The document summarizes the campaign for reforms and the rise of the Katipunan independence movement in the Philippines under the leadership of Andres Bonifacio. Filipinos were discontented with heavy taxes and lack of representation in government. Reformist societies aimed to make the Philippines a Spanish province and grant Filipinos citizenship rights. However, the reform movement failed, leading Bonifacio to found the secret Katipunan society in 1892 seeking independence. The Katipunan's discovery in 1896 sparked the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule.

1. THE CAMPAIGN FOR
REFORMS
BY: MS. KHARYL C. GENODEPANON

2. The nature of the reform movement
• People were discontented because they remained poor and
burdened with heavy taxes
• Filipinos cannot participate in the government

3. Aims,
• Making the Philippines a province of Spain
• Represented in the Spanish law making body
• Filipinos would become Spanish citizen
“Benevolent Assimilation”

4. The Filipino Reformist
Graciano
Lopez Jaena
• Great orator
Jose Rizal
• Great thinker and writer
Marcelo H.
del Pilar
• Political analyst
• Editor

5. The Pro-Filipino societies
• Circulo Hispano-Filipino- the purpose of this newspaper
was to bring the attention of the Spanish authorities in Spain the
conditions I the Philippines and to work for the introduction of
reforms which would benefit the Filipinos
• Associacion Hispano-Filipino- to work for the material
and moral improvement of the Philippines

6. Masonry and its Role
• To work for freedom and prosperity
• Good government
• Representation in the Spanish Cortes
• Make the Philippines a province of Spain

7. La liga Filipina
• To unite the whole archipelago into one strong body
• Mutual protection of all members in the case of necessity
• The encouragement of agriculture, commerce and
education
• Defense against any kind of violence and injustice
• Study of applications and reforms

8. Why the reform movement failed?
• Spanish high officials in Spain were too
busy with their own problems
• Lack of financial support
• The reformist themselves were not united

9. Bonifacio and the Katipunan
By: Ms. Kharyl C. Genodepanon

10. Reform
Revolution

11. FOUNDING OF THE KATIPUNAN
• July 7, 1892 (Azcaraga street now Claro M.
Recto Avenue)
Includes the following men:
 Andres Bonifacio
 Teodoro Plata
 Valentin Diaz
 Ladislaw Diwa
 Deodato Arellano
-membership was a through a system called “TRIANGLE”

12. AIMS OF THE KATIPUNAN
CIVIC
• Members were urged to help the sick comrades and their families
MORAL
• Teaching of good manners hygiene and good moral Character
POLITICAL
• SEPARATION OF THE Philippines from Spain
• Securing its independence

13. KATIPUNAN GOVERNMENT
SUPREME COUNCIL
PROVINCIAL COUNCIL
POPULAR COUNCIL
JUDICIAL COUNCIL
SECRET CHAMBER

14. Three kinds of members
– KATIPON ( Anak ng Baya n )
– KAWAL ( Gomburza )
– BAYANI ( Rizal )
Katipunan Codes
Katipunan Flags- a flag was made by Benita Rodriguez with
the help of the wife of Bonifacio Gregoria de Jesus
“The Kalayaan”
Bonifacio- “Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa” (Agapito Bagumbayan)
Valenzuela- “Pahayag” (Madlang Away )

15. Andres Bonifacio
• November 30, 1896 ,Azcaraga Street near the present
Manila Railroad station
• Santiago Bonifacio and Catalina de Castro
• Ciriaco, Procopio, Troadio and his sisters Espiridiona and
Maxima

16. The Katipunan
Revolution
By: Ms. Kharyl C. Genodepanon

17. Teodoro Patiflo
Madre Portera
Father Mariano Gil
The Discovery of the Katipunan
August 19, 1896

18. - In the yard of Juan Ramos the son of Melchora Aquino or
“Tandang Sora”- Mother of the Katipunan
“ bring out your cedulas and tear them to pieces to show that
we are prepared to take up arms”
“Long live Philippines! Long live Katipunan!”
“THE CRY OF THE PUGADLAWIN”

19. August 30, 1896
They attack the powder magazine located in San Juan del Monte
Martial law
Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac and
Nueva Ecija
-Those who would surrender 48 hrs after the publication
of the decree would not be tried in the Military court

20. “THE REIGN OF TERROR”
• September 4, - four Katiponeros were executed in
Bagumbayan field
• Sept. 12- 13 suspects from cavite were also executed “ the
13 martyr's of Cavite”
• January 4, 1897- 12 Bikolano patriots were were also shot
to death

21. Rizal’s Execution- Dec. 30, 1896
-His execution did not dishearten the revolutionist, on the
contrary they resolved to fight to the bitter end, thus Rizal’
s execution encouraged rather than discouraged the
Filipinos to fight heroically for their country and its
independence

22. Emilio Aguinaldo- “Heneral Miong”
• His famous victory was in Imus on September 5, he
defeated the Spanish army contingent under the
command of General Ernesto de Aguirre

23. “Tejeros convention”
• March 22, 1897
• March 23, - Tejeros Resolution- Bonifacio and 45 others give their
reasons for not recognizing the previous election
 President – Emilio Aguinaldo
 Vice President- Mariano Trias
 Captain General- Artenio Recarte
 Director of war- Emiliano Riego de Dios
 Director of the Interior- Andres Bonifacio

24. Naik Military Agreement
• Was a military agreement in which another government
would be established , General Pio del Pilar was to be the
commander of this army and the head of the government
was Bonifacio himself

25. The Execution of Bonifacio
• Colonel Agapito Bonzon
• May 10, 1897 in Mount Tala part of Mount
Buntis
• Bonifacio and his brother Ciriaco

26. • Gov. Gen. Camilo de Polavieja- succeeded Gen. Ramon
Blanco in Dec. 1896 grew tired of the Filipinos who refused
to surrender
• Gov. Gen. – Fernando Primo de Rivera, took personal
charge of the military campaign against the rebels.
- Rivera tied hrd to win over the Filipinos back but he failed,

27. Biyak na Bato Republic
• Felix Ferrer and Isabelo Artacho
– copied the Cuban Constition
• Article VIII provided that
• “ the Tagalog shall be the
official language of the Republic
the constitution was approved
on November 1,
President: Emilio Aguinaldo
Vice President: Mariano Trias
Secretary of Interior: Isabelo
Artacho
Secretary of war- Emiliano Riego
de Dios
Secretary of the Treasury-
Baldomero Aguinaldo

28. The Truce of Biyak-na-Bato
• Nov. 18, Dec.14 and 15 1897
• The agreement provided:
– That Aguinaldo and his men would go into voluntary exile
– That primo de Rivera would pay Aguinaldo the amount of
800,000 pesos
– The latter would pay an additional amount of 900,000 to the
families of non-combatant Filipinos who suffered during the
revolution

29. The Failure of the Truce
• Both the Spaniards and the Filipinos did not trust each other that
resulted to mutual suspicion
• Bad faith on both sides,
“Where there is bad faith there can be no permanent
peace”