Smart grid will become the next-generation electrical power system to provide reliable, efficient, secure, and cost-effective energy generation, distribution, and consumption. To achieve these goals, communications infrastructure and wireless networking will play an important role in supporting data transfer and information exchange in smart grid. There has been a desire for a long time to increase the efficiency of the way in which power is generated and delivered to customers. The technology currently in use by the grid is outdated and in many cases unreliable. There have been three major blackouts in the past ten years. The old technology leads to n systems, costing unnecessary money to the utilities, consumers, and taxpayers. To upgrade the grid, and to operate an improved grid, will require significant dependence on distributed intelligence and communication capabilities. To address the challenges of the existing power grid, the new concept of smart grid has emerged. The smart grid can be considered as a modern electric power grid infrastructure for enhanced efficiency and reliability through automated control, high-power converters, modern communications infrastructure, sensing and metering technologies, and modern energy management techniques based on the optimization of demand, energy and network availability ,and so on. For the system, we explore various failure protection mechanisms which improve the reliability of the Smart Grid, and explore the security and privacy issues in the Smart Grid. .

1. Presented by Guided by
USN: 2SA12EE005 Prof. Abdul Munaf
Jenifer . P. Samuel

2. Contents of Discussion
 Introduction
 Different types of systems in Smart Grid
 Smart Infrastructure system
1. Smart Energy subsystem
2. Smart Information subsystem
 Smart Metering
 Smart Monitoring and Measurement
3. Smart Communication subsystem
• Benefits of Smart Grid
• Conclusion and Future scope

3. Introduction
 What is a smart Grid ?
 Why we need a smart grid ?
 Comparison with Existing grid

4. What is a smart Grid?
 Next generation power grid
 Two ways flow of electricity and information
 Delivering of electricity is modern type
 Uses Distributed generation
 Facilitates Renewable energy development

5. Why we need a smart grid?
 Ever Increasing demand for electricity
 Power outage & quality concerns
 Depleting Fossil fuels
 Environmental concerns
 Energy storage problem
 No Consumer participation in energy conservation
To overcome all the above listed difficulties we need
Smart grid.

6. Traditional and Smart Grid
6

7. Traditional and Smart Grid
Traditional Grid Smart Grid
Electromechanical Digital/Microprocessor
One way communication Global/Integrated two way
communication
Centralized generation Distributed generation
Limited monitoring, protection and
control systems
Adaptive protection
Manual monitoring Self monitoring
Manual restoration Automated
Check equipment manually Monitor equipment remotely
Few customer choice Many customer choice
7

8. Different types of systems in SG
Smart Infrastructure system
•Smart Energy Subsystem
•Smart Information Subsystem
•Smart Communication Subsystem
Smart Management system
 Smart Protection system

9. Smart Infrastructure system
 Smart Energy subsystem

10. 1. Power Generation:
 Distributed generation(DG)- Solar panels, 3KW
Small scale wind turbines to
Fuel Cells etc.. 10MW
Group of DGs form “Virtual Power Plant”
+ves:
 Reduced dependency on main grid
 Increased reliability and power quality
 Environment friendly
-ves:
 Inconsistent yield
 High Cost/unit since installation is costly.
“Research work is in full swing to reduce cost”
Smart Energy Subsystem

11. Smart Energy Subsystem
2. Transmission Grid
 Smart transmission networks incorporate advance
sensing , communication technologies, digitalization,
automatic responses to monitor operating conditions of
transmission lines.
 Smart transmission grid is an integrated system that
consists of three interactive components: smart control
system, smart power transmission networks, smart
substation.

12. Smart Energy Subsystem
3. Distribution Grid:
 Small-scale power generation technologies that produce electricity at a site
close to customers or that are tied to an electric distribution system. Thus
connected at distribution voltage levels.
 Connected close to loads being served.
 Typically 1 kW – 50 MW capacity or less.
 Can also be called on-site generation, dispersed generation or decentralized
generation.

13. Smart Energy Subsystem
3. Distribution Grid:

14. Smart Energy Subsystem
4. New Grid Paradigms:
 G2V & V2G technology :
 Hybrid cars can generate electricity with the fuel when parked
 Excess Charge of Electrical vehicle serves as Electric storage
 Solar Hybrid Vehicles----Generate & store when Parked
 Micro-grid :
 Localized group of Generation , Energy storage & loads
 Can be connected to Macro-grid or can be islanded

15. Smart Energy Subsystem

16.  The single point of common coupling with the macro
grid can be disconnected and the microgrid functions
automatically. This operation is called as islanded
microgrid.
Islanding

17. Smart Information Subsystem
1. Smart Metering:
 A smart meter is a digital meter that record energy usage in-real time.
 Different types of network collect the data from meter and transmits to the
utility and distribution substation.

18. Smart Information Subsystem

19. Smart Information Subsystem
2. Smart Monitoring & measurements
 Smart Sensors:
 Detects mechanical failures like conductor breakage, hotspots, insulator
damage
 Real time mechanical & electrical stress measurement& identification of
permanent faults & suggest control measures to operators
 WSNs (Wireless sensor network)

20. Smart Communication
Subsystem
 Communication is needed for data transmission between
smart meters and electric utilities.
 The two main communication medias are
 Wired
 Wireless

21. Smart Communication
Subsystem

22. Benefits Of Smart Grid
 Improving power reliability and quality.
 Automatic maintenance and operation.
 Reducing green house gas emissions by
enabling electric vehicles and new power
sources.
 The manufacture, installation operation and
maintenance of the smart grid and its
components will create new jobs.
 Increases consumer choice.

23. Future Grid Expansion at customer site

24. Future scope
 Smart Grid is implemented in various countries. But
Germany being the first to use.
 Current Smart Grid activities in India are:
 First smart grid pilot project is started in Mysore, Karnataka.
 SMART GRID Project BESCOM (Bangalore) integration of
renewable and decentralized energy sources in power grid.
 Four pilot sites (North Delhi, Bangalore, Gujarat,
Maharashtra).

25. Conclusion
 A Smart Grid impact on a power system and generation is likely to
drive towards more renewable generation.
 Usage of DG, reduces Green house gases.
 The pressure on the existing conventional resources will also
decrease.
 The Smart Grid accommodates generation and storage options; it
also provides reliable power that is relatively interruption-free. ƒ
 Thus Smart Grid is the future grid with intelligence embedded in it,
with self-healing capabilities.

28. Reference
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29. THANK YOU