Fandom: A Look at Fan Participation in the Current Media 2
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The document reports on a study of 253 participants about fan participation in media. It analyzes how fans show their support for fandoms through different mediums and their interactions with others. The study found that extreme fans tend to incorporate fandom into their daily lives and interact with other fans, supporting the hypothesis. However, it did not find that fans see their fandom as a competition. There were also no clear trends found between levels of fandom and attributes like age, gender and education. The sample size and vague nature of fandom made the study challenging.
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2) Uses and gratifications theory which posits that people seek out specific media to fulfill personal needs related to information, identity, social interaction, and entertainment.
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- Dependency theory suggests people rely more on media that meet many of their needs over media that meet few, and dependency increases during times of social change.
- Reception theory holds that audiences do not passively accept media messages but actively interpret them based on their own backgrounds and experiences, which can lead to dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings.
- The document provides examples of how different audiences may have dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings of the reality show TOWIE.
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The document discusses several theories of audience perspectives in media studies:
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2) Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model showed that media producers encode intended meanings, but audiences decode meanings based on their own perspectives, which may differ from intended meanings.
3) Uses and gratifications theory views audiences as active in using media to fulfill needs like entertainment, social interaction, identity exploration, and information/education.
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The Lord of the Rings trilogy is a highly successful fantasy film franchise based on J.R.R. Tolkien's novels. Directed by Peter Jackson, the trilogy consists of The Fellowship of the Ring (2001), The Two Towers (2002), and The Return of the King (2003). The films follow the hobbit Frodo Baggins and the Fellowship who seek to destroy the One Ring and defeat the dark lord Sauron. The trilogy was a major critical and commercial success, praised for its epic scope, storytelling, acting, visual effects, and musical score. It won a combined 17 Academy Awards and introduced millions of new fans to Tolkien's Middle-earth universe.
Social Networing Site Usage and the Female Fashion Leader A quali.docx
Social Networing Site Usage and the Female Fashion Leader: A qualitative study of how Female Fashion Leaders use Facebook, Instagram and Twitter
Alkharashi, N., Burns, R., and Naz, F.
California State University, Northridge
Keywords: Fashion; SNS
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
1. Two-Step Communication Theory
2. Fashion Leadership
The theory of fashion consumer groups by Rogers (1962), suggest that every consumer has a unique pattern of behavior when a new item is presented to him or her. These patterns determine some basic categories that are important in consumer adoption. They include early adopters, innovators, early majority, laggards and late majority. Each of these categories has a different percentage in the population. Knowledge of these categories is important in identifying the specific groups in which an individual falls. Identifying early adopters is especially important as the earlier an adoption of a product is done, the faster it runs through to other consumers. The acceptance of the products then leads to a greater percentage of the population gaining interest.
Roger’s model was built upon by Hirschman and Adcock (1978), who differentiated the fashion consumer groups through the use of a scale. The developed scale points out the four groups that are fashion oriented. The groups include fashion opinion leaders, fashion followers, fashion innovators and innovative communicators (Hirschman & Adcock, 1978). The four groups have unique characteristics that depend on their way of interaction with clothing, as well as trends on fashion. Each group has a different motivation when making decisions on whatever they are in need of. Several researchers have greatly assessed the diverse behavioral patterns of various fashion consumers. The research has it that the fashion opinion leaders, as well as innovators are the most conscious on fashion among all other groups of consumers because their fashion interest and trends is the strongest (citation needed). Moreover, the two are driven by the high need for being unique when making their daily decisions. Contradicting to that, innovative communicators, as well as the fashion followers do not do their shopping on fashionable items at frequent rates (Workman & Caldwell, 2007). Shopping motivations that are hedonic also not often drives them (citation needed).
Fashion leadership is multi-dimensional. Dimensions that arise from fashion leadership include innovativeness in fashion, as well as leadership opinion (citation needed). Researchers have found that although different in function there are similar characteristics that exist between opinion leaders and innovators (Workman & Johnson, 1993). The idea of opinion leadership as it relates to fashion was first explored in the 1969 study by John O. Summers. Summers looked to identify Women’s clothing fashion opinion leaders. His research examined the sociological variables, personality/attitudinal factors, mass media exposure, and i.
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The document discusses how media theories and regulation have changed drastically due to new technologies that make media easier to consume and create. It notes that there are now different ways that media institutions, audiences, and government agencies interact with and use media. These new platforms and technologies actively shape the world.
Dean r berry pro and con social networking
This document discusses whether social networking sites are good for society. It begins by posing questions about some potential positive and negative impacts of social media use. It then outlines 10 reasons presented in favor of social networking sites being good for society. These reasons include that social media allows for faster dissemination of news, can help students academically, improves relationships, empowers women and job seekers, facilitates in-person interactions, enables political and social change, and helps socially isolated individuals connect with others.
The cost of engagement working paper - mapp - december 10 2012
The document provides a case study of the Liberty Movement and Students for Liberty (SFL), a central organization within the movement. It examines:
1) The relationship between institutional supports and participatory practices within the movement and how SFL capitalizes on and fails to take advantage of this relationship.
2) The role of new media and how SFL and movement participants use online and offline spaces to enable participatory cultures and politics.
3) The role of community and how it supports learning and organizing through mentorship, despite an embrace of individualism within the movement.
The case study utilizes interviews and observation to provide a nuanced account of SFL and the Liberty Movement, addressing tensions between institutional/
Fan favorites
In 2014, I spent a lot of time around soccer fans. I regularly hung out at the sports bars frequented by Los Angeles’s official Real Madrid supporters club. My friends constantly shared with me, via email and social media, soccer-related websites, articles, and videos highlighting soccer fans and their love of the sport — and I clicked on them. I posted on soccer blogs, and rang up a bunch of credit card purchases in Brazil in July, during the World Cup. If my phone, the sites I visited, and the merchants I patronized had been collecting all the data associated with the places I went, the people I spoke to, and even the purchases I made, an analyst could easily have concluded that I was an ardent soccer fan (or, as people outside the U.S. would say, a football fan). But I’m not; at least, I wasn’t. At the time, I was studying sports fans as part of a research project with Havas Sports and Entertainment, to understand their passions and how they engage with brands — especially the brands that sponsor players, teams, and events in hopes of giving sports fans the experiences that they want. In doing so, I wound up becoming a case study in my own project.
My data trail marked me as a soccer fan, and continues to do so to this day. As I go about my business online, I am continually served automatically generated soccer-related recommendations and ads.
My experience is, of course, not unique. The widespread use of mobile devices has shifted the way we think about, understand, and participate in the world. Sometimes by permission (but often without our awareness), we continually funnel our locations, habits, desires, and selves into a pool of knowledge that every company wants to drink from in order to better understand and serve us. Each of us increasingly leaves behind trails of data that become crucial in shaping our digital identity.
Technology conference
The document discusses social media and its role in libraries. It defines social media and user generated content. It explains how social media has changed how people interact and communicate. It emphasizes the importance of information literacy and technological literacy in this new digital environment. It discusses concepts like participatory culture, the participation gap, and challenges of transparency and ethics that youth face. It provides statistics on usage of major social media platforms like Facebook, YouTube, and Pinterest. It outlines strategies libraries can take to better utilize social media, such as combining online and in-person events, curating content, and writing succinctly for the web.
The Media Zones Where People Live And How To Connect With Them
This document summarizes research from the Pew Research Internet Project on how Americans interact with political content on social media. It finds that social networks tend to function as "echo chambers" where people are mainly exposed to opinions they agree with. Many social media users have "trimmed" their networks by unfriending or blocking people with opposing political views. However, the majority of social media users report having a mix of views among their friends and usually ignore political posts they disagree with. The document provides advice on how to effectively engage different types of audiences on social media.
Evaluation of the Impact of a person's Sense of Community on Attitudinal Loya...
This master's thesis examines how a person's sense of community impacts their attitudinal loyalty and purchase behavior regarding the Harry Potter brand. The author develops a conceptual model linking sense of community and attitudinal loyalty, with attitudinal loyalty then linking to purchase behavior. A quantitative study is conducted using a questionnaire to collect data from 602 respondents. Data analysis finds that only shared emotional connection impacts attitudinal loyalty. Additionally, behavioral aspects of attitudinal loyalty impact purchase behavior. The study provides implications for marketing focusing on shared emotional connection and attitudes. Areas for further research are also discussed.
Scholars imagined audiences
When participating online, individuals draw on the limited cues they have available to create for themselves an imagined audience (Litt, 2012). Such audiences shape users’ social media practices, and thus the expression of identity online (Marwick & boyd, 2011). In this research we posed the following questions: (1) how do scholars conceptualize their audiences when participating on social media, and (2) how does that conceptualization impact their self-expression online? By answering these questions, we aim to provide a more nuanced picture of scholars’ social media practices and experiences. The audiences imagined by the scholars we interviewed appear to be well defined rather than the nebulous constructions often described in previous studies (e.g. Brake, 2012; Vitak, 2012). While scholar indicated that some audiences were unknown, none noted that their audience was unfamiliar. This study also shows that a misalignment exists between the audiences that scholars imagine encountering online and the audiences that higher education institutions imagine their scholars encountering online.
Hw critical task 4
The document discusses different ways that audiences can respond to media. It describes participatory responses, where audiences interact with and comment on media through social media. It also discusses cultural competence, where understanding cultural symbols and references is needed to fully comprehend media. Finally, it discusses fan culture, where fans actively create new works based on existing media franchises, such as writing fan fiction, and find community with other fans. Examples are given of each type of response, such as how audiences use Twitter to discuss TV shows live or how understanding baking terms is needed to fully engage with the Great British Bake Off.
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- 6. R1: How do fans show their support/participation of a fan society? 16.2% 2.7% 27.0% 24.8% 8.1% 8.1% 13.5% 27.7% 24.9% 19.7% 4.7% 6.2% 6.5% 4.8% 5.2%
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