This document summarizes Laura Mulvey's feminist film theory, specifically her concept of the "male gaze." It explains that Mulvey believes cinema reflects the patriarchal society in which it was created. According to Mulvey, the camera represents the male gaze and objectifies female characters, who are portrayed as passive objects of male erotic desire for both characters and the audience. This constructs the audience as implicitly male and forces women to view films from a male perspective.
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Hollywood Film Analysis
The classic Hollywood movie was dominated by a misogynistic view of sex and gender. The Hollywood film rose rapidly as one of the highest earning industries in America in the early twentieth century. As a result of the traditional patriarchal society of the era it was the men who owned the studios, the men who wrote the scripts, the men who worked behind the scenes, and the men who held the leading roles that dominated the industry. In this paper, I will discuss in brief my experience in viewing the short film by Tracy Moffatt (2003). Second, examine the feminist theories of Mulvey (1975) that provide a psychoanalysis of the male gaze and how these views of sex and gender were placed in the movie. Finally, I will provide a counter...show more content...The criteria of this theory examined how women s roles were perceived, were they passive or active, did they receive adequate screen time and were their roles stereotypical of the female genre, did the roles reinforce sexism . In addition, in its infancy, this theory examined the meaning of the text and what affects they had on the audience and the primary focus on the male gaze and spectatorship .
Moreover, Laura Mulvey s essay, Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema (1975), Mulvey applied the psychoanalysis theories of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan and combined them with feminist theory to analyse the woman s role in film. Mulvey argues that women play roles that are passive and women are only used as a visual pleasure to accompany the male actor , that is to say, the woman s role is to highlight the patriarchal order of the male, hence the woman is objectified and exploited . According to Mul
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2. LAURA MULVEY
Laura Mulvey is the main theorist in feminist
theory.
She believes cinema reflects society and
therefore cinema reflects a patriarchal
society.
3. THE GAZE
The ‘gaze’ of the camera is the ‘male gaze’.
The male gaze is active, the female is
passive.
Within the narrative male characters direct
the gaze towards the female character.
4. THE MALE GAZE
The spectator is made to identify with the male
gaze because the camera films from the optical,
as we as libidinal, point of view from the male
character.
Thus three levels of the cinematic gaze that
objectify the female character. (the triple gaze)
Therefore the audience is constructed as
though everyone was male and women are
forced to look at the text as though they were
male in a process of suture.
5. AGENCY
In the classical Hollywood cinema the male
protagonist has agency, he is active and
powerful.
He is the agent around whom the dramatic
action unfolds.
The female character is passive and
powerless – she is the object of erotic desire
for the protagonist and the audience.
6. EROTIC DESIRE
Mulvey argues that women have two roles in
a film;
1) As an object of erotic desire for the
characters.
2) As an object for the erotic desire for the
audience
