This document discusses load and stress testing web applications using Apache JMeter. It provides an overview of identifying bottlenecks in a system, how HTTP requests and responses work, and how to use Apache JMeter to perform load and stress tests. Key features of JMeter like installing it, creating test plans, running tests, and viewing results are described. The document also covers more advanced JMeter functions such as using variables, parsing responses, and running tests from the command line using Apache Ant.

1. Find the Bottleneck
of Your System
Load / Stress Test with JMeter
StarNight

2. Who am I?
潘建宏 / Jian-Hong Pan (StarNight)
About Me : http://about.me/StarNight
出沒在～
GitHub : starnight
PTT : zack2004
plurk : StarNight
Facebook : StarNight
目前繼續在種花店當個打雜園丁 ～

3. Outline
● The Bottleneck
● Web / HTTP(S)
○ Request / Response Header and Body
● Load / Stress Test
● Apache JMeter
○ Installation
○ UI Description
○ Test Plan
○ Read Result
○ Parsing and Variables

4. The Bottleneck
● The operation of a system is the cooperation
between many parts.
○ Nodes(Termial, Server)：Clients, Server, DB
○ Connections(Communication)
● The whole system will reach the planned
efficiency, only if each part meets the
planned efficiency criteria.
DB
Server
(Web AP)
Clients
Possible
Bottleneck
Possible Bottleneck
Possible Bottleneck
Possible Bottleneck Possible Bottleneck

5. Web / HTTP(S)
● It is the protocol between Client and Web
Servers
○ W3C: HTTP Specifications and Drafts
○ IETF: RFC 2616 Hypertext Transfer Protocol / 1.1
■ 4.2 Message Headers, 4.3 Message Body
■ 5.1.1 Method
■ 6.1.1 Status Code and Reason Phrase
● HTTPS: Use SSL certificate to encrypt HTTP
Server
(Web AP)
Clients
HTTP(S) Request
HTTP(S) Response

6. HTTP Request Header
& Body we can see
Secured HTTP Request
Header & Body

7. Even though the HTTP is encrypted, you still see the plain text in the browser

8. ● Composite of
○ Request-Line
■ Method sp Request-URI sp HTTP-Version
○ general-header | request-header | entity-header
○ message-body
● Method
○ OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE,
TRACE, CONNECT
● Request-URI
○ "*" | absoluteURI | abs_path | authority
● Content-Type
HTTP Request (5)

9. HTTP Response (6)
● Composite of
○ Status-Line
■ HTTP-Version sp Status-Code sp Reason-Phrase
○ general-header | response-header | entity-header
○ message-body
● Status Code and Reason Phrase
○ 1xx: Informational
○ 2xx: Success
○ 3xx: Redirection
○ 4xx: Client Error
○ 5xx: Server Error

10. Load / Stress Test
● Load Test
○ Load testing examines the entire environment and
database, while measuring the response time.
● Stress Test
○ Stress testing focuses on identified transactions,
pushing to a level so as to break transactions or
systems.
DB
Server
(Web AP)
Clients
Super Node
HTTP(S) Request
HTTP(S) Response
probe probe
probe
Flow Generator

11. Apache JMeter
● Java application designed to load test
functional behavior and measure
performance.
It was originally designed for testing Web
Applications but has since expanded to other
test functions.
● http://jmeter.apache.org/
● Apache License Version 2.0
● Getting Started (User’s Manual)
Open Source
is Awesome!

12. Installation
● Download Page:
○ http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi
● Requires Java 6 or later
● Excute bin/jmeter.sh or bin/jmeter.bat
● Using JMeter behind a proxy
○ Append the arguments “--proxyHost ProxyServer --
proxyPort ProxyPort” after the ApacheJMeter.jar
command in bin/jmeter.sh or bin/jmeter.bat

13. UI Description
Test Plan related: Thread, Query Script, Header ...
Workbench to
make Test Plan
How to run the Test Plan
Global User Defined Variables
Start / Stop Test Clear Test Result

14. Test Plan - Thread Group

15. Test Plan - Test Script Recorder
Browser
JMeter Proxy
Target
Client
X
There are only HTTP requests and Response
in the World Wide Web.

16. Open a browser which will go through this proxy

17. Test Plan - HTTP Request

18. Test Plan - HTTP Cookie Manager
Cookie - Session
IETF: RFC 6265 / 8.4

19. Test Plan - HTTP Request Defaults
Variables Default Values

20. Test Plan: Many other scenarios
● How to use a CSV file with JMeter
○ Many usernames and paswwords for exmaple
● Upload and Download Scenarios with
Apache JMeter
○ Upload files tests
● And so on ...

21. Test Plan - View Results Tree

22. Test Plan - Summary Report

23. Many other listeners ...

24. Run the Test Plan

25. Read Result - View Results Tree

26. Read Result - Summary Report

27. Parsing

28. Extract Variables
(.*?)
Variables will be
URL_g1, URL_g2

29. Place Variables
${URL_g1}
${URL_g2}

30. Verify Variables

31. Apache Ant
● 5 Ways To Launch a JMeter
Test without Using the JMeter
GUI
● JMeter Ant Task
● To have a test report in HTML
form
● One may need to add Ant into
the enviroment variable PATH

32. Use JMeter Ant addon
1. Download Apache Ant and install it
2. Add Ant’s directory into PATH
3. Use the command line:
a. cd Apache JMeters’s extras directory
b. ant -Dtest=Test Plan’s File Name -Dtestpath=Path of
the Test Plan’s File
For example: I put the test.jmx on my desktop
$ cd C:UsersjhpanDesktopapache-jmeter-2.13extras
$ ant -Dtest=test -Dtestpath=C:UsersjhpanDesktop

34. Thank you ~