This document provides an overview of nursing theories presented by Florence Nightingale, Faye Glenn Abdellah, and Virginia Henderson. It discusses Nightingale's environmental theory, emphasis on holistic care and hygiene. It outlines Abdellah's 21 nursing problems framework and focus on patient-centered care and research. Finally, it examines Henderson's definition of nursing, identification of basic human needs, and views on promoting independence and holistic care. The presentation aims to educate students on the important contributions and lasting impacts of these pioneering nurse theorists.

1. Florence Nightingale
Faye Glenn Abdellah
Virginia Henderson
NURSING THEORIES PRESENTATION
Group presentation
Members:
• Khursheed Ahmed
• Arbaz Khan
• Hanan Justin
• Zain ul abideen
• Sohail Khan
• Lubna Anderyas
Subject: Nursing theories
Faculty: Sir Aman
Presentation date: 07-june-2023

2. Objectives
At the end of the presentation students will be able to:
To know who is Florence nightingale
To know who is faye glenn abdellah
To know who is virginia Henderson
To understand the theories of above personalities
To know the importance of the theories of the above personalities
To understand the motives of their lives
To understand nursing theories and their reasons for being founded

3. Florence Nightingale
• Known as Founder of modern nursing
• Born: May 12, 1829
• Nursing Education: 1851 trained in Germany
at a Protestant religious community with a
hospital and after 3 months she was declared
trained as a nurse
• Nickname: The Lady with the Lamp – she
made ward rounds during the night providing
emotional comfort to the wounded soldiers

4. Florence Nightingale theories
Here are some of Florence Nightingale's theories and ideas about nursing:
Environmental theory:
• Nightingale believed that the environment played a crucial role in healing and
recovery. She emphasized the importance of clean air, pure water, proper drainage,
and adequate sunlight in promoting health and preventing diseases. Nightingale
advocated for sanitary conditions in hospitals and implemented measures to
improve cleanliness and ventilation.

5. Holistic Care:
• Nightingale emphasized the importance of holistic care, considering patients as
unique individuals with physical, psychological, and social needs. She believed that
nursing should address all aspects of a patient's well-being, providing care that
encompasses body, mind, and spirit.
Personal Hygiene:
• Nightingale stressed the significance of personal hygiene for both patients and
nurses. She advocated for regular bathing, clean clothing, and proper handwashing
to prevent the spread of infection. Nightingale recognized that maintaining personal
personal hygiene was essential for preventing disease transmission.

6. Nursing Education and Professionalism:
• Nightingale emphasized the need for formal nursing education and professional
development. She established the Nightingale Training School for Nurses, which
provided rigorous training in nursing skills, ethics, and patient care. Nightingale
believed that nursing should be a respected profession with specialized knowledge
and skills.
Importance of Florence Nightingale’s nursing theories:
• Florence Nightingale's theories and contributions have had a profound impact on
nursing practice, education, and healthcare reform. Her emphasis on evidence-
based practice, environmental factors, holistic care, and professionalism continues to
to shape and guide the field of nursing, benefiting patients and healthcare systems
worldwide.

7. Faye Glenn Abdellah
• Faye Glenn Abdellah was a nurse and
researcher who made significant
contributions to the field of nursing
theory and practice. She developed a
conceptual framework known as the
"Twenty-One Nursing Problems" and
focused on patient-centered care and
nursing research. Here are some key
theories associated with Faye Glenn
Abdellah:

8. Faye Glenn Abdellah Theories
Here are some of Faye Glenn Abdellah's theories and ideas about nursing:
Twenty-One Nursing Problems:
• Abdellah's most notable contribution is her framework of the "Twenty-One Nursing
Problems." These problems cover a range of patient needs and serve as a guide for
nurses to assess, plan, and provide care. The problems address physical, emotional,
social, and spiritual aspects of patient care and help nurses identify and address
patients' unique needs.

9. Patient-Centered Care:
• Abdellah emphasized the importance of patient-centered care. She believed that
nursing care should be tailored to the individual patient's needs, values, and
preferences. Her theories focused on developing a therapeutic nurse-patient
relationship and providing care that respects the dignity and autonomy of the
patient.
Health Promotion and Maintenance:
• Abdellah emphasized the role of nurses in promoting and maintaining optimal
health. She recognized that nursing care extends beyond illness treatment and
includes health education, preventive measures, and lifestyle interventions.
Abdellah's theories stressed the importance of empowering patients to take an
active role in their health and make informed decisions.

10. Nursing Research:
• Abdellah was a strong advocate for nursing research and evidence-based practice.
She believed that nursing should be based on sound scientific principles and that
nurses should actively participate in research activities. Abdellah's work encouraged
nurses to engage in research, contribute to nursing knowledge, and use research
findings to improve patient care.
Importance of Faye Glenn Abdellah’s theories:
• Faye Glenn Abdellah's theories focused on patient-centered care, health promotion,
and nursing research. Her conceptual framework of the "Twenty-One Nursing
Problems" continues to be used as a foundation for nursing assessment and care
planning.

11. Virginia Henderson
• Virginia Henderson was a nurse,
researcher, and theorist known for her
influential work in the field of nursing.
She developed a nursing theory known
as the "Henderson's Need Theory" or
the "Definition of Nursing."

12. Virginia Henderson Theories
Here are some of Virginia Handerson's theories and ideas about nursing:
Definition of Nursing:
• Henderson defined nursing as "assisting individuals, sick or well, in the performance
of those activities contributing to health or its recovery that they would perform
unaided if they had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge." According to her
theory, the role of nurses is to help individuals meet their basic needs and regain
independence in carrying out activities of daily living.

13. Basic Human Needs:
• Henderson's theory was based on the concept of basic human needs. She identified
14 basic needs that individuals require to achieve optimal health. These needs
include breathing, eating and drinking, elimination, movement and posture, sleep
and rest, cleanliness, and others. Henderson believed that nursing care should focus
on assessing and meeting these basic needs.
Holistic Care:
• Henderson emphasized the importance of holistic care in nursing practice. She
believed that nursing should address the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual
spiritual dimensions of individuals. Her theory advocated for a comprehensive
approach that considers the entirety of the individual's well-being.

14. Independence and Self-Care:
• Henderson emphasized the importance of promoting independence and self-care
in patients. She believed that nursing interventions should aim to help patients
regain and maintain their ability to care for themselves. Nurses should educate and
assist patients in developing self-care skills and provide support when patients are
unable to meet their needs independently.
Importance of virginia Henderson’s theories:
• Virginia Henderson's theories have had a significant impact on nursing practice,
education, and research. Her emphasis on meeting basic human needs, promoting
independence, and providing holistic care continues to shape contemporary nursing
practice.

15. References
• Nursing Theories: A Framework for Professional Practice: A Framework for
Professional Practice
• Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice (by Marlaine C. Smith PhD RN AHN-BC
HWNC-BC)
• Article: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33950115
• Article: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21485946
• Article: https://nurseslabs.com/faye-g-abdellahs-21-nursing-problems-theory
• chatGPT: https://chat.openai.com/

17. There is no limit to your knowledge and love;
In the instrument of nature there is no sweeter song than you.