Foot injuries
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This document discusses various foot injuries in three areas: rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot. In the rearfoot, it describes plantar fasciitis, fat pad contusion, and calcaneal stress fractures. Plantar fasciitis is a degenerative condition of the plantar fascia caused by repetitive microtrauma. Fat pad contusions result from falls onto the heel. Stress fractures of the calcaneus can be seen on bone scans. In the midfoot, it discusses navicular stress fractures, extensor tendonitis, and midtarsal joint sprains. Navicular stress fractures require bone scans and CT scans for diagnosis. Extensor tendonitis causes dorsal midfoot pain. In the fore
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Lisfranc injury
This document provides information on Lisfranc injuries, which involve fractures or dislocations of the tarsometatarsal joint complex of the midfoot. It describes the anatomy of the Lisfranc joint, classification of injuries, evaluation, treatment options, postoperative care, outcomes, and complications. Lisfranc injuries can range from mild sprains to severely displaced fractures and dislocations and are often difficult to diagnose due to swelling obscuring physical exam findings. Treatment may involve closed reduction and casting for non-displaced or mildly displaced injuries, while more severe injuries typically require open reduction and internal fixation with screws.
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Please find the power point on Fracture of Talus with well diagrammatic explanation from very reliable sources. If you need such a power point on different topics related with MBBS then please write it on comment section. Thank you
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This document summarizes information about congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia (CPT), including:
1. CPT is characterized by a spontaneous fracture that heals poorly, often associated with anterolateral bowing of the tibia. While the term is a misnomer, an alternative name has not been established.
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This document discusses various injuries to the ankle and foot, including:
- The anatomy of the ankle joint and ligaments that support it.
- Common ankle injuries like sprains, fractures of the medial/lateral malleolus, and fractures of the calcaneum.
- Clinical features, radiological examinations, and treatment approaches for different types of ankle and foot injuries. Conservative treatment involves immobilization, while surgical treatment may be needed for displaced fractures or chronic injuries. Complications can include stiffness, arthritis, and long-term impairment.
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This document discusses fractures and dislocations of the hand. It begins with basic hand anatomy and principles of management for hand injuries. It then discusses specific injuries including Bennett's fracture of the thumb, Rolando fracture of the thumb base, and fractures of the thumb carpometacarpal joint. It also covers fractures of the finger metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints. Treatment options including splinting, pinning, and plating are described for various injuries. The goal is to address the injury while maximizing joint mobility and function.
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This document discusses cubitus varus, which is a deformity where the forearm is deviated inward at the elbow joint, reducing the normal valgus angle. It describes the causes, types, clinical examination findings, measurements on x-rays, and treatment options. The most common treatment involves corrective osteotomy, with various techniques described such as lateral closing wedge osteotomy, medial open wedge osteotomy, oblique osteotomy, and dome osteotomy. Complications of osteotomy include stiffness, nerve injury, persistent or recurrent deformity, non-union, and skin issues.
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This document discusses tibial pilon fractures, which involve fractures of the distal tibial articular surface. Key points include:
1) The term "tibial pilon" was first used in 1911 to describe the distal tibia resembling a pestle. Pilon fractures account for 7-10% of tibial fractures and usually result from high-energy mechanisms.
2) Classification systems include the Rüedi-Allgöwer system (based on articular displacement/comminution) and the AO/OTA system (which further subdivides based on extra-articular involvement and comminution).
3) Treatment involves restoring tibial alignment, stabilizing the fracture to facilitate union,
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HOW TO READ CXR
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This document contains information about various fractures and injuries that can be identified on x-rays. It provides descriptions and imaging examples of fractures of the upper extremity, lower extremity, spine, shoulder, foot and ankle. Examples discussed include scaphoid fractures, supracondylar humerus fractures, hip fractures, tibial plateau fractures, and Jones fractures. Treatment options like open reduction and internal fixation or halo immobilization are also mentioned for some injuries.
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Similar to Foot injuries
Ankle injuries by sunil
common injuries of foot and ankle in sports and common during activity, overview of foot and ankle injuries.
The foot
The foot can be divided into the hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot. It contains three arches that provide springiness to walking. The foot functions to provide support, balance, and mobility through ankle movements like plantarflexion and dorsiflexion. Common foot deformities include equinus, calcaneus, varus, and valgus feet. Clinical assessment involves examining gait, deformities, swelling, and performing range of motion and muscle tests. Common foot issues discussed include congenital conditions like clubfoot, acquired conditions like hallux valgus and rigidus, paralyzed feet, and causes of foot pain such as plantar fasciitis, stress fractures, and Morton's neuroma
Patella and tibial plateau fractures
This document discusses patella and tibial plateau fractures. It describes the anatomy and mechanisms of injury for each. For patella fractures, it outlines types including undisplaced transverse, displaced transverse, comminuted, and vertical fractures. Clinical features and treatment options are provided for each type, including closed reduction, open reduction and internal fixation, and partial/total patellectomy. For tibial plateau fractures, the Schatzker classification system is described along with clinical features and treatment depending on fracture type, including closed treatment, open reduction and internal fixation. Complications of each injury are also mentioned.
Soft Tissue Injuries of Ankle & Foot.pptx
The document provides information on common ankle and foot injuries. It describes:
1) The anatomy of the ankle joint and classifications of ankle fractures including external rotation, abduction, adduction, and compression fractures.
2) Common foot fractures such as fractures of the talus, calcaneus, and metatarsals. Jones' fracture of the fifth metatarsal is also described.
3) Soft tissue injuries around the ankle including plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinitis, shin splints, and turf toe are summarized with causes, signs, and treatment approaches.
Ankle sprain
Ankle sprains are common injuries that can range from mild to severe depending on the ligament damage. The most common type is a lateral ankle sprain caused by foot inversion. Treatment involves RICE (rest, ice, compression, and elevation) followed by rehabilitation exercises and bracing to promote healing and prevent reinjury. For severe or recurrent sprains, surgery may be considered to repair damaged ligaments and increase stability.
Ankle sprain
Ankle sprains are common injuries that can range from mild to severe depending on the ligament damage. The most common type is a lateral ankle sprain caused by foot inversion. Treatment involves RICE (rest, ice, compression, and elevation) followed by rehabilitation exercises and bracing. For severe or recurrent sprains, surgery may be considered to repair ruptured ligaments and reduce instability. Proper rehabilitation is important to aid recovery and prevent chronic issues.
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The document discusses fractures of the bones in the foot, including the metatarsals and phalanges. It describes the anatomy of the foot bones and their divisions. It discusses the causes, presentations, findings and treatments for different types of metatarsal fractures, including stress fractures, shaft fractures, neck fractures, and fractures of the fifth metatarsal. It also covers phalangeal fractures of the toes. Treatment options discussed include closed reduction, percutaneous pinning, open reduction and internal fixation with plates or screws.
Bone and joint injury
This document provides an overview of examining bone and joint injuries. It discusses taking a history, performing a local examination including inspection, palpation, measurements, and range of motion testing. It describes different types of fractures caused by direct, indirect, and muscular trauma. Complications of fractures and dislocations are outlined including general complications like infection, as well as local complications like malunion, avascular necrosis, and Volkmann's ischemic contracture. Diagnosis of fractures, dislocations, and sprains is discussed. Finally, special investigations for bone and joint injuries like x-rays, bone scans, and arthroscopy are mentioned.
Ankle and Foot Fractures.docx
Ankle and foot fractures are common injuries that require immobilization or surgery followed by physical therapy. Physiotherapists play an important role in rehabilitation by addressing range of motion, strength, and functional mobility deficits caused by fractures and associated soft tissue damage. Treatment involves casting or surgery to properly align bone fragments, followed by progressive weight bearing and exercises under physiotherapy guidance to restore function and prevent long-term issues like osteoarthritis. Outcome measures evaluate factors like pain, activity level, and quality of life to assess recovery.
Orthopedics 5th year, 6th/part two & 7th/part one lectures (Dr. Ali A.Nabi)
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1. Supracondylar fractures of the femur usually occur due to low-energy trauma in elderly patients or high-energy trauma in young patients near the knee.
2. Fractures of the knee region include patellar fractures from direct blows, femoral condyle fractures from axial loading with twisting forces, and tibial plateau fractures most commonly from falls.
3. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the fracture, ranging from bracing for nondisplaced fractures to open reduction and internal fixation for displaced or unstable fractures.Pes cavus
This document defines and describes cavus foot, including its causes, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment options. A cavus foot has an abnormally high arch and accompanying toe deformities. Causes include neuromuscular conditions like Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and polio. Clinical features include a high arch and clawing of the toes. Diagnosis involves physical exam and x-rays. Treatment depends on flexibility and severity but may include tendon lengthening, osteotomies, and joint fusions to correct deformities in the forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot. The goal is to create a plantigrade foot.
Lisfranc injury-
The document discusses Lisfranc injuries, which involve fractures or ligament tears around the tarsometatarsal joint complex of the midfoot. It provides details on the anatomy of the Lisfranc joint and ligaments, classification systems for injuries, mechanisms of injury, clinical and radiographic evaluation methods, and treatment approaches including casting, surgery, and postoperative care. Surgical treatment aims to restore anatomical alignment through open reduction and internal fixation, while nonsurgical treatment is considered for minor injuries with little displacement. Complications can include arthritis, deformity, and hardware issues if not properly treated.
Lateral ankle sprain presentation, Details about LAS
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Club foot
This document provides an overview of clubfoot, including its history, classification, evaluation, and management. Some key points:
- Clubfoot is a congenital foot deformity characterized by equinus, adduction, and varus. Dr. Scarpa made early contributions to conservative management in the 18th century.
- Classification systems evaluate reducibility and deformity severity. Management involves serial casting or soft tissue releases for mild cases, and more extensive soft tissue and bone procedures for severe deformities. Surgical options include posteromedial release, McKay procedure, and triple arthrodesis.
- External fixation frames can also be used in a minimally invasive approach to gradually correct deformities.
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Ankle sprain
This document discusses ankle sprains, including the anatomy, classification, grading, examination, and management. It notes that ankle sprains are common injuries presenting to emergency departments. The three main types of ankle sprains are lateral, medial, and syndesmotic. Grades range from I to III based on the severity of ligament tearing. Examination involves special tests like the squeeze, talar tilt, and anterior drawer. Initial management consists of RICE along with exercises to maintain range of motion. Rehabilitation focuses on functional exercises and proprioception training to aid return to activity and prevent chronic instability. Surgery may be considered in severe cases involving ligament ruptures.
L13 ankle ligament injuries
This document provides an overview of common ligamentous and tendon injuries around the ankle. It describes the anatomy of the ankle joint and surrounding ligaments. It then discusses the evaluation and treatment of lateral and medial ankle sprains, syndesmotic injuries, ankle dislocations, Achilles tendon ruptures, and peroneal tendon dislocations. For each injury, the document outlines the typical mechanism, clinical findings, imaging evaluation, classification systems, and non-surgical and surgical management approaches.
Orthopedics 5th year, 9th lecture (Dr. Ali A.Nabi)
Ankle and foot injuries can include ligament sprains, fractures, and tendon injuries. The most common ankle injury is a lateral ankle sprain caused by inversion of the foot. Ankle sprains are graded based on severity from grade 1 to 3. Fractures of the ankle include fractures of the medial and lateral malleoli. Other injuries discussed include fractures of the talus, calcaneus, metatarsals and phalanges. Injuries are treated initially with RICE and rehabilitation, while more severe injuries may require surgery. Complications can include malunion, nonunion, arthritis and tendonitis.
Sports medicine and arthroscopic surgery of the foot and ankle
Turf toe refers to injuries of the great toe joint, usually from hyperextension on artificial turf surfaces. It can involve ligament sprains or injuries to other structures like cartilage, sesamoids, or tendons. A thorough clinical exam and imaging are needed to properly diagnose the injured structures. MRI is helpful to evaluate the full extent of injuries. Turf toe injuries are classified based on severity from grade 1 (mild ligament strain) to grade 3 (complete ligament tear with joint instability). Failure to properly diagnose all injured structures can lead to misunderstanding of the injury and worse long-term outcomes.
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Foot injuries
- 1. Foot Injuries Dr.R.G.Unnikrishnan MD(Ay) Associate Professor & HOD, Vaidyaratnam.P.S.Varier Ayurveda College Kottakkal Malappuram Dist, Kerala drrgunni@gmail.com www.ayursuccess.org1
- 3. 1.Rear foot a) Plantar Fasciitis b) Fat Pad Contusion c) Calcaneal Stress Fractures 3
- 4. a) Plantar Fasciitis It is a degenerative condition of the plantar aponeurosis. It is caused by repetitive microtrauma as part of an overuse syndrome. 4
- 5. Plantar fascia It is a dense fibrous membrane that extends the entire length of the foot, from the calcaneal tubercle to the proximal phalanges. It protects the underside of the foot and helps support the arches. 5
- 6. Predisposing factors May be anatomic, such as pes cavus or pes planus, leg length discrepancy, or excessive pronation; or biomechanical, such as poor foot gear, muscle tightness, nerve entrapment, or over-training. 6
- 7. Clinical features Pain occurs on initial standing, as the plantar fascia contracts during sleep. On examination, there is usually point tenderness at the medial calcaneal tuberosity. 7
- 8. b) Fat Pad Contusion Contusion occurs as an acute injury after a fall onto the heel or chronically as a result of excessive heel strike, such as long jumping. 8
- 9. c) Calcaneal Stress Fractures Stress fractures can be shown with a radioisotopic bone scan. 9
- 10. 2. Midfoot a)Navicular Stress Fracture b)Extensor Tendonitis c)Midtarsal Joint Sprains 10
- 11. a) Navicular Stress Fracture It is important to diagnose this condition, as significant morbidity is associated with non- union. Dorsal foot pain and pain and tenderness over the navicular are clinically suggestive. Isotopic bone scan and follow-up CT scan are required for complete diagnosis. 11
- 12. b) Extensor Tendonitis It will cause an ache over the dorsal aspect of the mid foot and insertion of tibialis anterior. The extensor tendons may be weakened and strengthening is essential. 12
- 13. c) Midtarsal Joint Sprains • Happen occasionally, specially when instability of the foot is present. • In particular, the calcaneonavicular ligament may be injured. 13
- 14. 3. Forefoot a) Metatarsal Stress Fractures b) First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Sprain c) Sesamoid Injuries 14
- 15. a) Metatarsal Stress Fractures • Pt. complains of fore-foot pain, aggravated by running or weight bearing activities. • Neck of the second metatarsal is the most common site of pain. • Bone scan may be needed to confirm the diagnosis. • Most difficult fractures to manage are those at the base of the second metatarsal, the proximal shaft of the fifth metatarsal, and the sesamoid bones. 15
- 16. • Acute inversion injury of the foot may cause avulsion of the peroneal brevis tendon, or fracture of the proximal shaft of the fifth metatarsal (Jones fracture). • This fracture often results in non-union. 16
- 17. b) First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Sprain • Occurs as a result of excessive forced dorsiflexion of the first MTP joint, and is referred to as “turf toe”. • History of vigourous “bending” at the first MTP joint, with pain on movement. • Injury involves a sprain of the plantar capsule and ligament. 17
- 18. c) Sesamoid Injuries • Include traumatic fracture, stress fracture, and sprain of a bipartite sesamoid. • Usually associated with marked tenderness and swelling in the sesamoid region. • Patient will often walk with their weight borne laterally to compensate. 18
- 19. ………..end 19