This document provides an overview of film and video editing techniques. It begins with definitions of film editing and examples of early film editing approaches. It then discusses the concept of montage and juxtaposition, listing different types of cuts/edits and their uses. The document also covers the four relationships between shots - graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial. Specific techniques like continuity editing, cross-cutting, point-of-view shots, and ellipses are defined and examples provided. Finally, the concept of "intensified continuity" is introduced to explain how continuity editing has evolved over time.
Film and video editing techniques template 2014 v2Sian England
This document provides information about various film editing techniques, including:
- Defining film editing and listing some early examples from the 1900s using physical film cuts.
- Describing the concepts of montage and juxtaposition developed by Eisenstein and Kuleshov.
- Listing different types of cuts that can be used like cuts, fades, and dissolves with examples.
- Explaining the four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial.
- Providing descriptions and examples of graphic, rhythmic, and temporal relationships.
- Defining the "Hollywood method" of continuity editing and why it became prevalent.
Film and video editing techniques template 2014 v2Sian England
This document provides information about various film editing techniques, including:
- Defining film editing and listing some early examples from the 1900s using physical film cuts.
- Explaining the concepts of montage and juxtaposition developed by Eisenstein and Kuleshov.
- Listing different types of cuts that can be used, like cuts, fades, and dissolves, and providing examples.
- Describing the four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial relationships and giving examples of each.
- Explaining techniques like the 180 degree rule and shot-reverse shot that help create continuity and identify the audience with characters.
Pp!!!!film and video editing techniques template 2014 v2jeny_green
The document discusses the history and techniques of film editing. It defines film editing as combining different shots to create a cohesive narrative. Early filmmakers like Edwin Porter and Georges Méliès used simple editing techniques like cuts and dissolves due to technological limitations. Over time, editing became more sophisticated with techniques like montage, parallel editing, and shot reverse shot being used to convey meaning, create suspense, and develop characters. Continuity editing became prevalent in Hollywood to seamlessly integrate shots and maintain spatial relationships. More recently, intensified continuity editing has featured rapid cuts, close shots, and dynamic camera movements.
Pp!!!!film and video editing techniques template 2014 v2jeny_green
The document provides information on film and video editing techniques. It defines film editing as combining different shots to flow together and make a cohesive clip. It discusses early examples of film editing from 1903-1902. It also covers concepts like montage, juxtaposition, different types of cuts/edits, and the four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial. Examples are provided for many of the techniques.
This document provides information about various film editing techniques. It begins with definitions of film editing and examples of early editing methods. It then discusses concepts like montage and juxtaposition. The document lists different types of cuts and edits that can be used. It also outlines four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial. Examples are provided for each relationship. Additional topics covered include the Hollywood method of continuity editing, the 180 degree line, point-of-view shots, cross-cutting, ellipsis, and intensified continuity. The document concludes with instructions for a case study analyzing editing techniques in selected film clips.
The document provides information on various film editing techniques, including:
1) Early film editing involved cutting shots together to progress a story or please an audience. Pioneers like the Lumiere Brothers and George Melies experimented with combining shots in early cinema.
2) Montage and juxtaposition involve placing unrelated shots together to allow the audience to derive new meaning, as experimented with by Eisenstein and Kuleshov.
3) Continuity editing became prevalent in Hollywood to provide spatial and temporal continuity between shots through techniques like the 180 degree rule and shot reverse shot.
1. The document discusses editing techniques used in filmmaking to tell a story through sequenced shots rather than a single continuous shot. It explains how editing relies on the psychological concept of "gestalt" where the audience mentally fills in missing information between shots.
2. Various editing techniques are defined, like cuts, fades, dissolves, and jump cuts. The frequency and pace of cutting affects the perceived speed of a scene. Slow, minimal editing can create tension, while rapid cutting can reflect a disoriented mental state.
3. Manipulating time through selective inclusion of shots and extended pacing (elliptical editing) helps tell a story concisely while still conveying necessary information through implied missing content.
The opening sequence will begin with an establishing shot of Bangkok before cutting to the stalker attending her camera equipment. It will then be revealed that she is spying and taking photos of a man through her lens. She will then pack up her equipment and begin walking through the city while a narration plays, tracked by drone shots. She will enter a dark room and turn on a light, revealing a large pinboard covered in photos of the man, cueing the title sequence.
Film and video editing techniques template 2014 v2Sian England
This document provides information about various film editing techniques, including:
- Defining film editing and listing some early examples from the 1900s using physical film cuts.
- Describing the concepts of montage and juxtaposition developed by Eisenstein and Kuleshov.
- Listing different types of cuts that can be used like cuts, fades, and dissolves with examples.
- Explaining the four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial.
- Providing descriptions and examples of graphic, rhythmic, and temporal relationships.
- Defining the "Hollywood method" of continuity editing and why it became prevalent.
Film and video editing techniques template 2014 v2Sian England
This document provides information about various film editing techniques, including:
- Defining film editing and listing some early examples from the 1900s using physical film cuts.
- Explaining the concepts of montage and juxtaposition developed by Eisenstein and Kuleshov.
- Listing different types of cuts that can be used, like cuts, fades, and dissolves, and providing examples.
- Describing the four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial relationships and giving examples of each.
- Explaining techniques like the 180 degree rule and shot-reverse shot that help create continuity and identify the audience with characters.
Pp!!!!film and video editing techniques template 2014 v2jeny_green
The document discusses the history and techniques of film editing. It defines film editing as combining different shots to create a cohesive narrative. Early filmmakers like Edwin Porter and Georges Méliès used simple editing techniques like cuts and dissolves due to technological limitations. Over time, editing became more sophisticated with techniques like montage, parallel editing, and shot reverse shot being used to convey meaning, create suspense, and develop characters. Continuity editing became prevalent in Hollywood to seamlessly integrate shots and maintain spatial relationships. More recently, intensified continuity editing has featured rapid cuts, close shots, and dynamic camera movements.
Pp!!!!film and video editing techniques template 2014 v2jeny_green
The document provides information on film and video editing techniques. It defines film editing as combining different shots to flow together and make a cohesive clip. It discusses early examples of film editing from 1903-1902. It also covers concepts like montage, juxtaposition, different types of cuts/edits, and the four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial. Examples are provided for many of the techniques.
This document provides information about various film editing techniques. It begins with definitions of film editing and examples of early editing methods. It then discusses concepts like montage and juxtaposition. The document lists different types of cuts and edits that can be used. It also outlines four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial. Examples are provided for each relationship. Additional topics covered include the Hollywood method of continuity editing, the 180 degree line, point-of-view shots, cross-cutting, ellipsis, and intensified continuity. The document concludes with instructions for a case study analyzing editing techniques in selected film clips.
The document provides information on various film editing techniques, including:
1) Early film editing involved cutting shots together to progress a story or please an audience. Pioneers like the Lumiere Brothers and George Melies experimented with combining shots in early cinema.
2) Montage and juxtaposition involve placing unrelated shots together to allow the audience to derive new meaning, as experimented with by Eisenstein and Kuleshov.
3) Continuity editing became prevalent in Hollywood to provide spatial and temporal continuity between shots through techniques like the 180 degree rule and shot reverse shot.
1. The document discusses editing techniques used in filmmaking to tell a story through sequenced shots rather than a single continuous shot. It explains how editing relies on the psychological concept of "gestalt" where the audience mentally fills in missing information between shots.
2. Various editing techniques are defined, like cuts, fades, dissolves, and jump cuts. The frequency and pace of cutting affects the perceived speed of a scene. Slow, minimal editing can create tension, while rapid cutting can reflect a disoriented mental state.
3. Manipulating time through selective inclusion of shots and extended pacing (elliptical editing) helps tell a story concisely while still conveying necessary information through implied missing content.
The opening sequence will begin with an establishing shot of Bangkok before cutting to the stalker attending her camera equipment. It will then be revealed that she is spying and taking photos of a man through her lens. She will then pack up her equipment and begin walking through the city while a narration plays, tracked by drone shots. She will enter a dark room and turn on a light, revealing a large pinboard covered in photos of the man, cueing the title sequence.
This document discusses and provides examples of several film editing techniques used in movies, including:
1) Parallel editing is used in "Way Down East" and "The Silence of the Lambs" to alternate between simultaneous scenes in different locations and build suspense.
2) Montages are used in "Rocky 3" and "Team America" to summarize training routines or spoof other films, speeding up scenes while informing audiences.
3) The "Odessa Steps Sequence" uses shots between a mother and dying child to make audiences sympathize with characters during a terrifying situation.
Film editing involves selecting shots from raw footage and combining them into a finished motion picture. Early developments included in-camera editing by Alfred Hitchcock and following the action with moving camera shots. The purposes of film editing include telling stories through techniques like continuity, engaging viewers, managing pace, and following genre conventions. Key editing techniques include seamless cuts, continuity, motivated shots, montages, and transitions between scenes.
The document provides an overview of editing in film, including:
- Editing is the process of selecting and arranging shots to recreate scenes from the screenplay in a seamless way.
- Films are not shot chronologically, so the editor must piece the material together in story order from the scattered shooting order.
- There are two main types of editing - continuity editing, which preserves the narrative chronology, and montage editing, which generates meaning through rapid cutting between conflicting images.
- Key editing techniques include match on action, shot-reverse-shot, eyeline match, cutaways, cross-cutting/parallel editing, and graphic matching. Transitions include cuts, fades, dis
Film editing has developed vastly over the years and is the most important part of film production. Early techniques included in-camera editing where the sequence was shot and edited in order. Following the action technique gives the illusion that the audience is participating by using a camera mounted on a dolly. Multiple points of view shows different characters' perspectives at the same time to build tension. While editing techniques have advanced greatly with digital tools, seamless editing aims to tell the story smoothly without drawing attention to the edits.
The document analyzes and compares the use of continuity and non-continuity editing techniques in several film clips. It discusses how continuity editing in the opening of "Tsotsi" uses match cuts to create a smooth narrative flow without dialogue. "The Silence of the Lambs" effectively uses parallel editing to mislead viewers and generate suspense. "Way Down East" uses parallel editing to show urgency by cutting between a man and woman in danger. "Battleship Potemkin" uses a montage to manipulate rhythm and elicit an emotional response, while the "Rocky III" training montage condenses time through cutting between training shots. Both modern and historical examples effectively employ editing techniques to further their narratives.
The document analyzes the ways the media product uses, develops, and challenges conventions of real media.
The trailer conforms to zombie horror conventions like a dark tone, props/costumes, and tension building music. However, it challenges conventions by having a female protagonist who is strong rather than a damsel, and shows individual character stories intersecting instead of forming a group.
The poster conforms to conventions like a bold title and credits but challenges conventions by using CCTV footage as the main image rather than characters.
The magazine cover is inspired by real covers but challenges conventions by using four colors instead of three and images from the trailer rather than standalone shots. It develops conventions by adding extra information banners and
The document discusses the planning process for a student's filming task. First, the student's group discussed the scenario of their confrontation scene, originally deciding on a stolen apple but later choosing a stolen phone. They then created a storyboard and script to plan the shots and storyline. The student wrote a shot list detailing different shots like low angles to emphasize emotion. Considerable planning went into choosing the most dramatic moment and incorporating techniques like matching shots and following the 180 degree rule.
The document describes the planning process for a student's filming task confrontation scene. First, the group discussed the topic of confrontation, originally deciding on a stolen apple but later settling on a stolen phone. Next, they created a storyboard and script to plan shots and dialogue. They also wrote a shot list to determine camera angles and emphasize dramatic moments. Planning ensured continuity between shots through consistent clothing, positioning, and maintaining the 180 degree rule.
The student analyzed how their media products used and challenged conventions of real media. Their short film, poster, and radio trailer were presented on a blog. They used YouTube to post the film and Photoshop and GarageBand to create the poster and trailer. The film was a mockumentary genre which aims to be funny. Research of other mockumentaries informed their filming techniques and conventions. Feedback showed the initial draft wasn't funny enough but after rewriting the script, audiences found it funny. The poster and radio trailer also challenged some conventions to attract audiences. Overall, their productions developed from the first draft and successfully used and challenged real media conventions through research, audience feedback, and creative choices.
The document summarizes how the opening titles of a student film use and develop conventions of real media products. It discusses various elements of the opening - the film title with white text on black background, the production company logo, establishing shots of locations, costumes chosen for characters, use of props, camera shots including close-ups and point-of-view, editing techniques like split screens, font style and credits, how the opening sets up the narrative and hints at the crime thriller genre. The opening follows conventions used in other films to engage the audience and set the scene for the story.
Single camera techniques learning aim aJamesPotts21
This document discusses different camera techniques used in film and television, including single camera setups versus multiple camera setups. It provides examples of scenes from 1917 and the music video for "Fluorescent Adolescent" to illustrate the use of shots like steadicam, close-ups, handheld camera, and point-of-view shots. It also analyzes the opening scene of Game of Thrones and how it uses rules of thirds and long shots to draw attention and create anticipation for the audience.
Film editing has evolved significantly since early films. Early films used long continuous shots due to technology limitations, but editing techniques later developed like montage to progress the story without irrelevant footage. Editing establishes relationships between shots through time, space, picture, and rhythm. The 'Hollywood method' of continuity editing became prevalent as it helped audiences follow the story through consistent angles. Parallel editing and shot-reverse-shot are effective techniques that show simultaneous or related events. Editing techniques like fades and ellipses imply jumps in time without explicitly showing them. Modern editing has become more rapid through 'intensified continuity.'
Film editing has evolved significantly since early films. Early films used long continuous shots due to technology limitations, but editing techniques later developed like montage to progress the story without irrelevant footage. Key techniques include match cuts, jump cuts, and cross cuts. Editing also aims to maintain spatial and temporal continuity through techniques like shot reverse shot and the 180-degree rule. Parallel editing and intensified continuity further advanced storytelling by showing simultaneous events or quick cuts between shots. Overall, editing has become more sophisticated to immerse viewers in complex narratives.
This document discusses various film editing techniques including continuity editing, montages, and parallel editing. Continuity editing aims to present scenes in a natural, consistent manner while montages condense time. Parallel editing cuts between two simultaneous events to build suspense. Examples are provided from classic films like Battleship Potemkin and Way Down East that demonstrate early uses of montages and parallel editing. A training montage from Rocky III is also analyzed, showing how editing techniques can emphasize character development and emotion.
The document discusses techniques used to attract audiences to films of specific genres, like action or crime thrillers. It provides examples from the film opening describing:
1) The use of date/time at the beginning orients the audience and creates realism. Camera techniques like close-ups allow viewers to see key details.
2) Editing techniques like split screens and picture-in-picture create tension and pace to engage audiences like in action films.
3) Incorporating modern technologies lets audiences relate to the characters and connects the story to the present day.
4) Music is used to build suspense and tension over the course of the opening to keep audiences watching until the storyline begins.
Continuity and following conventions like the 180-degree rule and shot/reverse shot are important for establishing spatial relationships and a coherent narrative. The document discusses these techniques and provides examples from a student's preliminary work and opening sequence for a film. It analyzes how the student has developed skills in cinematography, editing, mise-en-scene, and use of titles between the preliminary and opening sequence. In conclusion, the student demonstrates learning of fundamental film techniques and how applying these improved the quality and professionalism of their opening sequence.
This document analyzes how the short film trailer uses conventions of film noir genres. It discusses how the narrative creates mystery through a complex plot. Settings and scenes replicate aspects of 1940s-1960s film noir, such as a detective at his dimly-lit desk. Mise-en-scene captures film noir conventions through clothing, lighting that illuminates only part of the frame, and props of the era. Editing adheres to conventions with a black-and-white filter, title design, and brief shots to maintain an enigmatic story. While most elements mimic classic film noir, experimenting with a daytime fight scene challenges some conventions.
The document discusses the film opening's use of conventions from real media products in its genre as a psychological war thriller. It examines how the opening uses conventions of war films like Saving Private Ryan through elements like uniforms and camerawork, while also drawing from psychological thrillers through techniques like jittery editing, flashbacks, and ambient sounds. It challenges some conventions by focusing on one soldier's isolation and PTSD and using music to contrast the intense scenes. The document also discusses representing the social group of WWII veterans and choosing an appropriate media institution to distribute the film.
The document provides information on various film editing techniques, including:
1) Early film editing involved single continuous shots or stopping and starting shots to make it appear scenes had progressed, as in the work of the Lumiere Brothers and George Melies.
2) Montage and juxtaposition, pioneered by Eisenstein, involve splicing unrelated shots together to allow audiences to derive new meanings and conclusions. Kuleshov demonstrated this effect experimentally.
3) Continuity editing, or the "Hollywood method", became prevalent in the 1930s-40s and uses techniques like the 180 degree rule and shot reverse shot to maintain spatial awareness and smooth transitions between shots.
Video editing involves rearranging and combining video shots to tell a story in a coherent manner. The key purposes of editing include storytelling, controlling pace, combining different shot types, and following conventions like the 180-degree rule for continuity. Specific editing techniques discussed are match cuts, shot reverse shots, fade ins and outs, and using speed changes like slow motion for dramatic effect and fast motion for comedy. Proper editing sequences shots smoothly and makes the edits invisible so the audience follows the narrative.
This document provides an overview of film editing techniques, including:
- Defining film editing and examples from early cinema using tricks and stop motion.
- Explaining montage and juxtaposition using examples from Rocky and Saving Private Ryan.
- Listing different types of cuts/edits like dissolves and wipes, using examples from films.
- Describing the four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial.
- Providing case studies on editing techniques from films like Inception, Shaun of the Dead, and Atonement through analyzing specific clips.
This document discusses various editing techniques used in video and film production. It covers purposes of editing like storytelling and how editing can change time, space and interpretation. Specific techniques covered include match cutting, shot-reverse-shot, jump cuts, parallel editing, continuity editing and the 180-degree rule. Examples are provided from films like The Shining, Silence of the Lambs, and Fast and Furious 7 to illustrate how different techniques can be applied.
This document discusses and provides examples of several film editing techniques used in movies, including:
1) Parallel editing is used in "Way Down East" and "The Silence of the Lambs" to alternate between simultaneous scenes in different locations and build suspense.
2) Montages are used in "Rocky 3" and "Team America" to summarize training routines or spoof other films, speeding up scenes while informing audiences.
3) The "Odessa Steps Sequence" uses shots between a mother and dying child to make audiences sympathize with characters during a terrifying situation.
Film editing involves selecting shots from raw footage and combining them into a finished motion picture. Early developments included in-camera editing by Alfred Hitchcock and following the action with moving camera shots. The purposes of film editing include telling stories through techniques like continuity, engaging viewers, managing pace, and following genre conventions. Key editing techniques include seamless cuts, continuity, motivated shots, montages, and transitions between scenes.
The document provides an overview of editing in film, including:
- Editing is the process of selecting and arranging shots to recreate scenes from the screenplay in a seamless way.
- Films are not shot chronologically, so the editor must piece the material together in story order from the scattered shooting order.
- There are two main types of editing - continuity editing, which preserves the narrative chronology, and montage editing, which generates meaning through rapid cutting between conflicting images.
- Key editing techniques include match on action, shot-reverse-shot, eyeline match, cutaways, cross-cutting/parallel editing, and graphic matching. Transitions include cuts, fades, dis
Film editing has developed vastly over the years and is the most important part of film production. Early techniques included in-camera editing where the sequence was shot and edited in order. Following the action technique gives the illusion that the audience is participating by using a camera mounted on a dolly. Multiple points of view shows different characters' perspectives at the same time to build tension. While editing techniques have advanced greatly with digital tools, seamless editing aims to tell the story smoothly without drawing attention to the edits.
The document analyzes and compares the use of continuity and non-continuity editing techniques in several film clips. It discusses how continuity editing in the opening of "Tsotsi" uses match cuts to create a smooth narrative flow without dialogue. "The Silence of the Lambs" effectively uses parallel editing to mislead viewers and generate suspense. "Way Down East" uses parallel editing to show urgency by cutting between a man and woman in danger. "Battleship Potemkin" uses a montage to manipulate rhythm and elicit an emotional response, while the "Rocky III" training montage condenses time through cutting between training shots. Both modern and historical examples effectively employ editing techniques to further their narratives.
The document analyzes the ways the media product uses, develops, and challenges conventions of real media.
The trailer conforms to zombie horror conventions like a dark tone, props/costumes, and tension building music. However, it challenges conventions by having a female protagonist who is strong rather than a damsel, and shows individual character stories intersecting instead of forming a group.
The poster conforms to conventions like a bold title and credits but challenges conventions by using CCTV footage as the main image rather than characters.
The magazine cover is inspired by real covers but challenges conventions by using four colors instead of three and images from the trailer rather than standalone shots. It develops conventions by adding extra information banners and
The document discusses the planning process for a student's filming task. First, the student's group discussed the scenario of their confrontation scene, originally deciding on a stolen apple but later choosing a stolen phone. They then created a storyboard and script to plan the shots and storyline. The student wrote a shot list detailing different shots like low angles to emphasize emotion. Considerable planning went into choosing the most dramatic moment and incorporating techniques like matching shots and following the 180 degree rule.
The document describes the planning process for a student's filming task confrontation scene. First, the group discussed the topic of confrontation, originally deciding on a stolen apple but later settling on a stolen phone. Next, they created a storyboard and script to plan shots and dialogue. They also wrote a shot list to determine camera angles and emphasize dramatic moments. Planning ensured continuity between shots through consistent clothing, positioning, and maintaining the 180 degree rule.
The student analyzed how their media products used and challenged conventions of real media. Their short film, poster, and radio trailer were presented on a blog. They used YouTube to post the film and Photoshop and GarageBand to create the poster and trailer. The film was a mockumentary genre which aims to be funny. Research of other mockumentaries informed their filming techniques and conventions. Feedback showed the initial draft wasn't funny enough but after rewriting the script, audiences found it funny. The poster and radio trailer also challenged some conventions to attract audiences. Overall, their productions developed from the first draft and successfully used and challenged real media conventions through research, audience feedback, and creative choices.
The document summarizes how the opening titles of a student film use and develop conventions of real media products. It discusses various elements of the opening - the film title with white text on black background, the production company logo, establishing shots of locations, costumes chosen for characters, use of props, camera shots including close-ups and point-of-view, editing techniques like split screens, font style and credits, how the opening sets up the narrative and hints at the crime thriller genre. The opening follows conventions used in other films to engage the audience and set the scene for the story.
Single camera techniques learning aim aJamesPotts21
This document discusses different camera techniques used in film and television, including single camera setups versus multiple camera setups. It provides examples of scenes from 1917 and the music video for "Fluorescent Adolescent" to illustrate the use of shots like steadicam, close-ups, handheld camera, and point-of-view shots. It also analyzes the opening scene of Game of Thrones and how it uses rules of thirds and long shots to draw attention and create anticipation for the audience.
Film editing has evolved significantly since early films. Early films used long continuous shots due to technology limitations, but editing techniques later developed like montage to progress the story without irrelevant footage. Editing establishes relationships between shots through time, space, picture, and rhythm. The 'Hollywood method' of continuity editing became prevalent as it helped audiences follow the story through consistent angles. Parallel editing and shot-reverse-shot are effective techniques that show simultaneous or related events. Editing techniques like fades and ellipses imply jumps in time without explicitly showing them. Modern editing has become more rapid through 'intensified continuity.'
Film editing has evolved significantly since early films. Early films used long continuous shots due to technology limitations, but editing techniques later developed like montage to progress the story without irrelevant footage. Key techniques include match cuts, jump cuts, and cross cuts. Editing also aims to maintain spatial and temporal continuity through techniques like shot reverse shot and the 180-degree rule. Parallel editing and intensified continuity further advanced storytelling by showing simultaneous events or quick cuts between shots. Overall, editing has become more sophisticated to immerse viewers in complex narratives.
This document discusses various film editing techniques including continuity editing, montages, and parallel editing. Continuity editing aims to present scenes in a natural, consistent manner while montages condense time. Parallel editing cuts between two simultaneous events to build suspense. Examples are provided from classic films like Battleship Potemkin and Way Down East that demonstrate early uses of montages and parallel editing. A training montage from Rocky III is also analyzed, showing how editing techniques can emphasize character development and emotion.
The document discusses techniques used to attract audiences to films of specific genres, like action or crime thrillers. It provides examples from the film opening describing:
1) The use of date/time at the beginning orients the audience and creates realism. Camera techniques like close-ups allow viewers to see key details.
2) Editing techniques like split screens and picture-in-picture create tension and pace to engage audiences like in action films.
3) Incorporating modern technologies lets audiences relate to the characters and connects the story to the present day.
4) Music is used to build suspense and tension over the course of the opening to keep audiences watching until the storyline begins.
Continuity and following conventions like the 180-degree rule and shot/reverse shot are important for establishing spatial relationships and a coherent narrative. The document discusses these techniques and provides examples from a student's preliminary work and opening sequence for a film. It analyzes how the student has developed skills in cinematography, editing, mise-en-scene, and use of titles between the preliminary and opening sequence. In conclusion, the student demonstrates learning of fundamental film techniques and how applying these improved the quality and professionalism of their opening sequence.
This document analyzes how the short film trailer uses conventions of film noir genres. It discusses how the narrative creates mystery through a complex plot. Settings and scenes replicate aspects of 1940s-1960s film noir, such as a detective at his dimly-lit desk. Mise-en-scene captures film noir conventions through clothing, lighting that illuminates only part of the frame, and props of the era. Editing adheres to conventions with a black-and-white filter, title design, and brief shots to maintain an enigmatic story. While most elements mimic classic film noir, experimenting with a daytime fight scene challenges some conventions.
The document discusses the film opening's use of conventions from real media products in its genre as a psychological war thriller. It examines how the opening uses conventions of war films like Saving Private Ryan through elements like uniforms and camerawork, while also drawing from psychological thrillers through techniques like jittery editing, flashbacks, and ambient sounds. It challenges some conventions by focusing on one soldier's isolation and PTSD and using music to contrast the intense scenes. The document also discusses representing the social group of WWII veterans and choosing an appropriate media institution to distribute the film.
The document provides information on various film editing techniques, including:
1) Early film editing involved single continuous shots or stopping and starting shots to make it appear scenes had progressed, as in the work of the Lumiere Brothers and George Melies.
2) Montage and juxtaposition, pioneered by Eisenstein, involve splicing unrelated shots together to allow audiences to derive new meanings and conclusions. Kuleshov demonstrated this effect experimentally.
3) Continuity editing, or the "Hollywood method", became prevalent in the 1930s-40s and uses techniques like the 180 degree rule and shot reverse shot to maintain spatial awareness and smooth transitions between shots.
Video editing involves rearranging and combining video shots to tell a story in a coherent manner. The key purposes of editing include storytelling, controlling pace, combining different shot types, and following conventions like the 180-degree rule for continuity. Specific editing techniques discussed are match cuts, shot reverse shots, fade ins and outs, and using speed changes like slow motion for dramatic effect and fast motion for comedy. Proper editing sequences shots smoothly and makes the edits invisible so the audience follows the narrative.
This document provides an overview of film editing techniques, including:
- Defining film editing and examples from early cinema using tricks and stop motion.
- Explaining montage and juxtaposition using examples from Rocky and Saving Private Ryan.
- Listing different types of cuts/edits like dissolves and wipes, using examples from films.
- Describing the four relationships between shots: graphic, rhythmic, temporal, and spatial.
- Providing case studies on editing techniques from films like Inception, Shaun of the Dead, and Atonement through analyzing specific clips.
This document discusses various editing techniques used in video and film production. It covers purposes of editing like storytelling and how editing can change time, space and interpretation. Specific techniques covered include match cutting, shot-reverse-shot, jump cuts, parallel editing, continuity editing and the 180-degree rule. Examples are provided from films like The Shining, Silence of the Lambs, and Fast and Furious 7 to illustrate how different techniques can be applied.
Film editing involves cutting different sections of footage together to progress the storyline. Early films around the late 1800s had shots lasting around 1 minute before cutting. Montage editing, developed by Sergei Eisenstein, involves juxtaposing shots to convey themes and meaning. There are various types of cuts like match cuts, cross cuts and jump cuts that edit different shots together based on action, location, or time. Continuity editing became prevalent in classical Hollywood cinema in the 1930s-40s to provide spatial and temporal continuity through techniques like the 180-degree rule and shot-reverse-shot.
Film editing involves cutting different footage sections together to form a sequence. Early films used longer 1-minute shots due to technology limitations, while modern films typically use 2-3 second shots. Sergei Eisenstein developed the concept of montage, juxtaposing shots to imply meanings and progress the story. Editing techniques like match cuts, cross cuts, and jump cuts manipulate time and space for narrative purposes, with the "Hollywood method" establishing spatial and temporal continuity through techniques like 180-degree lines and shot-reverse-shot.
Editing involves organizing film footage and using techniques like continuity, non-continuity, cutting, and transitions to craft a coherent narrative for the audience. Some key techniques include shot/reverse shot, eyeline match, graphic match, jump cuts, cross cutting, action match, parallel editing, and cutaways. The editor aims to effectively communicate the story through these various editing strategies.
Editing involves organizing film footage and using techniques like continuity, non-continuity, cutting, and transitions to craft a coherent narrative for the audience. Some key techniques include shot/reverse shot, eyeline match, graphic match, jump cuts, cross cutting, action match, parallel editing, and cutaways. The editor aims to effectively communicate the story through these various editing strategies while maintaining or disrupting continuity as fits the filmmaker's intent.
Editing involves organizing film footage and using techniques like continuity, non-continuity, cutting, and transitions to craft a coherent narrative for the audience. Some key techniques include shot/reverse shot, eyeline match, graphic match, jump cuts, cross cutting, action match, parallel editing, and cutaways. The editor aims to effectively communicate the story through these various editing strategies.
Editing involves organizing film footage and using techniques like continuity, non-continuity, cutting, and transitions to craft a coherent narrative for the audience. Some key techniques include shot/reverse shot, eyeline match, graphic match, jump cuts, cross cutting, action match, parallel editing, and cutaways. The editor aims to effectively communicate the story through these various editing strategies while maintaining or disrupting continuity as fits the filmmaker's intent.
The document provides information about various editing techniques used in filmmaking. It discusses the history of editing from early analogue films that were cut and pasted together to modern digital editing with software. It describes the purposes of editing such as improving visuals, correcting mistakes, and manipulating audience interpretation. The document also outlines principles of editing like storytelling, using multiple shots, and following the 180-degree rule. It explains specific techniques including continuity editing, match cuts, parallel editing, and shot-reverse-shot. Transitions between scenes like fades, dissolves, and wipes are also summarized.
Film editing is the process of assembling shots into a coherent narrative. An editor shapes the raw film material and reorders shots to tell a specific story and elicit emotive responses from audiences. Effective editing makes the construction of the film seem "invisible" and engages viewers in the story. Editing has evolved greatly from its early origins, utilizing techniques like shot variation, manipulation of time, and different editing styles to immerse audiences in cinematic worlds.
The document discusses various film editing techniques such as continuity editing, non-continuity editing, match cuts, flash cuts, and cross-cutting. It provides examples of how these techniques are used in different genres like horror, comedy, and drama to fulfill purposes such as building tension, eliciting laughs, or focusing audience attention. Historic editing innovations are also outlined, from the early one-shot films to advances like elliptical editing and the jump cut. Overall, the document examines how editing techniques are applied to tell stories and convey meaning effectively.
Editing is the process of organizing film shots into a narrative sequence. Films are typically not shot in chronological order, so editing is necessary to piece the story back together. There are various editing techniques like continuity, montage, shot-reverse-shot, and transitions that can be used to clearly convey space, time, and meaning to the audience. Effective editing ensures the narrative is coherent and engages the viewer in the intended way.
Film editing has evolved significantly over time. Early films used long continuous shots due to technology limitations, but editing techniques soon developed to combine multiple shots. Montage editing cuts between short shots to advance themes without irrelevant footage. Juxtaposition contrasts shots for effect. Continuity editing maintains spatial and temporal coherence for viewers. Intensified continuity uses rapid cutting for action and attention. Editing establishes relationships between shots through graphic matches, rhythmic flow, spatial orientation, and temporal progression.
There are several key techniques involved in editing video and film. Editing pieces together raw footage in a logical order to tell a story or convey a message. Some essential techniques include continuity editing to maintain consistency between scenes, match cuts to smoothly transition between related actions, and shot reverse shot to alternate between two characters in a conversation. The history of editing began with early films being single static shots but evolved with pioneers like Edwin Porter and D.W. Griffith developing new techniques like cutting between multiple storylines. Analog editing involved physically cutting and splicing tape, while digital editing now uses software.
Editing has developed significantly from the early 20th century. Early films used techniques like following the action, in-camera editing, and shot variation. Over time, editors gained more control over shaping stories. Modern editing employs various conventions like seamless cuts, continuity, motivated shots, and montages to engage audiences. Techniques like pace, information provision, and rhythm influence how audiences feel and understand films.
This document discusses techniques of editing that manipulate time and space within films. It provides examples of how rhythm, pace, and parallel editing can suggest the passage of time. Slow pace at the beginning of a scene can create tension, while rapid pace later can indicate intensifying action. Flashforwards and flashbacks can also manipulate the dimension of time. Regarding space, the 180-degree rule and establishing shots can construct logical spatial relationships between characters and surroundings. Point-of-view shots and shot reverse shots allow the audience to identify with characters by seeing events from their perspective.
Editing is used to make motion pictures flow coherently between scenes and enhance visual effects. There are typically three stages of editing: rough cut, director's cut, and final cut. Editing techniques like shot reverse shot and the 180-degree rule help generate meaning and keep narratives coherent by facilitating the audience's understanding of characters' perspectives and spatial relationships. Timing, continuity, and invisible editing are important aspects of constructing suspense and maintaining realism in films.
This document discusses various film editing techniques including:
- The 180-degree rule which keeps the camera on one side of an imaginary axis between characters.
- Eye line matching which cuts to what a character is looking at to involve the audience.
- Establishing shots which set the scene at the beginning of a sequence.
- Shot reverse shot which cuts between two characters in dialogue over their shoulders.
- Montages which condense time and information through a sequence of short shots.
- Matching action which connects shots to make the action flow seamlessly.
Similar to Film and video editing techniques template 2014 v2 (20)
The document discusses the student's communication with a client for a photography project. It details the initial research conducted, contacting the client, keeping in frequent communication through production via phone calls and meetings, and ensuring both parties remained on the same page. While some scheduling conflicts arose, communication overall went well and the final outcome was not impacted.
The student also worked to meet the requirements of an open brief through self-creativity and discussions with the client. Photography and post-production skills were developed to produce clean, minimal images as desired. Managing communication, timelines, and adherence to the brief helped ensure the project's success. Valuable skills in client relations, brief development, and professional photography were gained.
The document provides an overview of the research, planning, preparation, production, and final product aspects of a factual writing evaluation project on serial killers. It describes in detail the extensive research conducted, including initial research on fanzines, specific content research on articles and documentaries, and primary research through interview questions. Planning elements included mock designs, pagination, and a production time schedule. Preparation involved drafting and editing the text content. The production went smoothly due to thorough planning and page plans. The final product was aimed at an audience aged 16+ through the use of varied visual styles and strong yet informative language on the graphic subject matter.
The client wants photographs taken of their apartment rental property to use for online listings and marketing. The document discusses two initial ideas - retaking the existing photos with improved lighting, angles, and quality, or splitting crowded composite photos into separate images. Both ideas are evaluated based on suitability, deliverability, and timeline. The second idea of splitting photos is selected to develop further. Test photos are taken applying both ideas. The final developed idea will combine elements of both by retaking some photos and splitting others. Research on competition finds similar properties with high quality minimalist photography that appeals to the target audience of business travelers and tourists.
A discussion with the client prior to production is important for negotiating key aspects of the brief such as budget, designs, timelines, the client's ethos and plans. This allows the producer to understand expectations and schedule production appropriately. While discretion in the brief provides creative freedom, it also risks the client losing control over the project's direction if they dislike the producer's interpretations. Maintaining the client's needs while allowing some individuality balances these advantages and disadvantages.
This document discusses an evaluation that considers legal, regulatory, and financial constraints as well as project management, time management, communications, and meeting brief requirements. It also reflects on what was learned during the project.
The document outlines Paige Moorby's plan to take new photographs for a client's property. The current photographs are low quality with bad lighting and angles. Paige intends to take high resolution photographs with good triple exposure lighting of the property's rooms. The photographs will have a clean, minimal, and welcoming aesthetic. The target audience is tourists and business travelers aged 25+. Paige has budgeted for transportation, props, and potential assistance for the scheduled three day photo shoot between the 6th and 16th, with delivery of the edited photographs to the client by the 18th.
The client project involves producing new photographs for an apartment rental business to use in their online listings and marketing materials. The document outlines two initial ideas: 1) Retaking existing photos with improved angles, lighting and image quality, or 2) Splitting crowded composite photos into separate images. Both ideas are evaluated based on suitability, deliverability and resources. The second developed idea of combining elements of both by retaking some photos and splitting others is selected as best meeting the client's needs and timeline. Research on the competition, target audiences and existing marketing is presented to inform the final developed treatment, which describes vibrant new photos appealing to business travelers and tourists that will help the client stand out. An accompanying production schedule with deadlines, availability
A discussion with the client prior to production is important for negotiating key aspects of the brief such as budget, designs, timelines, the client's ethos and plans. This allows the producer to understand expectations and schedule production appropriately. While discretion in the brief provides creative freedom, it also risks the client losing control over the project's direction if they dislike the producer's interpretations. Maintaining the client's needs while allowing some individuality balances these advantages and disadvantages.
This document discusses the research, planning, and production process for creating a fanzine about serial killers. The author conducted extensive primary and secondary research to learn about serial killers and gain audience perspectives. Planning involved mock designs, pagination, and considering the fanzine's look and content. Production preparation and time management were also important. The final product incorporated the researched content in a grunge style intended to interest and educate the audience. Overall, the research and planning stages helped make the production and final fanzine successful, though pagination planning was challenging.
The final product was completed on time and under budget. It met all functional requirements outlined in the initial specifications document. Stakeholders have provided positive feedback on the quality and features of the new software release.
The document provides guidance for the pre-production of a book. It discusses creating mood boards with design inspiration, a pagination plan detailing the book layout, and a production schedule to complete the book in 3.5 weeks. The pagination section shows a sample layout with page numbers. The schedule outlines tasks and time allotted for each week such as editing photos, setting up pages, and writing sections of the book.
This document provides links and resources for researching fanzines as well as potential topic ideas for creating a fanzine. It includes links to websites that describe different genres of fanzines and lists the top fanzines. Additionally, it lists categories of fanzines such as political, travel, and lifestyle and suggests potential topics for a fanzine such as Charlie Chaplin, artists, serial killers, and fashion designers.
This document contains summaries of several secondary research sources on serial killers, including documentaries, articles, and videos. The sources discuss the lives and crimes of notorious serial killers such as Ted Bundy, Jeffrey Dahmer, Mary Bell, and others. They explore possible motives for serial killing including mental health issues, trauma, addiction, and the influence of pornography. The document also examines differences between serial killers, mass murderers, and types of homicide.
The document discusses improvements made to posters and merch. For posters, text was moved right and images left so text did not cover photographs. For merch, jumpers were added which were more experimental than original merch. The original tees were boring so new styles were made that were more in style. Additional styles and types of merch were added to other categories as well since the originals were boring and lame.
This document provides links and resources for researching fanzines as well as potential topic ideas for creating a fanzine. It includes links to websites that describe different genres of fanzines and lists the top fanzines. Additionally, it lists categories of fanzines such as political, travel, and lifestyle and suggests potential topics like Charlie Chaplin, artists, serial killers, and fashion designers that could be covered in a self-published fanzine.
This document discusses a campaign by an organization called Accessible Arts and Media. The organization aims to provide creative opportunities for non-traditional groups through media production. It works with elderly people, those with mental health issues or disabilities, and young people. The goals are to strengthen community ties, raise awareness of the groups it works with, and allow all abilities to be creative and learn new skills.
The poster described uses simple and minimal design techniques to promote an upcoming music event. It features a calming color gradient background with highlight points to draw attention. Shapes and hierarchy are used to make the text readable without images. The techniques reflect the inclusive and supportive nature of the organization in providing creative opportunities for the community.
The document provides an evaluation of the author's research, planning, and execution of a campaign to challenge stigma surrounding rape culture. Regarding research, the author looked at other organizations' work to gain ideas and inspiration, and conducted a survey to understand their target audience. For planning, the author created a timeline but did not stick to it closely. Mock-ups and mind maps helped in planning final pieces. The campaign purpose was to challenge stigma and raise awareness, and the author's work fits this purpose well. While the target audience was primarily 16+, content was appropriate and professional without being patronizing. Messaging clearly communicated the stigma surrounding rape culture through direct, simple visuals and text.
The final logo incorporated a heart with two arrows crossing through it. The logo symbolized strength, love, and the ability to defend oneself and move forward after experiencing pain or a broken heart.
Posters featured stripped back images of models to show vulnerability. Images were in black and white to keep them raw and eye-catching while conveying innocence, purity, evil, and sadness. Catchy text stood out against the images and quotes provided context.
Bus advertisements kept a lighthearted tone for varied audiences. They featured the logo, bold fonts, and catchy motto while maintaining a bus theme. Merchandise like keychains, badges, and stickers featured minimal designs with just the logo to promote recognition without
The document provides a production schedule and resource list for a campaign against assault and rape. It includes timelines for tasks such as logo design, poster production, photographs, and merchandise. The schedule spans 4 weeks and allocates over 30 hours to complete tasks including logo research, poster planning, photograph shoots, and production of promotional materials. Resources listed include design software, cameras, models, and a studio space. The document also includes initial and final logo designs, poster concepts, photographs for the posters, and merchandise ideas.
This production schedule outlines various tasks to be completed over 4 weeks including logo design, poster campaigns, bus advertisements, merchandise, and photographs. Week 1 focuses on logo research and poster planning. Week 2 involves making the poster and bus adverts. Week 3 is for planning and producing merchandise alongside photographs of models. Week 4 is dedicated to finishing any remaining work including an original idea and touch ups. Resources listed are design software, online resources, cameras for photography, and models. The document provides timelines, task lists, design iterations and final assets for the various deliverables.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
2. + Provide a simple definition of what film editing is
Film editing is a pre production process where you edit the clips
together to give them meaning. This is the process where the
editor combines the clips into a coherent order which makes
sense to the audience, it is the process where clips are
trimmed and cut and the production is put together to give
meaning and to make a full sequence.
3. + Can you list some examples of early film editing?
In the history of film editing it was a very different concept all together.
There was just a whole story often taken in one shot, the films would
often lack story and intensity. The cameras would often be stationary
and the movement would happen on set and in the frame.
In the late 1800’s if people wanted to make the cuts between shots they
would have to stop the recording, move the camera, record then move
the camera back. Film makers didn’t want to edit the film as they thought
it would loose meaning and the representation.
In the film the ‘Motorist’ in 1906 you can see how the editing is not really
existing. You can see how long they wait for the car to reach the spot
without editing and then how there is a sudden change of scene where
they are filming which is how they move the camera and make cuts.
They then had a part where they film parts of the movie against art work
and move parts of drawn images between others.
Showing the time difference between action
shots and the time scale
The move of
location
The use of art and
drawing to create detail in
the film
4. + Describe the concept of ‘montage’ and juxtaposition
and give an example
Montage is when you put together footage at a rapid pace so
that you can give the audience a lot of information in one
sitting. A montage can allow the film maker to cut shots
together to make a really detailed and filled shot.
Sergei Eisenstein took the classic cut edit and made it into a
montage so that delivering shots could be done on a much larger
scale by cutting rapidly between shots and scenes.
Juxtaposition within the film industry is when two shots are put
together closely and makes a contrast between the two. There
tends to be a contrasting effect between the two shots that the
audience can relate to and see clearly.
5. + List the types of cut/edit you can use and provide an
example of each on in use
Cross cut - A common technique used for showing two locations or two stories at one
time. Used to build tension and emotion and used to show different things at different
times.
Jump cut - Like a cross cut it is used to cut between action. A jump cut is a lot more
prominent and is used to jump from one dramatic incident to another. For example if there
was a fire scene then the camera would jump from the fire to a casualty then jump back
onto the dramatic danger which is about the occur.
Cutaway - Cutaway is used as a filler cut, it is when the camera cuts between the current
situation (action) to something completely different or to a close up of something less
important that is going on in the scene. This is used to give the audience more information
and can often bring it back to them and be more interesting. An example of this would be
having a fight scene and then as it dies down more having a cutaway to something like a
close up of a cut hand and it just adds more information and personal aspect the the
audience.
Montage- A montage is a rapid way to deliver a lot of clips all at once, it is when you
compress a lot of time and events into a lot shorter period of time. A lot of the time when a
montage is made there is a juxtaposition.
Fade in/ out
Dissolve
6. + Below, list the four relationships between shots
Graphic
Rhythmic
Temporal
Spatial
7. + For GRAPHIC relationships provide a description and examples
of it’s usage
When a film is produced the creator may try to match the graphics between
shots, the graphic is the match of the pictures and the visuals in the shot. They
do this to make the video flow and match together to create an even sequence
in the film that has points of similarity. The graphics have a similarity in colour to
avoid clashing and bold points that could corrupt the continuity flow, they might
also have a similar movement shot within graphics to keep the flow or the
complete opposite they might make it different so that there is a bit of a clash
and mix between the movement but it still flows and the graphics still match.
In the film Inception (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Thx9P7AI-I) there
is a strong graphic relationship. The flow of the film is very continuous and
through out it has a very steady and equal flow and the movement matches
avoiding any types of sudden cuts and jumps. There is a graphic match with the
colouring of the film. There is a blue grey colour that contrasts with a deep
orange. These two colours indicate different aspects of the film and what’s going
on, the film maker has used these colours to show different parts of the film and
has represented them with a cool tone and a warmer tone which is something
the audience can identify with.
8. + For RYTHMIC relationships provide a description and examples
of it’s usage
Rhythmic relationships are important as they provide a pace for the
scenes. Different types of cuts and shots can be joined together and made
a fast or slow pace which creates a dimension of emotion for the film.
If shots cut together and are made into a slow pace then they indicate to
the audience that this is a slow, sad or mysterious where as a fast tempo
scene is often a lot more fast and action packed. Films often have a
balance of different rhythmic shots which change the tempo and pace of
the film.
In Spider Man 2 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUsssa6ArAY)
there is a train fight scene which is very action packed. The different shots
are on screen for a very short amount of time making the cuts through the
film really fast creating a fast tempo. As the pace is really fast it connects
with the audience and the use of the short shots and cuts makes the
audience have that same adrenaline rush which the film maker wants
them to have.
4 seconds of the film
9. + For TEMPORAL relationships provide a description and
examples of it’s usage
The temporal relationship is the editing of the time. This is used to
cut time in the film or extend time and can be used as well to have
flash forwards and flash backs in time. This is used to let the
audience see different events of time but without having to have a
really long and boring parts that would make the audience loose
interest.
In the film The girl on the Train
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkoEE1i0CX8) there is a
lot of flash backs through out the film. There is cuts through times
and the whole idea of the film is to patch together time. As it is a
crime film and there is a whole story that needs to unravel so there
is a lot of cuts and pull back from time and in current time to patch
together a mystery story. The creator has done this in a very
intriguing way and has managed to use time in an informal
sequence, the use of repetition and cuts to make a fully
understandable and intense film.
10. + Define the ‘Hollywood method’ of continuity editing and why it
became so prevalent…
Continuity editing is editing where there is a continuous flow,
the different shots are combined together to create a
continuous sequence. These shots don’t always have to be in
a single shot so it is just a sequence of shots that are coherent
and flowing.
This is so prevalent because it allows footage to be cut up so
you can use the parts that are relevant and cut out
unnecessary shots. This also allows movies to be made as the
footage is cut into sequences that flow together so you end up
with a really well addressed sequence. So now people use this
when creating a video.
11. + Provide a description of a scene where the 180 degree line has
been used, how does it provide spatial continuity/discontinuity?
In Jerry Maguire (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWdsAksrFC) there is
a 180 degree line. The 180 degree line is used to create a continuity
flow and allows the audience to be more involved in the film as they
can see more then just the basic aspect of it and the line provides this
flow.
In this scene there is a first conversation happening which is slightly
tense and stroppy which the audience can feel more because of the
line you can see both sides of the characters and it really gives the
audience more view on the conversation as you can see the all of the
aspects not just a straight on shot.
12. + POV and identification – explain how we are invited to identify
with a character through POV and shot reverse shot
Shot reverse shot is a shot where the character is shown looking at
someone (off-screen or on screen) then the shot is reversed back
and the someone else looks at the character. This is often used in
convocation and can add tension and dramatic empathy to the shot.
An example is In the Hunger Games
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1Ey0a6LJRA0) The two focus
characters are having a conversation and the shot constantly flicks
back between them so the audience can see how they are looking at
each other. This allows the audience to connect with the characters
and feel like they are the characters.
The point of verification is that point where you can see what the
character was looking at it is the identification and verification to the
audience to show what the character was looking at. In this example
it is from the initial shot to shot one where you see who he was
talking to.
Initial shot Shot 1 Shot 2
13. + Provide a definition of cross-cutting/parallel editing, what is so
effective about this technique? Where might a director use it?
A cross cut is cutting between stories when editing the editor will cut
between different shots and stories showing what is happening at different
locations. This technique is effective because you can get more
information across to the audience in the same amount of time and in the
same style. The cross cutting can be used to create more tension and can
create a build up before a final scene, it can also be used throughout a
video to cut between different storylines and events which are happening.
Directors use this to deliver a lot more information and create the look of
two stories. They also use this to create tension and produce certain
feelings to the audience. This technique is really effective as it is so strong
and you can use it really subtle or bold and for such a basic cut you can
get a lot of different effects and looks forming from it. The cut can also be
used to make the audience get different perspectives so cuts from a long
shot to a close up gives a different perspective of the same situation.
14. + What is Ellipsis? Select an example and explain how it
works…
Ellipsis is when the editor cuts the time of the action to fit in with
the time of the film. For example you don’t need to see every part
of a film so parts are cut and ellipsis are put in to sill give
information and the audience what is going on but it doesn’t show
every single detail.
A film that does this a lot is the 2015 SPY film
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrY3v1eDmQY) . This film is
based around a spy who travels around to different locations. In
the film it doesn’t show her travelling to all the locations as it would
get repetitive and annoying so they tend to have a shot with her
saying where she’s going then a shot of her leaving the airport
then a shot of the location, which fixes together and gives the
audience the information but doesn’t drag over the whole film.
I’m going to
Budapest
15. + What is meant by the term ‘intensified continuity’? Why do you
think continuity editing has developed in this way?
Intensified continuity is the theory that over time the amount of
shots have increased meaning that there is more action in films.
Not only have the amount of shots increased the set up of shots
have also increased and there is a lot more effect given off in the
shots as camera movement, framing and shots have come into
place so stationary shots are no loner used as more drama and
effects can be given through the camera movement.
I think that continuity editing has developed in this way because
when it comes to editing less is needed to be done to give different
effects. The use of shot lengths and the way that they are shot
makes a lot more of an effect before post production even begins
to take place. As soon as you begin to change from stationary
shots to different shots there is a lot of development forming so
then intensified continuity came into place.
17. +
Free choice case study
Your individual case study should describe the development of
editing in film and aim to highlight the different aspects of
editing discussed in the lecture [with examples]
You should select at least 2 different examples/clips to discuss
– you should include links to these and use still images to
support your arguments
Use the questions listed on the next slide to start your
investigations
18. +
Questions to ask
When any two shots are joined, you can ask several questions:
1. How are the shots graphically continuous or discontinuous?
2. What rhythmic relations are created?
3. Are the shots spatially continuous? If not, what creates the
spatial discontinuity? [Cross-cutting? Ambiguous cues?] If the
shots are continuous, how does the 180-degree system
create the continuity?
4. Are the shots temporally continuous? If so, what creates the
continuity? [e.g. matches on action?] If not, what creates the
discontinuity?