. Tuyรชฬฃt ฤรดฬi khรดng coฬ dรขฬu vรขn tay truฬng nhau. รฬn sรดฬ cuฬa naฬo bรดฬฃ nฤฬm taฬฃi caฬc ฤฦฐฦกฬng vรขn tay.
Khaฬm phaฬ baฬn thรขn taฬฃi italents: www.i-talents.vn
Hotline: 0938 80 5757
Fingerprinting
This document provides an overview of fingerprint analysis, including:
- The basic ridge patterns of loops, whorls and arches and how fingerprints are classified.
- How latent, plastic and visible fingerprints are formed and developed.
- The historical use of fingerprints from ancient China to its modern application in forensic science.
- Key terms like minutiae, delta, core and the analysis of ridge characteristics for identification.
Finger printing
Fingerprinting is used for criminal identification by analyzing fingerprint patterns and features. Fingerprints can be visible prints left in blood, paint, or dirt, plastic prints left in substances like soap or wax, or latent prints left by perspiration. Fingerprints are preserved by cutting off fingers or removing skin and preserving in alcohol or formalin. Fingerprint analysis is used to identify criminals at crime scenes, assist in prosecutions, and maintain identity records for licensing and unknown deceased. Proper collection involves cleaning fingers and using ink to print all ten fingers. Other biometric identifiers like footprints, nail and lip prints, and palmprints can also be analyzed for criminal identification when fingerprints are insufficient.
Friction ridge analysis
The document discusses the history and science of fingerprint analysis, including how fingerprints form during fetal development, remain unchanged throughout life, and can be used for identification based on their unique ridge patterns and minutiae points. Fingerprint analysis involves classifying prints based on patterns, identifying individuals by comparing unique ridge details and minutiae between prints, and various chemical and physical processes for developing latent fingerprints. While identical twins share similar DNA, they do not have identical fingerprints.
Chapter 6 fingerprints power point
This document discusses the history and science of fingerprint analysis in forensic investigations. It describes how fingerprints have unique ridge patterns that can be used to identify individuals, and how fingerprint analysis has developed from its origins in the late 19th century to modern digital automated fingerprint identification systems. The key aspects of fingerprint identification covered are the basic fingerprint patterns (loops, whorls, arches), identifying characteristics called minutiae, the process of collecting latent fingerprints, and comparing prints to identify matches.
Crime Scene Basics PowerPoint
The document discusses various aspects of forensic science as it relates to crime scene investigation, including defining key terms like primary and secondary crime scenes, describing different types of evidence like testimonial, physical and trace evidence, outlining the roles of different personnel involved in processing a crime scene like police officers, CSIs, medical examiners and detectives, and providing an overview of the typical crime scene investigation protocol and various forensic science disciplines used in analyzing evidence.
Finger print revised jan 10
Fingerprints provide unique identification of individuals. They are formed during early fetal development from friction ridge patterns on fingers and palms. Fingerprint analysis involves classifying patterns, identifying ridge characteristics, and comparing unknown latent prints to known prints. Advances in computers and databases have made fingerprint identification and criminal databases more efficient through systems like AFIS.
Taking Legible Fingerprints
The document provides guidance on taking legible fingerprints. It describes fingerprint patterns such as loops, whorls and arches. It explains how to take rolled fingerprints by rolling each finger from nail to nail. Plain impressions should be taken simultaneously at a 45 degree angle. The quality of fingerprints should be checked for clarity, completeness and correct positioning in rolled and plain blocks. Notations should be made for any missing fingerprints and certain abnormalities. All required fields must be completed for criminal and civil submissions to avoid rejection.
Methods Of Fingerprinting: Chris Strein
The document discusses various methods of fingerprint detection and analysis. It describes traditional chemical methods like ninhydrin and vacuum metal deposition that develop latent fingerprints but can destroy fingerprint chemistry. A new physical vapor deposition method is proposed that coats fingerprints in a thin film, allowing visualization without altering chemistry. This allows both fingerprint analysis and DNA extraction from the original print. While not portable, researchers are working to develop a portable version that could replace chemical methods due to enabling both fingerprint and DNA analysis from a single print.
Fingerprint patterns
There are three main fingerprint patterns: loops, whorls, and arches. Loops make up 60-65% of patterns and contain one delta. Whorls consist of 30-35% of patterns and contain two or more deltas. Arches are the rarest at up to 5% and contain no deltas. Within these categories there are also sub-patterns like double loops, central loops, tented arches, and accidental patterns. The document instructs to label fingerprints from hands based on their pattern type and identify three points within right hand prints.
Fingerprints and ridge characteristics
Fingerprints are formed between the third and fourth month of fetal development when sweat glands in the skin link together to form unique ridge patterns. The basal layer of skin grows at a different rate than the layers above and below it, causing it to fold into intricate ridge shapes. Materials secreted from sweat pores, like oils and water, are left behind on surfaces when fingerprints are transferred. There are three types of fingerprints found at crime scenes: latent prints that require processing to see, patent prints that are visible, and plastic prints that make three-dimensional impressions. Fingerprints are analyzed by their ridge characteristics like endings, forks, islands, dots and used by AFIS to identify matches on file.
Fingerprints basics for scouts
- Fingerprints are unique patterns on human hands and feet that are formed during fetal development and remain permanent over a person's lifetime. They are composed of ridges and valleys on the skin.
- Fingerprints can be classified as latent (invisible), patent (visible), or plastic prints, depending on how they are deposited and need to be processed. Latent prints require chemical processing to become visible.
- Fingerprint analysis has been used for centuries for identification. In the late 19th century, scientists established fingerprints as a reliable identification method and they began to be used by law enforcement agencies. Today, automated fingerprint identification systems allow rapid searching of digital fingerprint databases.
Fingerprinting
The document discusses the history and basics of fingerprint identification. It notes that in 1892, Sir Francis Galton established that fingerprints are unique and do not change over a person's lifetime. The basics section explains that fingerprints are formed before birth and contain friction ridges and pores that individualize each print. There are three main fingerprint patterns: arches, loops, and whorls, each with variations. The document also outlines methods for developing, collecting, and storing fingerprints.
Fingerprints
The document discusses the history and principles of fingerprint identification. It describes how fingerprints were first used by Alphonse Bertillion in the 19th century and later developed into a classification system by Francis Galton. Fingerprints remain unchanged throughout a person's life and no two fingerprints have ever been found to be identical, making them useful for identification. The three main fingerprint patterns are loops, whorls and arches.
CSI'/ Forensics Fingerprint Identification
This document discusses fingerprints and their identification and analysis in forensic investigations. It provides details on:
- The ridge patterns that make each fingerprint unique and how they are classified into loops, whorls, and arches.
- How latent fingerprints are formed and can be detected using dusting or chemical processing like super glue fuming.
- Basic ridge characteristics like endings, bifurcations, and dots that are used in fingerprint analysis.
- An example of how fingerprints were used to identify students who set up a surprise party through super glue fuming and analysis of their ridge patterns and classifications.
Fingerprints
Fingerprints have been used for identification for thousands of years. They are unique to each individual and remain unchanged over a person's lifetime. There are three basic fingerprint patterns: arches, loops, and whorls. Fingerprints are made up of ridges on the skin that have unique minutiae like ridge endings and bifurcations that can be used to identify individuals. Fingerprints can be collected using dusting powder, iodine fuming, alternative light sources, or superglue fuming.
Ch 8 fingerprints
This document discusses the history of fingerprint analysis and identification. It covers 3 key points:
1. Fingerprints are unique to each individual based on ridge and furrow patterns (minutiae) and have been used for identification for over 100 years.
2. Fingerprint patterns are classified into three types - loops, whorls, and arches. Analysis involves categorizing the pattern and identifying minutiae.
3. Modern fingerprint analysis utilizes digital scanning and AFIS systems to encode and compare minutiae between prints to determine matches.
Fingerprint Pattern
A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges on all parts of the finger. A friction ridge is a raised portion of the epidermis on the palmar (palm) or digits (fingers and toes) or plantar (sole) skin, consisting of one or more connected ridge units of friction ridge skin. These are sometimes known as "epidermal ridges" which are caused by the underlying interface between the dermal papillae of the dermis and the interpapillary (rete) pegs of the epidermis. These epidermal ridges serve to amplify vibrations triggered when fingertips brush across an uneven surface, better transmitting the signals to sensory nerves involved in fine texture perception. The ridges do not assist in gripping objects, sometimes in fact reducing grip to as much as 30% compared to completely smooth fingerpads.
Fingerprint Identification
Fingerprints are unique and can be used to identify individuals. They are comprised of ridges and valleys that form distinctive patterns classified as loops, whorls, or arches. Fingerprint identification involves comparing ridge characteristics like ending ridges, bifurcations, and dots between two prints and looking for multiple matching characteristics in the same relative positions to determine a match. While some countries have a set number of ridge characteristics required for identification, examiners in the US can use their experience and discretion to decide based on print clarity and uniqueness.
Fingerprint
This document describes a fingerprint-based ATM and locker system for modern secured banks. The system uses fingerprint biometrics for authentication. It includes a fingerprint scanner, microcontroller, LCD display, buzzer, keypad, EEPROM, and connections to an ATM and locker. The fingerprint is scanned and matched to stored templates to authenticate users for bank transactions or locker access. The system is intended to provide secure authentication as fingerprints cannot be forgotten, stolen, copied or used by others like cards or passwords.
Question 1-15 truefalse1. The animal amphioxus is a primitive v.docx
Question 1-15 true/false
1. The animal amphioxus is a primitive vertebrae worm
2. A cancer cell can be simply described as a normal body cell that has altered DNA
3. The sponge, according to the book INNER FISH by neil shubin has a body
4. Special molecules called cones collect light and change into vision
5. Mitochondria are sometimes referred to as the powerhouse of a cell
6. When human skin is subjected to cold air tiny molecules cause our hair follicles to shake or shiver
7. Both male and female humans have the hormone estrogen
8. Charles Darwin was a 19th century scientists who studied archaeology
9. In vitro fertilization occurs in the uterus of human females
10. The phenotype of a living organism can be described as its outward appearance
11. The 3 layers of cell types in an embryo occur at the zygote stage of development
12. There are two small bones in the human ear that help transfer sound from the outer ear to the inner ear
13. One place you find cartilage in humans is the internal structure of the nose
14. All of the genes that code for the sense of smell are used in humans to detect odors
15. Our ancient ancestorโs early humans had the ability to see in color.
Questions 16-22 answer in complete sentences
16. Explain how โtiny rocks in your headโ help you balance when your head is tilted forward, back and side to side
17. Explain how hiccups is related to our fish and tadpole history
18. Explain how close interbreeding of species can produce lethal or bad mutations in their offspring
19. How can it be said that human lineage can be traced back to ancient species of โpond scumโ
20. Discuss the many uses of cloned plants and animals
21. Discuss and explain how are bodies are really a tube within a tube according to Neil Shubin
22. How do individual cells within an organism communicate with each other
...
Serology
This document discusses forensic serology and blood evidence analysis. It defines forensic serology as the analysis of bodily fluids like blood and semen at crime scenes. It describes the components of blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It explains how blood typing works using the ABO and Rh systems to identify blood types. It discusses examining blood evidence to determine if it's human, identify the source, and understand how it got to the crime scene. It outlines analyzing blood spatter patterns using techniques like determining impact angles and point of origin.
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[I-TALENTS] - GIAฬI MAฬ VรN TAY
Dรขฬu Vรขn tay laฬ dรขฬu รขฬn riรชng cuฬa mรดฬi ngฦฐฦกฬi. Tuyรชฬฃt ฤรดฬi khรดng coฬ dรขฬu vรขn tay truฬng nhau. รฬn sรดฬ cuฬa naฬo bรดฬฃ nฤฬm taฬฃi caฬc ฤฦฐฦกฬng vรขn tay.
Khaฬm phaฬ baฬn thรขn taฬฃi italents: www.i-talents.vn
Hotline: 0938 80 5757
Fingerprinting
This document provides an overview of fingerprint analysis, including:
- The basic ridge patterns of loops, whorls and arches and how fingerprints are classified.
- How latent, plastic and visible fingerprints are formed and developed.
- The historical use of fingerprints from ancient China to its modern application in forensic science.
- Key terms like minutiae, delta, core and the analysis of ridge characteristics for identification.
Finger printing
Fingerprinting is used for criminal identification by analyzing fingerprint patterns and features. Fingerprints can be visible prints left in blood, paint, or dirt, plastic prints left in substances like soap or wax, or latent prints left by perspiration. Fingerprints are preserved by cutting off fingers or removing skin and preserving in alcohol or formalin. Fingerprint analysis is used to identify criminals at crime scenes, assist in prosecutions, and maintain identity records for licensing and unknown deceased. Proper collection involves cleaning fingers and using ink to print all ten fingers. Other biometric identifiers like footprints, nail and lip prints, and palmprints can also be analyzed for criminal identification when fingerprints are insufficient.
Friction ridge analysis
The document discusses the history and science of fingerprint analysis, including how fingerprints form during fetal development, remain unchanged throughout life, and can be used for identification based on their unique ridge patterns and minutiae points. Fingerprint analysis involves classifying prints based on patterns, identifying individuals by comparing unique ridge details and minutiae between prints, and various chemical and physical processes for developing latent fingerprints. While identical twins share similar DNA, they do not have identical fingerprints.
Chapter 6 fingerprints power point
This document discusses the history and science of fingerprint analysis in forensic investigations. It describes how fingerprints have unique ridge patterns that can be used to identify individuals, and how fingerprint analysis has developed from its origins in the late 19th century to modern digital automated fingerprint identification systems. The key aspects of fingerprint identification covered are the basic fingerprint patterns (loops, whorls, arches), identifying characteristics called minutiae, the process of collecting latent fingerprints, and comparing prints to identify matches.
Crime Scene Basics PowerPoint
The document discusses various aspects of forensic science as it relates to crime scene investigation, including defining key terms like primary and secondary crime scenes, describing different types of evidence like testimonial, physical and trace evidence, outlining the roles of different personnel involved in processing a crime scene like police officers, CSIs, medical examiners and detectives, and providing an overview of the typical crime scene investigation protocol and various forensic science disciplines used in analyzing evidence.
Finger print revised jan 10
Fingerprints provide unique identification of individuals. They are formed during early fetal development from friction ridge patterns on fingers and palms. Fingerprint analysis involves classifying patterns, identifying ridge characteristics, and comparing unknown latent prints to known prints. Advances in computers and databases have made fingerprint identification and criminal databases more efficient through systems like AFIS.
Taking Legible Fingerprints
The document provides guidance on taking legible fingerprints. It describes fingerprint patterns such as loops, whorls and arches. It explains how to take rolled fingerprints by rolling each finger from nail to nail. Plain impressions should be taken simultaneously at a 45 degree angle. The quality of fingerprints should be checked for clarity, completeness and correct positioning in rolled and plain blocks. Notations should be made for any missing fingerprints and certain abnormalities. All required fields must be completed for criminal and civil submissions to avoid rejection.
Methods Of Fingerprinting: Chris Strein
The document discusses various methods of fingerprint detection and analysis. It describes traditional chemical methods like ninhydrin and vacuum metal deposition that develop latent fingerprints but can destroy fingerprint chemistry. A new physical vapor deposition method is proposed that coats fingerprints in a thin film, allowing visualization without altering chemistry. This allows both fingerprint analysis and DNA extraction from the original print. While not portable, researchers are working to develop a portable version that could replace chemical methods due to enabling both fingerprint and DNA analysis from a single print.
Fingerprint patterns
There are three main fingerprint patterns: loops, whorls, and arches. Loops make up 60-65% of patterns and contain one delta. Whorls consist of 30-35% of patterns and contain two or more deltas. Arches are the rarest at up to 5% and contain no deltas. Within these categories there are also sub-patterns like double loops, central loops, tented arches, and accidental patterns. The document instructs to label fingerprints from hands based on their pattern type and identify three points within right hand prints.
Fingerprints and ridge characteristics
Fingerprints are formed between the third and fourth month of fetal development when sweat glands in the skin link together to form unique ridge patterns. The basal layer of skin grows at a different rate than the layers above and below it, causing it to fold into intricate ridge shapes. Materials secreted from sweat pores, like oils and water, are left behind on surfaces when fingerprints are transferred. There are three types of fingerprints found at crime scenes: latent prints that require processing to see, patent prints that are visible, and plastic prints that make three-dimensional impressions. Fingerprints are analyzed by their ridge characteristics like endings, forks, islands, dots and used by AFIS to identify matches on file.
Fingerprints basics for scouts
- Fingerprints are unique patterns on human hands and feet that are formed during fetal development and remain permanent over a person's lifetime. They are composed of ridges and valleys on the skin.
- Fingerprints can be classified as latent (invisible), patent (visible), or plastic prints, depending on how they are deposited and need to be processed. Latent prints require chemical processing to become visible.
- Fingerprint analysis has been used for centuries for identification. In the late 19th century, scientists established fingerprints as a reliable identification method and they began to be used by law enforcement agencies. Today, automated fingerprint identification systems allow rapid searching of digital fingerprint databases.
Fingerprinting
The document discusses the history and basics of fingerprint identification. It notes that in 1892, Sir Francis Galton established that fingerprints are unique and do not change over a person's lifetime. The basics section explains that fingerprints are formed before birth and contain friction ridges and pores that individualize each print. There are three main fingerprint patterns: arches, loops, and whorls, each with variations. The document also outlines methods for developing, collecting, and storing fingerprints.
Fingerprints
The document discusses the history and principles of fingerprint identification. It describes how fingerprints were first used by Alphonse Bertillion in the 19th century and later developed into a classification system by Francis Galton. Fingerprints remain unchanged throughout a person's life and no two fingerprints have ever been found to be identical, making them useful for identification. The three main fingerprint patterns are loops, whorls and arches.
CSI'/ Forensics Fingerprint Identification
This document discusses fingerprints and their identification and analysis in forensic investigations. It provides details on:
- The ridge patterns that make each fingerprint unique and how they are classified into loops, whorls, and arches.
- How latent fingerprints are formed and can be detected using dusting or chemical processing like super glue fuming.
- Basic ridge characteristics like endings, bifurcations, and dots that are used in fingerprint analysis.
- An example of how fingerprints were used to identify students who set up a surprise party through super glue fuming and analysis of their ridge patterns and classifications.
Fingerprints
Fingerprints have been used for identification for thousands of years. They are unique to each individual and remain unchanged over a person's lifetime. There are three basic fingerprint patterns: arches, loops, and whorls. Fingerprints are made up of ridges on the skin that have unique minutiae like ridge endings and bifurcations that can be used to identify individuals. Fingerprints can be collected using dusting powder, iodine fuming, alternative light sources, or superglue fuming.
Ch 8 fingerprints
This document discusses the history of fingerprint analysis and identification. It covers 3 key points:
1. Fingerprints are unique to each individual based on ridge and furrow patterns (minutiae) and have been used for identification for over 100 years.
2. Fingerprint patterns are classified into three types - loops, whorls, and arches. Analysis involves categorizing the pattern and identifying minutiae.
3. Modern fingerprint analysis utilizes digital scanning and AFIS systems to encode and compare minutiae between prints to determine matches.
Fingerprint Pattern
A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges on all parts of the finger. A friction ridge is a raised portion of the epidermis on the palmar (palm) or digits (fingers and toes) or plantar (sole) skin, consisting of one or more connected ridge units of friction ridge skin. These are sometimes known as "epidermal ridges" which are caused by the underlying interface between the dermal papillae of the dermis and the interpapillary (rete) pegs of the epidermis. These epidermal ridges serve to amplify vibrations triggered when fingertips brush across an uneven surface, better transmitting the signals to sensory nerves involved in fine texture perception. The ridges do not assist in gripping objects, sometimes in fact reducing grip to as much as 30% compared to completely smooth fingerpads.
Fingerprint Identification
Fingerprints are unique and can be used to identify individuals. They are comprised of ridges and valleys that form distinctive patterns classified as loops, whorls, or arches. Fingerprint identification involves comparing ridge characteristics like ending ridges, bifurcations, and dots between two prints and looking for multiple matching characteristics in the same relative positions to determine a match. While some countries have a set number of ridge characteristics required for identification, examiners in the US can use their experience and discretion to decide based on print clarity and uniqueness.
Fingerprint
This document describes a fingerprint-based ATM and locker system for modern secured banks. The system uses fingerprint biometrics for authentication. It includes a fingerprint scanner, microcontroller, LCD display, buzzer, keypad, EEPROM, and connections to an ATM and locker. The fingerprint is scanned and matched to stored templates to authenticate users for bank transactions or locker access. The system is intended to provide secure authentication as fingerprints cannot be forgotten, stolen, copied or used by others like cards or passwords.
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Similar to Forensic science vocab unit 4
Question 1-15 truefalse1. The animal amphioxus is a primitive v.docx
Question 1-15 true/false
1. The animal amphioxus is a primitive vertebrae worm
2. A cancer cell can be simply described as a normal body cell that has altered DNA
3. The sponge, according to the book INNER FISH by neil shubin has a body
4. Special molecules called cones collect light and change into vision
5. Mitochondria are sometimes referred to as the powerhouse of a cell
6. When human skin is subjected to cold air tiny molecules cause our hair follicles to shake or shiver
7. Both male and female humans have the hormone estrogen
8. Charles Darwin was a 19th century scientists who studied archaeology
9. In vitro fertilization occurs in the uterus of human females
10. The phenotype of a living organism can be described as its outward appearance
11. The 3 layers of cell types in an embryo occur at the zygote stage of development
12. There are two small bones in the human ear that help transfer sound from the outer ear to the inner ear
13. One place you find cartilage in humans is the internal structure of the nose
14. All of the genes that code for the sense of smell are used in humans to detect odors
15. Our ancient ancestorโs early humans had the ability to see in color.
Questions 16-22 answer in complete sentences
16. Explain how โtiny rocks in your headโ help you balance when your head is tilted forward, back and side to side
17. Explain how hiccups is related to our fish and tadpole history
18. Explain how close interbreeding of species can produce lethal or bad mutations in their offspring
19. How can it be said that human lineage can be traced back to ancient species of โpond scumโ
20. Discuss the many uses of cloned plants and animals
21. Discuss and explain how are bodies are really a tube within a tube according to Neil Shubin
22. How do individual cells within an organism communicate with each other
...
Serology
This document discusses forensic serology and blood evidence analysis. It defines forensic serology as the analysis of bodily fluids like blood and semen at crime scenes. It describes the components of blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It explains how blood typing works using the ABO and Rh systems to identify blood types. It discusses examining blood evidence to determine if it's human, identify the source, and understand how it got to the crime scene. It outlines analyzing blood spatter patterns using techniques like determining impact angles and point of origin.
Forensic Biology & Its biological significance.pdf
This Presentation provide all information about 'Forensic Biology and it's biological Significance '
Forensic Biology is the application of concepts and procedures used in the biological sciences, typically in a medico-legal context. Forensic biologists analyze cellular and tissue samples, as well as physiological fluids that are relevant to a legal investigation.
General anatomy
The document discusses various topics related to human anatomy including definitions of anatomy, different branches of anatomy like topographical anatomy, surface anatomy, radiological anatomy, and more. It also discusses the integumentary system including layers of the skin, functions of skin, hair and nails, and skin conditions like burns and aging effects.
General anatomy (2)
The document discusses the anatomy of the human integumentary system. It defines the integumentary system as the skin and its derivatives, including hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. The skin has two main layers - the epidermis and dermis. It provides protection, regulates temperature and moisture, and detects sensory stimuli. Characteristics like hair, nails, and glands are described. The effects of aging and diseases like burns and skin cancer are also summarized.
Identification of human and animal blood.pptx
The document discusses forensic serology and the analysis of blood evidence. It notes that blood is the most commonly recovered evidence in criminal cases. Blood can link a victim to a suspect using Locard's Exchange Principle and reveal crime scene details through bloodstain pattern analysis. The document outlines various tests and analyses performed on blood evidence, including determining blood type, identifying human vs. animal blood, and using blood evidence in different types of crimes.
Trace evidence blood group
This document provides information on various types of trace evidence used in forensic science, including seminal stains, hair, and blood stains. It discusses the collection and examination of these trace materials, as well as their medical legal importance. For example, seminal stains can be used to investigate crimes like rape, hair can indicate the age or gender of a person, and blood staining patterns provide clues in homicide cases. The document also covers inheritance patterns for blood groups, differences between human and animal hair/blood, and principles of blood group serology like ABO and Rh typing.
Dna fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting is a technique that analyzes variations in DNA sequences at specific locations in the genome to identify individuals. There are two main methods: RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and PCR (polymerase chain reaction). RFLP involves digesting DNA with restriction enzymes, separating fragments by size, and detecting with probes. PCR amplifies specific DNA regions defined by primer sequences. Short tandem repeats (STRs) are now commonly analyzed by PCR. DNA fingerprinting is used in criminal investigations to identify suspects or victims, and in resolving medical issues like paternity disputes. DNA databases help law enforcement match crime scene evidence to suspects.
Forensic science vocab unit 1
This document defines key terms used in forensic science. It lists 19 terms related to forensic pathology, anthropology, entomology, odontology, psychiatry, and science. Some terms describe post-mortem processes like algor mortis and rigor mortis. Others define forensic specialties or relate to evidence analysis and expert testimony in criminal cases. The document also lists several important historical figures who advanced techniques in fingerprint analysis, bullet matching, blood analysis and the concept of trace evidence exchange.
Cell structure and function for class 8
The document discusses cell theory, which describes cells as the basic structural and functional units of all living things. It outlines the three main points of cell theory: 1) all living things are made of one or more cells, 2) the cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things, and 3) all cells come from preexisting cells through cell division. The development of cell theory was enabled by advances in microscopy that allowed the discovery and study of cells in the mid-17th century. Cell theory is a foundational concept in biology.
Annelida
The document discusses the phylum Annelida. It covers their introduction, unique characters, general characters, morphology and anatomy, classification, harmful effects, and benefits. Annelida are segmented worms with a coelom, metameric segmentation, and cephalization. They exhibit homonomous metamerism and have three main body regions. Their anatomy includes systems like integumentary, digestive, circulatory, excretory, nervous, and reproductive. They are classified into classes like Polychaeta, Hirudinea, and Oligochaeta.
Genetics- Principles & Disoreders in Paediatric Dentistry
The document discusses genetics principles and disorders relevant to pediatric dentistry. It begins with an overview of the history of genetics including discoveries by Mendel, Watson, Crick and others. It then covers basic genetics terminology, DNA structure, karyotyping, chromosomal abnormalities, inheritance patterns, genetic disorders and genetic counseling. Specific topics discussed in more depth include trisomies, Klinefelter syndrome, chromosomal deletions, duplications and other structural abnormalities. The document provides foundational information on genetics and inheritance patterns important for pediatric dentistry.
Introduction to Forensic Science.ppt. forensic nursing
The document provides an introduction to forensic science, including definitions, history, importance, structure of forensic science laboratories, analytical techniques, and methods of lie detection. It defines forensic science as the application of scientific methods to criminal cases, dealing with analysis of evidence. Some key points include that the first autopsy was of Julius Caesar, the first forensic lab was established in Calcutta in 1957, and analytical techniques discussed include chromatography, electrophoresis, spectroscopy, and microscopy. Methods of lie detection explained are polygraph testing, narcoanalysis, and brain fingerprinting.
Cell theory.pptx
Living organisms have the characteristics of feeding, transporting, respiration, excretion, motion, sensation and reproduction. There are two types of organisms: unicellular organisms which consist of a single cell like amoebas and bacteria, and multicellular organisms which consist of many cells like humans, whales and trees. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in organisms and they vary greatly in shape, size, and function depending on their role. Scientists like Van Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow made important discoveries that led to the development of the cell theory which established that all living things are made up of one or more cells.
Zebrafish as a Model Organism.pptx
1. The zebrafish is a small tropical fish that is commonly used as a model organism in scientific research due to its optical transparency, rapid development, and genetic and physiological similarities to humans.
2. Key areas where zebrafish have provided insights include heart and fin regeneration, retinal development, understanding human pigmentation, cancer research, and studying autism spectrum disorder.
3. Their rapid development, external fertilization, and optical transparency allow researchers to easily observe and manipulate early developmental processes. Findings from zebrafish research have potential applications for advancing human health.
Body Imaging
This document provides information about medical imaging technologies. It discusses early theories of human anatomy from Greek thinkers like Galen. It then summarizes several key imaging technologies including microscopes, X-rays, ultrasound, and contrast agents. Microscopes allow viewing cells, while electron microscopes can view viruses. X-rays produce images of bones and tissues but contrast agents make other internal structures visible. Ultrasound uses sound waves to create static or moving images of internal tissues and organs. These technologies have advanced medical understanding and diagnosis.
Introduction to histology
This document provides an introduction to the field of histology. It defines histology as the study of tissues and organs under the microscope. The document discusses the types of microscopes used in histology, including light and electron microscopes. It also covers basic histological techniques like staining and the structures that different stains highlight. The four basic tissue types - epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues - are introduced along with examples of systemic histology looking at specific organ systems.
I UG Presentation 1.pptx
Cells are the basic units of life. All living things are made of cells, which contain organelles that allow the cell to function. Key organelles include the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, chloroplasts (in plant cells), and vacuoles (in plant cells). Cells combine to form tissues, tissues combine to form organs, and organs work together in organ systems to carry out essential functions. The modern understanding of cells developed from early microscope observations by Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, Schwann, and Schleiden, culminating in the cell theory proposed by Schwann and Schleiden that all organisms are made of one or more cells.
Class 11 Biology Structural Organisation in Animals (6)
Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. Organisms can be either unicellular, consisting of a single cell, or multicellular, composed of many cells. Unicellular organisms have cells that carry out all life functions, while multicellular organisms differentiate cells to take on specialized roles. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells come only from pre-existing cells, and the cell is the basic unit of structure and function.
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Plant responses to the environment
Plant responses to environmental stimuli are called tropisms. Tropisms describe the growth or turning movement of a plant in response to external factors and can be positive, towards the stimulus, or negative, away from the stimulus. The main tropisms include phototropism, where plants grow towards light; geotropism, where plants grow towards or against gravity; thigmotropism, where plants respond to physical touch; and hydrotropism, where plants sense and grow towards sources of water.
Protista Kingdom
Protists are eukaryotic organisms that are mostly single-celled and can reproduce both sexually and asexually. They are decomposers and consumers. There are three main groups of protists: fungus-like protists, plant-like protists called algae, and animal-like protists called protozoa. Protozoa move using flagella, cilia, pseudopods, or they cannot move if they are parasitic. Some disease-causing protists are Giardia, which causes diarrhea, and Plasmodium, which is carried by mosquitoes and causes malaria.
Seed plants characteristics
Seed plants have three main characteristics: 1) they have vascular tissue that transports nutrients and water throughout the plant, 2) they reproduce using seeds, and 3) they have a complex life cycle involving sporophytes and gametophytes. Seeds contain an embryo, stored food, and a protective seed coat. The embryo develops into a new plant, the stored food nourishes the embryo's growth, and the seed coat protects these parts. Leaves capture sunlight for photosynthesis, stems transport nutrients and provide structure/support, and roots anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients.
Plant kingdom characteristis
Plants share three key characteristics: they are eukaryotic, multicellular, and autotrophic, obtaining their energy through photosynthesis. They have five adaptations for living on land: obtaining water and minerals from soil through root systems; retaining water through a cuticle layer; transporting materials through vascular tissue and cells; supporting their bodies through leaves exposed to sunlight and vascular tissue; and most engaging in sexual reproduction through fertilization. Plants have a complex life cycle with two alternating stages - the sporophyte stage produces spores, while the gametophyte stage produces sex cells that fuse to form a zygote and restart the cycle.
Plant divisions mosses and ferns
The document summarizes the characteristics and life cycles of nonvascular and seedless vascular plants. It describes two divisions of plants - nonvascular plants like moss that lack roots, stems, and leaves, and vascular plants that have transport tissues. Moss and liverworts are examples of nonvascular plants that reproduce via alternation of generations between sporophyte and gametophyte stages. Ferns are an example of seedless vascular plants that have true stems, roots, and leaves called fronds. Their life cycle also involves alternation between sporophyte and gametophyte stages. Ferns and other seedless plants were important in forming peat bogs and peat, which was used as fuel.
Plant divisions gymnosperms and angiosperms
This document summarizes the key characteristics and divisions of vascular seed plants. It describes the two main groups, gymnosperms and angiosperms. Gymnosperms produce naked seeds on cone scales, lack flowers, and have needle-like or scale-like leaves. They are divided into four groups including conifers. Angiosperms enclose seeds in an ovary that develops into a fruit. They are characterized by flowers and are divided into monocots and dicots.
Plant characteristics
Plant characteristics include being made of cells with DNA, cell walls, and chloroplasts. They are multicellular producers that make their own food through photosynthesis. There are two main types of plants: nonvascular and vascular. Nonvascular plants like mosses and liverworts do not have roots, stems or leaves, lack vascular tissue, and reproduce through spores. Vascular plants contain vascular tissue to transport food and water, and some contain seeds while others reproduce through spores.
Parts of a flower
The document describes the main parts of a flower, including the petals that attract insects, the pistil made up of the stigma, style and ovary that receives and protects pollen and ovules, the stamens that contain pollen in anthers, and the sepals that protect the developing flower bud. It explains the functions of each part in plant reproduction, such as the style raising the stigma to reduce self-pollination and the ovary protecting the ovule to later become the fruit after fertilization.
Parts of a flower notes
This document describes the main parts of a flower, including the petals that attract insects, the pistil made up of the stigma, style and ovary that receives and protects pollen and ovules, the stamens that produce and release pollen, and the sepals that protect the developing flower bud. It provides details on the functions of each part in plant reproduction and fertilization.
Fungi Kingdom
Fungi are single or multi-cellular organisms that are eukaryotic, have cell walls, and reproduce via spores. There are several types of fungi including mushrooms, shelf fungi, molds, and yeasts. Fungi can act as decomposers to break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients or cause harm by destroying crops, spoiling food, and causing diseases in plants and animals.
5.00 History of time
Fossils, Molds, Casts provides information about fossils and the geological time scale. It aims to describe how fossils record Earth's history and evidence of evolution. Key points include that fossils are preserved plants and animals, the law of superposition establishes layer age relationships, and absolute dating determines fossil ages in years using radioisotope methods. The geological time scale is a calendar used by scientists to outline Earth and life history, broken into eras like the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic. Mass extinctions have occurred throughout Earth's history.
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Phones and personal music devices have changed significantly over time. The document discusses key concepts from evolution including species, adaptations, Charles Darwin, and his observations of finches in the Galapagos Islands. It notes that adaptations arise due to DNA mutations and are not chosen by organisms, helping them survive and reproduce based on their environment.
5.03 Evolution evidence
This document provides information about evidence for evolution through fossils, vestigial structures, similar skeletal structures, similar DNA, and similar embryonic structures. It defines key terms like fossils, ancestors, and vestigial structures. Examples of each type of evidence are described, such as whale leg bones as vestigial structures. Students are assigned a creative writing task or collage to explain the five types of evidence for evolution.
5.03 Evolution evidence
This document provides information about evidence for evolution through fossils, vestigial structures, similar skeletal structures, similar DNA, and similar embryonic structures. It defines key terms like fossils, ancestors, and vestigial structures. Examples of each type of evidence are described, such as whale leg bones as vestigial structures. Students are assigned a creative writing task or collage to explain the five types of evidence for evolution.
5.00 Animal adaptations
1. An adaptation is anything that helps an organism survive in its environment. Adaptations develop over many generations through evolution, not during an individual animal's lifetime.
2. There are several types of adaptations including structural adaptations like physical features, behavioral adaptations like ways animals act, camouflage to blend into surroundings, mimicry where animals resemble other dangerous species, and warning coloration where bright colors signal being poisonous.
3. Examples of adaptations include a bird's beak shape, a rabbit freezing when scared, a snake's camouflage patterns, a monarch butterfly mimicking the viceroy, and poisonous coral snakes having distinctive black-yellow-red banding.
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The document discusses theories about the Earth's history, including relative dating which estimates the age of fossils based on their position in layers, absolute dating which determines age based on unstable atoms, and the geologic time scale which outlines life on Earth. It also defines key terms like extinct species, Pangaea as the land once connected into one continent, and plate tectonics as the theory of crustal plates moving over time.
5.03 natural selection
This document provides notes on natural selection. It begins by stating the objective is to explain how natural selection works. It then outlines the four main steps of natural selection: 1) overproduction where each species produces more offspring than will survive, 2) genetic variation between individuals provides different traits that help or hurt survival, 3) struggle to survive and competition for limited resources means only some individuals survive to adulthood, 4) successful reproduction where the individuals best adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and pass on their genes, leading to evolution over long periods of time. Examples of adaptations like camouflage and fast swimming are provided. The document asks questions to check understanding of natural vs artificial selection and factors controlling natural selection.
5.00 Animal phylum
1. Animals are multicellular organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms. They are classified as vertebrates, which have backbones, or invertebrates, which do not.
2. The document describes several animal phyla - Cnidaria, which includes jellyfish and coral, have stinging cells; Annelida includes segmented worms; Mollusks have a muscular foot and shells; Echinodermata are spiny with radial symmetry and tube feet; Arthropoda are the most successful and include insects, spiders, and crustaceans; and Chordata are backboned and include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
3.
5.00 dichotomous keys 2010
Dichotomous keys are tools used by scientists to classify organisms. They are arranged in steps with two descriptive statements at each step, where one statement leads to the next step or the name of the organism. Dichotomous keys help scientists methodically sort and identify organisms based on observable characteristics.
5.07 classification kingdoms
This document outlines the six kingdoms of classification: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plant, and Animal. It provides details on the key characteristics of each kingdom, including whether they are prokaryotic or eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, producers or consumers, and how they reproduce. Examples are given for each kingdom, such as archaebacteria living in extreme environments, eubacteria including decomposer bacteria, protista including algae and amoebas, fungi being decomposers like mushrooms and mold, plants being producers that undergo photosynthesis, and animals being able to move and being consumers.
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Forensic science vocab unit 4
- 2. 1. A-B-O system - Categorizes the properties of blood into three different blood types. 2. Arch fingerprints - Have ridge lines which start on one side and exit on the other side of the print 3. Latent fingerprints - Made by the oil and perspiration on a finger that is deposited on a surface.
- 3. 4. Loop fingerprints - Characterized by ridge lines that enter on one side, loop around, and exit on the same side. 5. Luminol - A very sensitive test to identify bloodstains, which can show blood even when it has been diluted up to 300,000 times. 6. Hemoglobin A protein that transports oxygen and gives blood its red coloring.
- 4. 7. Herbert L. MacDonell - Has studied bloodstains extensively and has offered a number of important observations about bloodstains. 8. Medulla - A set of cells that runs through a hair. 9. Mitochondrial DNA - Found in small structures outside the nucleus of a cell and is inherited from the biological mother.
- 5. 10. Morphology - Hairโs form and structure. 11. Nuclear DNA - Found in the nucleus of a cell and is inherited from both biological parents. 12. Plastic prints - Prints created when the finger touches a soft material like soap or putty.
- 6. 13. Precipitin test Used to distinguish between animal and human blood. 14. Kastle-Meyer color test - Preliminary test to determine if a stain is blood or not. This test mixes a sample of the dried substance with the chemical phenolphthalein and hydrogen peroxide. 15. Reflected Ultraviolet Imaging System (RUVIS) Aims UV light at areas where fingerprints may be to identify them.
- 7. 13. Visible fingerprints - Created when a surface is touched after the finger has been in contact with another substance, such as blood, ink, or paint. 14. Whorl fingerprints - Have ridge patterns that are circular in shape with two deltas.