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This document describes a smart metering system designed for developing countries. It includes portable battery kits that households can use to power lights and devices, and recharge at energy kiosks. A request was made for a smart metering system to monitor individual household energy usage on a microgrid. The designed system includes meters with microcontrollers that measure and transmit usage data via RS-485 communication. The main meter can also send and receive SMS messages for customer updates and remote disconnect/reconnect. A dashboard displays usage data for monitoring. The final deliverable is a wall-mountable meter and monitoring dashboard to help utilities better understand patterns.
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WIRELESS POWER THEFT MONITORING SYSTEM
Power larceny is the sizably voluminous quandary now days which causes immensely colossal loss to electricity boards. And to surmount these losses prices are incremented. So if we can obviate this larceny we can preserve lots of potency. The mundane practice for power larceny is to short input output terminals or to place magnet on the wheel in case of old meters. In this system a micro controller is interfaced with an energy metering circuit current sensing circuit, RF communication & a contactor to make or break power line. If current is drawing & energy pulses are mundane then no puissance is larceny. If current is drawing & energy pulses are not coming then it designates power larceny. So microcontroller trip the o/p utilizing relay. This information is sent to substation utilizing wireless communication. Line faults may be caused due to over current or earth fault. If there transpires to be a connection between two phase lines then over current fault occurs. Earth fault occurs due to the earthing of phase line through cross arm or any other way.
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The document discusses a smart energy meter theft detection system using IoT. It proposes using an Arduino board connected to sensors to monitor two energy meters - one for a paid customer and one for an unpaid customer. If the unpaid customer's usage exceeds a limit, an alert would be sent via WiFi modules. If the customer does not pay their bill, a command would be sent to the server to cut off the unpaid customer's power supply. The system aims to reduce electricity theft and help utilities better monitor energy usage and bill payment.
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Wireless Monitors
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Tech seminar
This document describes a microcontroller-based system for monitoring electricity theft. The system uses a wireless sensor network with four modules: a controlling station, wireless transformer sensor nodes, transmission line sensor nodes, and wireless consumer sensor nodes. The consumer nodes measure power usage and transmit data to the transformer nodes. The transformer nodes aggregate this data and transmit it to the controlling station. This network allows detection of differences between measured and reported usage, indicating potential power theft or line faults. The system aims to reduce energy losses from theft and improve grid monitoring.
IT and the smart grid, Peter Will,Information Sciences Institute, USC'
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The document discusses the history and current state of electrical grids and the opportunities for information technology (IT) to create smarter grids, known as "smart grids". Key points include:
- Current grids lack sensors, IT, and ability to self-heal from failures or adapt in real-time. Upgrades are needed for reliability, efficiency, and integration of renewable energy.
- A smart grid would incorporate two-way communication between utilities and consumers using IT to remotely monitor, control, and optimize the grid. This allows for demand response, time-of-use pricing, and automated recovery from failures.
- Research is needed in areas like advanced metering, communications networks, security, fault detection and prevention,Avr based smart electricity meter
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The document describes the design of a smart meter that measures power consumption of electrical devices and transmits the data to a power supplier company. It implements the smart meter using a PIC microcontroller that measures voltage and current using analog inputs and algorithms. It displays the measurements on an LCD and transmits the data using a GSM modem. The smart meter also calculates the power factor using timers to measure the phase difference between voltage and current.
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In India, where the economy is mainly base on agriculture and the climatic conditions are isotropic and are not
able to make full use of agricultural resources. The main reason is the lack of rains and scarifies of land
reservoir water and overused of fertilizers so we need to control these parameters. This system made wireless
sensor network for monitoringagricultural environments for various factors such as NPK, temperature and
humidity along with other factors can be of significance.By using pH sensors we get the information about the
soil and analyze the acid level of the soil. By which we can apply fertilizer to the place where it needs, also we
can avoid over fertilization of the crops. We used humidity sensor to sense the weather. By this the farmer can
get idea about the climate. If there is any chance for rainfall; the farmer need not irrigate the crop field. This
Seminar reports the design and development of a smart wireless sensor network (WSN) for an agricultural
environment. Monitoring agricultural environments for various factors such as Nitrates, Zink, Potassium,
Phosphorus, Humidity and Temperature along with other factors can be of significance. The ability to document
and detail changes in parameters of interest has become increasingly valuable. Investigations were performed
for a remote monitoring system using WiFi, where the wireless sensor nodes are based on WSN802G modules.
These nodes send data wirelessly to a central server, which collects the data, stores it and allows it to be
analyzed and displayed as needed.
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This report gives a comprehensive overview of the potential benefits of the smart meters and how they can save billions of rupees to Pakistan over a short period of time. Furthermore, it convinces the reader how the world is actively allocating its resources towards smart meters and how Pakistan is in desperate need of efficient use of energy which can only be facilitated b smart meters.
Wireless power theft monitoring
This document proposes a microcontroller-based wireless power theft monitoring system. The system architecture includes wireless sensor nodes that measure power consumption at transformers and along transmission lines, and report the data to a central control station. The sensor nodes communicate via Zigbee wireless technology. By comparing measured and reported power values, the system can detect differences indicating power theft or transmission line faults. The system aims to reduce power losses from theft and improve energy monitoring in India's electrical grid.
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International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
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The document discusses a proposed wireless networking architecture for smart grid applications. It first introduces smart grids and their key characteristics of being observable, controllable, automated and integrated. It then discusses existing wireless communication networks using Zigbee protocols and their challenges. The objective of the proposed architecture is to develop a wireless relay network to communicate between sensor and control networks that can find reliable links when nodes fail. It plans to use main and sub-relays to communicate between different lanes or areas.
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This document discusses wireless sensor network applications and energy consumption. It provides examples of WSN applications including disaster relief, environment monitoring, healthcare, and more. It then discusses various factors that influence energy consumption in sensor nodes, including operation states, microcontroller usage, radio transceivers, memory, and the relationship between computation and communication. Specific power consumption numbers are given for different components like radios, sensors, and microprocessors. The goals of optimization for WSNs are discussed as quality of service, energy efficiency, scalability, and robustness.
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This document provides information about various academic projects related to embedded systems and electrical engineering. It lists 30 projects focused on areas like power electronics, power systems, renewable energy, and various applications. Each project listing includes a title, brief description, and estimated cost. It also provides contact information for anyone seeking further details about the projects.
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Final Presentation
- 1. Smart Metering for Developing Countries Team ECE 16.5
- 2. Emily Morris, Eli Gatchalian, Yin Mak, Alex Kvenvolden Faculty Advisor: Kevin Lybarger Liaison Engineers: Daniel Nausner and Steve Szablya
- 3. Kilowatts for Humanity Portable Battery Kits Distributed PBKs to households Can plug in lights, cell phones, and other accessories Bring to the energy kiosk to recharge Microgrid Distribution Direct connection from generation station to households Request for a smart metering system
- 4. Benefits of a Smart Meter Real time data Customer specific Hourly basis Automatic data transmission Remote monitoring SMS messaging Phone application Web-interface Increased system control Automatic disconnect/reconnect Microgrid operator
- 5. Project Description Measures customer’s energy usage Transmits energy information to server in the U.S. Text messaging abilities for: Customer Microgrid Operator Disconnect/Reconnect Web-Interface Dashboard Microgrid Parameters Nominal Voltage 230 VAC Ampacity 10 Amps Nominal Frequency 50 Hz Precision 1 Wh Sensitivity 1 W
- 6. Project Overview Microgrid Design and DAS Smart Metering System
- 7. Smart Metering System Distributed metering system Two types of meters; a Generation Station Meter and a Customer Meter. Communication will be done through dedicated communication cables
- 8. Product Deliverable Smart Metering System + 230V - Circuit Breaker IC Meter AC/DC Converter Microcontroller Communication Solid State Relay Household
- 9. Microcontroller Smart Meter System + 230V - Circuit Breaker IC Meter AC/DC Converter Microcontroller Communication Solid State Relay Household
- 10. Microcontroller - Customer Meter Customer Meters have an Arduino Uno Records energy consumption of the individual household Communicates with the Generation Station Meter Sends packets of data Controls power connection
- 11. Microcontroller – Generation Station Generation Station Meter has an Arduino Mega Records energy consumption at the generation station Controls the Customer Meters Stores a year’s worth of data for each meter onto a SD Has SMS capabilities Sends information to a web-interface Arduino MegaGPRS ShieldSD Shield
- 12. Communication Smart Meter System + 230V - Circuit Breaker IC Meter AC/DC Converter Microcontroller Communication Solid State Relay Household
- 13. Communication Scheme Wired communication between meters Wireless communication for texting capabilities and connecting to the cellular network
- 14. Communication - Between Meters RS-485 communication Long distance – up to 1.2 kilometers Can be used with many microcontrollers Microcontrollers take turns sending messages Messages can be sent to one microcontroller or all of them Messages include error detection
- 15. RS-485 – Message Format Message ID 8 bytes Retransmit Mode 1 byte Message Type 1 byte Message Contents 10 bytes Message Description Allow another microcontroller to send messages Send power usage data Request usage data (main microcontroller) Request current time Announce current time (main microcontroller)
- 16. Communication – Between Meters - Example What time is it? It’s June 3rd, 2016, 01:35 How much power did you measure from 01:24 to 01:35? 01:24: 0.02 watthours 01:25: 0.03 watthours 01:26: 0.01 watthours 01:27: 0.09 watthours
- 17. Communication - SMS Messaging Customer Register Household Stats Energy Consumption Connection Status Microgrid Operator Register Household Stats Energy Consumption Connection Status Disconnect/ Reconnect Texting relationship of sending and receiving Base Case Customer Microgrid operator Ideal Case Monitoring payments Reminder texts Automatic disconnect Buffering system
- 18. Communication– Cellular Network Implemented for KWH Server Sending packets once a minute Energy consumption for each load Total energy consumption GPRS Shield Server TCP Application Database Dashboard
- 19. Meter Smart Meter System + 230V - Circuit Breaker IC Meter AC/DC Converter Microcontroller Communication Solid State Relay Household
- 20. Integrated Circuit (IC) Meter Voltage Measurement Input range of ±165 mV 230 VAC must be stepped down using a resistive voltage divider Current Measurement Input range of ±30 mV Current sense transformer and a small burden resistor are used to provide a voltage proportional to the current. Frequency output - proportional to power
- 21. IC Meter Sensitivity Tested loads between 0 W and 1 W Measured the reference voltage and current Received output frequency with the oscilloscope Distinguishes between no load and 1 W load
- 22. IC Meter Accuracy 0-100% of rated power Power measurements were compared for accuracy Accuracy of lab equipment is unknown y = 0.9058x + 0.1971 R² = 0.9989 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 50 100 150 SmartMeterPower(W) Reference Power (W)
- 23. Solid-State Relay Smart Meter System + 230V - Circuit Breaker IC Meter AC/DC Converter Microcontroller Communication Solid State Relay Household
- 24. Solid State Relay Remotely disconnect/reconnect via SMS messaging from the microgrid operator A signal will be sent from the Arduino to disconnect/reconnect the circuit
- 25. Printed Circuit Board Design
- 26. Final Deliverable - Meter Housed in an enclosure Wall Mountable Circuit Breaker is external Easy field implementation
- 27. Final Deliverable - Dashboard KWH members and sponsors can remotely monitor the success of the system Allows for statistical opportunity to help Identifying usage patterns Design of future projects
- 28. Final Deliverable – System
- 29. Conclusion Achievements Built a metering system scalable to a larger system Basic texting functionality Remotely disconnect/reconnect Information can be seen on a dashboard Future work More thorough investigation of accuracy and precision Continuing user-interface Improving robustness of communication
- 30. Thank You Faculty Advisor Kevin Lybarger Senior Design Coordinator Dr. Al Moser Engineer Liaisons Daniel Nausner & Steve Szablya Peers Dave Goldsmith & Jason Anderson
- 31. Watt questions do you have?
Editor's Notes
- Add the precision and sensitivity Hourly data Not how you solved it but what the requirements were
- Redo the picture! The generation station meter collects data from the customer meters
- Architecture
- Change picture!
- Font size of headers Just list the message description instead of including the message type
- Time change
- Make a block diagram instead
- Discuss picture
- Redo text size
- Block diagram showing system