The document outlines 10 stages of a fiber optic cable installation project: 1. Proposed route survey using GPS and mapping software. 2. Drafting an AutoCAD drawing of the survey. 3. Trenching through various terrains to the required depth. 4. Constructing concrete manholes and route markers along the path. 5. Laying PVC or HDPE ducting and joining sections with couplings. 6. Backfilling trenches and reinstating surfaces that were cut. 7. Pulling or blowing fiber optic cable through the ducting. 8. Terminating the cable in connectors and splicing connections. 9. Testing for insertion loss and faults. 10. Creating

2. WHAT HAPPENS
IN -BETWEEN
IS THE
MANAGEMENT

3. STAGE I
PROPOSED ROUTE SURVEY
 After studying the SOW from the client .
It is important to survey the project route and take
note of the terrain.
 The use of GPS and knowledge of it with other
mapping
software is an hedge in this stage

4. IT IS ALL ABOUT
COMPLING WITH
PROCESS
..it has start and end

5. It begins with
SURVEY of the
PROPOSED ROUTE

6. STAGE II
DRAFTING AND DRAWING OF
THE SURVEY
IN AUTO-CAD FORMAT
MH 1 MH 2 IN
MH 3
IN
MH 5 OUT
MH 4 OUT
MH 6 MH 7

7. STAGE III
TRENCHING

8. YOU CAN CALL IT
DIGGING, REMOVAL OF
THE TERRAIN SUFARCE
TO A GIVEN DEPTH

9. ASPHALT CUTTING, CONCRETE
BREAKING, THRUST BORING, PAVE
STONES, SWAMP AREAS, BRIGDE
CROSSING are some of the terrain to
work with during
TRENCHING

10. STAGE IV : CONCRETE WORK
casting of MANHOLE and ROUTE MARKER
Manhole are the concrete junction box site at given interval on the project route
THIS CAN BE CONSTRUCTED ON SITE (IN-SITU)
OR
CAST IN THE PROJECT EQUIPMENT LOCATED (PRE-CAST)
Route marker are the short pillars erected along the fiber route to indicate the
presence of underground telecom facilities

11. STAGE V
DUCTING & COUPLING
Laying of
(PVC Polyvinyl chloride) (HDPE: High density polyethene) & GI Pipe

12. WHAT IS COUPLING
JOINING OF DUCTS TOGETHER FOR CONTINUITY

13. PVC COUPLING
PVC (Polyvinyl chloride)COUPLING INVOLVE SETTING
THE FEMALE SIDE OF THE PIPE AGAINST THE MALE SIDE

14. SUB-DUCT COUPLING
THE SUB-DUCT KNOWN AS HDPE (High Density
Polyethylene) VARY IN SIZES 33/40mm. It is uniform
in size. Unlike PVC, it does not have male and female
sides. joining requires a special coupler
and techniques

15. STAGE VI
BACKFILLING
&
REINSTATEMENT
This term refers to the returns of the excavated soil to the trench. Warning tape is
required here before total backfilling. Reinstatement only takes place where
major terrain such as asphalt cutting and concrete breaking take place

16. STAGE VII
FIBER WORK
FIBER PULLING : HAND PULLING OR BLOWING

17. It involve inserting of the fiber
optics cable into the sub-duct
from manhole to manhole to the
end of the cable drum or
cassette.

18. Equipment such as the calibration rope, stager,
hand and blowing machine can be deployed
to achieve this stage

19. STAGE VIII
FIBER CABLE
TERMINATION
Connectorization and splicing

20. STAGE IX : TESTING
INSERTION LOSS TEST AND OTDR TEST
VISUAL FAULT LOCATOR
OLTS
OTDR

21. STAGE X
DOCUMENTATION OF THE TEST RESULT, AS- BUILT DRAWING

22. For all your
fiber Optics certification
training
in
Nigeria
visit
www.imtfiber.com
and
www.imtcomputer.net