The document discusses a proposed wireless networking architecture for smart grid applications. It first introduces smart grids and their key characteristics of being observable, controllable, automated and integrated. It then discusses existing wireless communication networks using Zigbee protocols and their challenges. The objective of the proposed architecture is to develop a wireless relay network to communicate between sensor and control networks that can find reliable links when nodes fail. It plans to use main and sub-relays to communicate between different lanes or areas.

1. WIRELESS NETWORKING ARCHITECTURE
FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Existing work
• Challenges
• Literature
• Objective
• Planned architecture
• References

3. INTRODUCTION
SMART GRID
•A smart grid is an electricity network that can intelligently
integrate the actions of all use connected to it – generators,
consumers and those that do both in order to efficiently deliver
sustainable economics and serve electricity supplies.
•It uses sensing embedded processing and digital communications
to enable the electricity grid to be
 Observable (able to be measure and visualized)
 Controllable (able to be manipulated and optimized)
 Automated (able to adapt and self-heal)
 Fully integrated (fully interoperable with existing systems and
with the capacity to incorporate a divorce set of energy sources).

5. Different consumption areas

6. EXISTING COMMUNICATION
NETWORK

7. Wireless Sensor Network
• Communication via Zigbee protocol stack
– IEEE 802.15.4 standard
• Low power
– Duty cycles
• Low data rate
– Data rates of 250 kbps, 100kbps, 40 kbps and 20 kbps
• Zigbee utilizes three ISM bands
– 2.4GHz ISM band worldwide , 915MHz band in North America, 868MHz
band in Europe
• Zigbee uses 16-bit and 64-bit addressing modes
– 6lowpan for IP integration
• Star, cluster-tree or mesh topologies

8. CHALLENGES
• Complexity
• Efficiency
1) Better Telemetry
2) Faster Controls
3) More Robust Controls
4) Embedded Intelligent Device Communications
5) Integrated Communications
6) Enhanced Computing Capabilities
7)security
• Reliability
• Enhanced Computing Capabilities

9. LITERATURE
WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
VS
WIRELESS RELAY NETWORK
By introducing wireless relay network,
• Brings down the number of sensors in network.
• Reduced Power consumption.
• Node failures can be identified easily.
• Data of desired lane or avenue can be easily accessed.
• Low installation cost.

10. OBJECTIVE
The objective of this project is to accomplish a wireless relay in
communication between sensor and control area network and
finding reliable link, when next hope node fails in
communicating.

11. Architecture
Control Area
Network
Main Relay
Sub-Relay
(1)
Lane(1)
Sub-Relay
(2)
Lane(2)
Sub-Relay
(3)
Lane(3)

12. REFERENCES :
1. Hossam M. H. Shalaby.” Performance Analysis of SAC-OCDMA SystemsAdopting Overlapping PPM
Schemes, “IEEE Trans.Commun., vol. 31, no. 12, June 2013.
2. Naser G. Tarhuni, “Multiclass Optical Orthogonal Codes for Multiservice Optical CDMA Networks,”
IEEE Trans.Commun., vol. 24, no. 2, Feb 2006
3. H. M. H. Shalaby, “A Performance Analysis of Optical Overlapping PPM-CDMA Communication
Systems,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 426–433, Mar. 1999.
4. G -C. Yang, “Variable-Weight Optical Orthogonal Codes for CDMA Network with Multiple
Performance Requirements,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 47–55, Jan. 1996
5. H. M. H. Shalaby, “Performance analysis of optical synchronous CDMA
communication systems with PPM signaling,” IEEE Trans. Commun.,
vol. 43, pp. 624–634, Feb-Apr. 1995.
6. J. A. Salehi and C. A. Brackett, “Code Division Multiple-Access Techniques in Optical Fiber Network—
Part I: Fundamental Principles,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 824–833, Aug. 1989.
7. J. A. Salehi, “Code Division Multiple-Access Techniques in Optical Fiber Network—Part II: Systems
Performance Analysis,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 834–842, Aug. 1989.