Folktales were stories told by common people to entertain and sometimes teach cultural lessons. They featured everyday people and animals as characters and had happy endings. Fairytales are a type of folktale that include magical elements and tend to follow certain patterns, originally entertaining wealthy people. Folktales centered on peasants and outcasts while fairytales started as art for upper classes.
Greek and Roman mythology describes the origins of the world and the gods and goddesses that inhabit it. The myths explain natural phenomena and provide insight into ancient cultures' views of humanity. According to myth, in the beginning there was only chaos until Love brought order. Earth and sky were formed, and the first gods, the Titans, emerged. The most powerful gods, the Olympians, overthrew the Titans and ruled the world from Mount Olympus, led by Zeus. The myths feature a pantheon of deities with distinct personalities and domains, from Hera and Poseidon to Apollo and Aphrodite, as well as other mythical creatures like the Muses, Furies, and Centaurs.
The document summarizes the Greek creation myth involving the origins of the Titans and Olympian gods. It describes how Gaea (Mother Earth) emerged from Chaos and gave birth to Uranus (Father Sky) and their later children, the Hecatoncheires (Hundred-Handed Giants) and Cyclopes. Uranus imprisoned these children in Tartarus, angering Gaea. She convinced their son Cronus to overthrow Uranus, which he did with the help of a sickle. This led to the rule of the Titans and later a war between the Titans and Olympians, with Zeus, Poseidon, and others defeating the Titans with the aid of the Hec
Myths are sacred stories that attempt to explain the world and human experiences through traditional tales that may be partly factual or fictional. Myths typically discuss universal human concerns like birth, death, the afterlife, origins of humanity and the world, good and evil, and human nature. While details vary across cultures, myths often share similar archetypal themes that reflect collective human wisdom. Myths can act as warnings that address cultural norms and taboos and are still relevant to modern artists and storytellers.
This document provides information about fables by defining what a fable is, listing common elements of fables such as animals as main characters and lessons, and providing examples of famous fables from Aesop. It explains that fables are short stories that teach a moral lesson and often feature anthropomorphized animals. Some classic fables summarized include The Grasshopper and the Ants, The Tortoise and the Hare, and The Lion and the Mouse.
A folktale is a story that has been orally passed down through the ages. It typically teaches a lesson or explains natural phenomena, with characters representing human qualities like good and evil. Folktales are straightforward with clear problems and resolutions, usually ending happily. Common types of folktales include trickster tales, fables, fairytales, and "why" stories which explain how things came to be.
Myths and folktales are stories that are passed down orally through generations in cultures to explain phenomena and teach lessons. Myths use gods and goddesses to explain the origins of the world and natural events, while folktales like legends, fairy tales, and fables are secular stories told for entertainment that may also teach cultural values. Both contain common archetypes across cultures and give people a sense of identity and purpose.
This document provides guidelines for directed writing in three paragraphs. The first paragraph outlines best practices for writing responses, including using all provided content points, elaborating on each point with 2-3 sentences, and including an introduction and conclusion. The second paragraph describes common mistakes to avoid, such as writing more than the requested number of points or using informal language. The third paragraph lists different formats for directed writing, such as speeches, articles, and letters.
Folktales were stories told by common people to entertain and sometimes teach cultural lessons. They featured everyday people and animals as characters and had happy endings. Fairytales are a type of folktale that include magical elements and tend to follow certain patterns, originally entertaining wealthy people. Folktales centered on peasants and outcasts while fairytales started as art for upper classes.
Greek and Roman mythology describes the origins of the world and the gods and goddesses that inhabit it. The myths explain natural phenomena and provide insight into ancient cultures' views of humanity. According to myth, in the beginning there was only chaos until Love brought order. Earth and sky were formed, and the first gods, the Titans, emerged. The most powerful gods, the Olympians, overthrew the Titans and ruled the world from Mount Olympus, led by Zeus. The myths feature a pantheon of deities with distinct personalities and domains, from Hera and Poseidon to Apollo and Aphrodite, as well as other mythical creatures like the Muses, Furies, and Centaurs.
The document summarizes the Greek creation myth involving the origins of the Titans and Olympian gods. It describes how Gaea (Mother Earth) emerged from Chaos and gave birth to Uranus (Father Sky) and their later children, the Hecatoncheires (Hundred-Handed Giants) and Cyclopes. Uranus imprisoned these children in Tartarus, angering Gaea. She convinced their son Cronus to overthrow Uranus, which he did with the help of a sickle. This led to the rule of the Titans and later a war between the Titans and Olympians, with Zeus, Poseidon, and others defeating the Titans with the aid of the Hec
Myths are sacred stories that attempt to explain the world and human experiences through traditional tales that may be partly factual or fictional. Myths typically discuss universal human concerns like birth, death, the afterlife, origins of humanity and the world, good and evil, and human nature. While details vary across cultures, myths often share similar archetypal themes that reflect collective human wisdom. Myths can act as warnings that address cultural norms and taboos and are still relevant to modern artists and storytellers.
This document provides information about fables by defining what a fable is, listing common elements of fables such as animals as main characters and lessons, and providing examples of famous fables from Aesop. It explains that fables are short stories that teach a moral lesson and often feature anthropomorphized animals. Some classic fables summarized include The Grasshopper and the Ants, The Tortoise and the Hare, and The Lion and the Mouse.
A folktale is a story that has been orally passed down through the ages. It typically teaches a lesson or explains natural phenomena, with characters representing human qualities like good and evil. Folktales are straightforward with clear problems and resolutions, usually ending happily. Common types of folktales include trickster tales, fables, fairytales, and "why" stories which explain how things came to be.
Myths and folktales are stories that are passed down orally through generations in cultures to explain phenomena and teach lessons. Myths use gods and goddesses to explain the origins of the world and natural events, while folktales like legends, fairy tales, and fables are secular stories told for entertainment that may also teach cultural values. Both contain common archetypes across cultures and give people a sense of identity and purpose.
This document provides guidelines for directed writing in three paragraphs. The first paragraph outlines best practices for writing responses, including using all provided content points, elaborating on each point with 2-3 sentences, and including an introduction and conclusion. The second paragraph describes common mistakes to avoid, such as writing more than the requested number of points or using informal language. The third paragraph lists different formats for directed writing, such as speeches, articles, and letters.
This document discusses the key elements and characteristics of traditional and modern fantasy literature for children. It covers folktales, fairy tales, myths, legends, and different types of fantasy stories. The main elements that define fantasy genres are described, such as magic, other worlds, good vs evil themes, heroism, and special characters and objects. The educational and developmental benefits of fantasy for children are also summarized.
Legends are semi-true stories passed down through oral tradition that often include supernatural elements. They are set in the recent past and try to explain natural phenomena or teach lessons. Myths are traditional stories, usually involving gods or heroes, that ancient cultures used to explain the origins of life or natural world. They often have fantastical elements. Both legends and myths share similar characteristics like blending real and fantastical elements, using stories to educate or entertain, and being set in the past but not always specifying when or where events took place. However, myths typically feature supernatural beings and focus on explaining natural or religious aspects of the world while legends emphasize teaching lessons through stories of common people in extraordinary situations.
Folktales are oral stories passed down through generations that use magic and fantasy to explain the natural world or teach moral lessons. There are different types of folktales like trickster tales, fables, pourquoi stories, and fairytales. Common elements among folktales include the rule of threes, themes of good vs evil with good rewarded and evil punished, stock characters like a young heroic protagonist, and settings that are vaguely described to engage the imagination.
Jason was a Greek prince whose father was driven from his throne by Jason's uncle, Pelias. To regain his rightful place, Jason embarked on a quest to retrieve the Golden Fleece from the faraway land of Colchis with the help of the Argonauts. The group encountered many dangers along the way, including the Harpies, Talos, and Medea's brother. Through courage and Medea's magic, Jason obtained the Golden Fleece and returned home, though his uncle would not relinquish the throne so easily.
Folktales are simple stories that are passed down orally through generations. They typically include supernatural elements, represent human qualities through characters, and teach moral lessons. There are several types of folktales, including trickster tales about clever characters who cause problems, fables that assign human traits to animals to impart short moral lessons indirectly, and fairytales with good and evil characters, magic, and predictable story structures. Some well-known examples are The Tortoise and the Hare, The Three Little Pigs, Cinderella, and Jack and the Beanstalk.
This is an introductory powerpoint addressing the definition and fundamentals of Greek/Roman mythology. It addresses the where, why and who of the creation and study of the Greek gods and goddesses.
The story describes a small incident that occurred on the narrator's way to work. As the narrator rode in a rickshaw, the passenger began shouting angrily at the rickshaw puller for going too slowly. The narrator felt ashamed by the passenger's behavior and for not speaking up. Every time he remembers the incident, the narrator is filled with shame for failing to defend the rickshaw puller. The summary conveys the key events and feeling of shame experienced by the narrator.
The Greeks believed in a pantheon of gods led by Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades who were brothers and had overthrown their father Cronus and the Titans. These Olympian gods lived on Mount Olympus and influenced human affairs and battles between gods and mortals were depicted in Greek myths. The myths attempted to explain natural phenomena and aspects of life that were otherwise inexplicable to the Greeks, such as death, creation of the world, seasons, and more.
This document defines and describes various literary genres. It outlines the main categories of fiction and nonfiction genres. Fiction genres covered include fantasy, historical fiction, science fiction, horror/mystery, realistic fiction, fables, folktales, myths, legends, tall tales, and fairy tales. Nonfiction genres discussed are biography, autobiography, essays, speeches, textbooks, diaries, and anecdotes. Each genre is briefly defined and examples are provided.
The document provides information on figures and concepts from Greek mythology. It describes many of the major gods and goddesses like Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, and Aphrodite. It also discusses other mythical creatures and beings such as the Fates, Centaurs, Gorgons, and Pegasus. The myths and stories surrounding these figures are believed to provide insight into how ancient Greeks understood the world.
Myths help people make sense of the world by providing explanations for natural phenomena and events. They also influence human behavior. Common themes in myths around the world include gods and spirits influencing nature, animals representing human traits or symbolizing ideas, and trickster figures using cleverness or wit both to fool others and help them. Myths are important because they reflect how different cultures understood their world.
Characteristics of african literature reportShin Ran Rin
African literature preserves the rich culture and traditions of African nations through myths and trickster tales that explain creation and existence. When European colonial powers like England, Portugal, and France conquered Africa, most African literary pieces shed light on controversial issues such as racial discrimination, political conflicts, civil war, gender sensitivity, and human rights issues.
Folktales are stories passed down orally from generation to generation that often explain natural phenomena or convey life lessons. They feature fantastical elements like magic, supernatural forces, and talking animals. Folktales have no specific time or place, involve themes of three, and always end happily. They serve to remind people of their culture and traditions, teach lessons about human nature, and entertain listeners with their use of magic and creatures.
This document defines and describes different types of literature. It discusses that literature includes prose and poetry. Prose uses paragraphs to express ideas and feelings, while poetry uses lines and stanzas. Some common types of prose are essays, novels, short stories, biographies, diaries, and journals. Poetry is divided into lyric poetry which expresses personal feelings, and narrative poetry which tells a story through characters and events. Examples are provided for many of the literature types.
The document defines and provides examples of several literary devices: similes which use like or as to draw comparisons; metaphors which make implicit comparisons; personification which gives human attributes to non-human things; alliteration which uses repeating consonant sounds; and apostrophe which addresses absent or non-human things as if present. Each term is repeated three times for emphasis and examples are provided to illustrate each device.
This document provides an overview of myths, mythology, and the history and evolution of myths. It discusses theories on how myths originated, including ideas from Euhemerus, philologists, anthropologists, and Emile Durkheim. It also outlines sources of mythology from different cultures like Greece, Egypt, Norse, Slavic, and the Philippines. The document lists writers and stories involving myths and provides brief biographies of some writers. It discusses values and roles of myths as well as types of myth stories. The summary concludes with a high-level overview of the content covered in the document relating to myths, mythology, and stories involving myths from different cultures and time periods.
This document discusses the definition of myths and provides several examples of myths from Greek and Hindu traditions. Myths are stories that may or may not be true and express visions of the human situation. The document outlines myths about Orpheus and his attempt to retrieve his wife Eurydice from the underworld using his powerful music. It also discusses the Greek goddess Demeter who presided over grains and the cycle of life and death, and her daughter Persephone who was abducted by Hades. In Hindu tradition, it summarizes the myth of Rama, the seventh avatar of Vishnu and protagonist of the Ramayana, who fought Ravana to save his wife Sita. The document notes myths are sometimes followed due
Myths, legends, and folktales are forms of storytelling that have been used since the beginning of civilization to explain the world, provide guidance, entertain, and pass down history and knowledge. Myths often involve supernatural elements and aim to explain universal truths, legends usually contain some historical facts mixed with fictional elements, and folktales are stories that are passed down orally from generation to generation with unknown authors. These forms of storytelling serve many purposes such as strengthening communities, teaching morals, explaining natural phenomena, and entertaining audiences before modern forms of media. They can be difficult to distinctly classify as they often overlap.
This document discusses the key elements and characteristics of traditional and modern fantasy literature for children. It covers folktales, fairy tales, myths, legends, and different types of fantasy stories. The main elements that define fantasy genres are described, such as magic, other worlds, good vs evil themes, heroism, and special characters and objects. The educational and developmental benefits of fantasy for children are also summarized.
Legends are semi-true stories passed down through oral tradition that often include supernatural elements. They are set in the recent past and try to explain natural phenomena or teach lessons. Myths are traditional stories, usually involving gods or heroes, that ancient cultures used to explain the origins of life or natural world. They often have fantastical elements. Both legends and myths share similar characteristics like blending real and fantastical elements, using stories to educate or entertain, and being set in the past but not always specifying when or where events took place. However, myths typically feature supernatural beings and focus on explaining natural or religious aspects of the world while legends emphasize teaching lessons through stories of common people in extraordinary situations.
Folktales are oral stories passed down through generations that use magic and fantasy to explain the natural world or teach moral lessons. There are different types of folktales like trickster tales, fables, pourquoi stories, and fairytales. Common elements among folktales include the rule of threes, themes of good vs evil with good rewarded and evil punished, stock characters like a young heroic protagonist, and settings that are vaguely described to engage the imagination.
Jason was a Greek prince whose father was driven from his throne by Jason's uncle, Pelias. To regain his rightful place, Jason embarked on a quest to retrieve the Golden Fleece from the faraway land of Colchis with the help of the Argonauts. The group encountered many dangers along the way, including the Harpies, Talos, and Medea's brother. Through courage and Medea's magic, Jason obtained the Golden Fleece and returned home, though his uncle would not relinquish the throne so easily.
Folktales are simple stories that are passed down orally through generations. They typically include supernatural elements, represent human qualities through characters, and teach moral lessons. There are several types of folktales, including trickster tales about clever characters who cause problems, fables that assign human traits to animals to impart short moral lessons indirectly, and fairytales with good and evil characters, magic, and predictable story structures. Some well-known examples are The Tortoise and the Hare, The Three Little Pigs, Cinderella, and Jack and the Beanstalk.
This is an introductory powerpoint addressing the definition and fundamentals of Greek/Roman mythology. It addresses the where, why and who of the creation and study of the Greek gods and goddesses.
The story describes a small incident that occurred on the narrator's way to work. As the narrator rode in a rickshaw, the passenger began shouting angrily at the rickshaw puller for going too slowly. The narrator felt ashamed by the passenger's behavior and for not speaking up. Every time he remembers the incident, the narrator is filled with shame for failing to defend the rickshaw puller. The summary conveys the key events and feeling of shame experienced by the narrator.
The Greeks believed in a pantheon of gods led by Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades who were brothers and had overthrown their father Cronus and the Titans. These Olympian gods lived on Mount Olympus and influenced human affairs and battles between gods and mortals were depicted in Greek myths. The myths attempted to explain natural phenomena and aspects of life that were otherwise inexplicable to the Greeks, such as death, creation of the world, seasons, and more.
This document defines and describes various literary genres. It outlines the main categories of fiction and nonfiction genres. Fiction genres covered include fantasy, historical fiction, science fiction, horror/mystery, realistic fiction, fables, folktales, myths, legends, tall tales, and fairy tales. Nonfiction genres discussed are biography, autobiography, essays, speeches, textbooks, diaries, and anecdotes. Each genre is briefly defined and examples are provided.
The document provides information on figures and concepts from Greek mythology. It describes many of the major gods and goddesses like Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, and Aphrodite. It also discusses other mythical creatures and beings such as the Fates, Centaurs, Gorgons, and Pegasus. The myths and stories surrounding these figures are believed to provide insight into how ancient Greeks understood the world.
Myths help people make sense of the world by providing explanations for natural phenomena and events. They also influence human behavior. Common themes in myths around the world include gods and spirits influencing nature, animals representing human traits or symbolizing ideas, and trickster figures using cleverness or wit both to fool others and help them. Myths are important because they reflect how different cultures understood their world.
Characteristics of african literature reportShin Ran Rin
African literature preserves the rich culture and traditions of African nations through myths and trickster tales that explain creation and existence. When European colonial powers like England, Portugal, and France conquered Africa, most African literary pieces shed light on controversial issues such as racial discrimination, political conflicts, civil war, gender sensitivity, and human rights issues.
Folktales are stories passed down orally from generation to generation that often explain natural phenomena or convey life lessons. They feature fantastical elements like magic, supernatural forces, and talking animals. Folktales have no specific time or place, involve themes of three, and always end happily. They serve to remind people of their culture and traditions, teach lessons about human nature, and entertain listeners with their use of magic and creatures.
This document defines and describes different types of literature. It discusses that literature includes prose and poetry. Prose uses paragraphs to express ideas and feelings, while poetry uses lines and stanzas. Some common types of prose are essays, novels, short stories, biographies, diaries, and journals. Poetry is divided into lyric poetry which expresses personal feelings, and narrative poetry which tells a story through characters and events. Examples are provided for many of the literature types.
The document defines and provides examples of several literary devices: similes which use like or as to draw comparisons; metaphors which make implicit comparisons; personification which gives human attributes to non-human things; alliteration which uses repeating consonant sounds; and apostrophe which addresses absent or non-human things as if present. Each term is repeated three times for emphasis and examples are provided to illustrate each device.
This document provides an overview of myths, mythology, and the history and evolution of myths. It discusses theories on how myths originated, including ideas from Euhemerus, philologists, anthropologists, and Emile Durkheim. It also outlines sources of mythology from different cultures like Greece, Egypt, Norse, Slavic, and the Philippines. The document lists writers and stories involving myths and provides brief biographies of some writers. It discusses values and roles of myths as well as types of myth stories. The summary concludes with a high-level overview of the content covered in the document relating to myths, mythology, and stories involving myths from different cultures and time periods.
This document discusses the definition of myths and provides several examples of myths from Greek and Hindu traditions. Myths are stories that may or may not be true and express visions of the human situation. The document outlines myths about Orpheus and his attempt to retrieve his wife Eurydice from the underworld using his powerful music. It also discusses the Greek goddess Demeter who presided over grains and the cycle of life and death, and her daughter Persephone who was abducted by Hades. In Hindu tradition, it summarizes the myth of Rama, the seventh avatar of Vishnu and protagonist of the Ramayana, who fought Ravana to save his wife Sita. The document notes myths are sometimes followed due
Myths, legends, and folktales are forms of storytelling that have been used since the beginning of civilization to explain the world, provide guidance, entertain, and pass down history and knowledge. Myths often involve supernatural elements and aim to explain universal truths, legends usually contain some historical facts mixed with fictional elements, and folktales are stories that are passed down orally from generation to generation with unknown authors. These forms of storytelling serve many purposes such as strengthening communities, teaching morals, explaining natural phenomena, and entertaining audiences before modern forms of media. They can be difficult to distinctly classify as they often overlap.
A fable is a story that features animals, plants, objects, or nature that are given human qualities to illustrate a moral lesson. For example, an ant stored grain for the winter while a cricket did not prepare. When the cricket asked for the ant's grain, the ant refused, questioning why the cricket did not store its own food for winter.
Folk tales, fairy tales and fables powerpointlicht1ab
This document discusses different types of folklore stories - folk tales, fairy tales, and fables. It provides examples of each type, including the folk tale "The Little Red Hen", the fairy tale "The Princess and the Pea", and the fable "The Tortoise and the Hare". Each example identifies the type of story, point of view, and setting. The document also covers common themes, morals, and writing tools used in folklore stories.
This document discusses the rules for forming comparative adjectives in English. Comparative adjectives are used to compare two things or people using "than." For one-syllable adjectives, add "-er"; for two-syllable adjectives ending in "-y," change the "-y" to "-ier"; and for other adjectives with two or more syllables, use "more" plus the adjective. Some adjectives like "good," "bad," and "far" have irregular comparative forms. The document provides examples of applying these rules.
This document discusses comparative and superlative forms of adjectives in 3 sentences:
Comparative adjectives are formed by adding "-er" for short words, doubling the final consonant and adding "-er" for words ending in a vowel+consonant, or changing "y" to "i" and adding "-er" for adjectives ending in "y". Superlative adjectives are formed by adding "the + adjective + -est" for short words, doubling the final consonant and adding "-est" for words ending in a vowel+consonant, or using "the most" for long words. Irregular adjectives have unique forms for comparative and superl
Aesop's fables are stories that use animals to teach moral lessons. The story of "The Lion and the Mouse" tells of a mouse that wakes a sleeping lion, angering the lion. The lion spares the mouse when it promises to repay the favor. Later, hunters capture the lion in a net and the mouse happens upon the lion and gnaws through the ropes, freeing the lion. The lion says to the mouse "Was I not right - even a mouse can help a lion!" implying that even small creatures can help large ones. The moral is that even little friends may prove to be great friends.
The document discusses different approaches to teaching grammar. It presents a framework for teaching grammar that focuses on form, meaning, and use. The framework can help teachers identify learning challenges and make clear decisions about how to teach grammar. Key aspects of the framework include analyzing grammatical structures based on their form, meaning, and appropriate social and linguistic use.
- Greek drama originated from rituals honoring Dionysus, the god of wine and theater, involving choral songs depicting his death and resurrection. Over time, actors were introduced to represent characters.
- Thespis is credited as the first actor, stepping out of the chorus to portray different roles. Aeschylus introduced a second actor, allowing for dialogue and conflict. Sophocles further advanced tragedy with a third actor.
- Tragedies focused on myths and heroes, exploring human suffering, fate, and the will of the gods through drama competitions held as part of the annual Festival of Dionysia in Athens.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Art is a creative expression that stimulates the senses or imagination according to Felicity Hampel. Picasso believed that every child is an artist but growing up can stop that creativity. Aristotle defined art as anything requiring a maker and not being able to create itself.
Definitions, Functions, Nature, Structure of MythologyShin Chan
This document provides definitions and discusses the nature and characteristics of mythology. It defines mythology as sacred narratives that explain the origin of the world and how it came to be in its present form. Myths are often connected to rituals and serve to direct social values. The document discusses different types of myths, including pure myths about gods, sagas/legends which blend history and fiction, and folktales. It also examines the purposes and functions of mythology, such as granting continuity to a culture, presenting guidelines for living, and explaining the unexplainable. Mythology can have metaphysical, cosmological, sociological, and pedagogical functions according to comparative mythologist Joseph Campbell.
Traditional literature refers to stories that were originally passed down orally from generation to generation before being written down. They have no identifiable author and explore universal themes. Common features include simple plots, fast pacing, two-dimensional characters, vague settings, and stock beginning and ending motifs. Traditional literature includes folktales, fables, myths, legends, epics, and religious stories.
Traditional literature refers to ancient stories and poems that were originally passed down orally from generation to generation before being written down. They have no identifiable author, come from oral traditions, and reflect the values of the times and societies in which they originated. Traditional stories include folktales, fables, myths, legends, epics, and religious tales, which all share features like simple plots, stock beginning and endings, and themes of universal truths.
This document discusses folklore, folktales, myths, and mythology. It defines folklore as traditional beliefs, customs, and stories of a culture, including folktales, which are traditional stories passed down orally. Myths are traditional stories that attempt to explain natural phenomena and the origins of the world, often involving supernatural elements like gods and goddesses. The document provides examples of Greek and Roman mythology and discusses the Grimm Brothers and other collectors of folktales. It outlines some key characteristics and types of folktales and myths.
1. Select any two hero myths from the Leeming text of differing .docxambersalomon88660
1. Select any two hero myths from the Leeming text of differing cultural origin, and discuss the significance of each place on family, identity, and origin. How are these three issues reflective of their cultural origins? What parallels are noteworthy regarding values and value systems? Explain.
‘Hero’ is the representative of ordinary humankind in the realm of mythology. I have first looked into a Greek mythology of the heroic story “Herakles” which was known and worshipped also by the Romans. Credits to Walt Disney, he remains one of the most widely recognizable heroes. Herakles was the son of a mortal woman and his success demonstrates ordinary man can also be a hero. Applying the concept from unit 4, Herakles is a great example showing the expected gender norms of a prominent powerful man depiction under Greco-Roman mythological traditions. His adventures serve as one significant component of his heroism that his overt masculinity and charisma have well defined him. As a normative male under this tradition, he possessed numerous wives and consorts and established his identity through individual action prior to marriage, in order words, he values work-ship over family. While on the other hand, there is a striking contrast in value systems when comparing Herakles to the Eastern Myth of the tale of Buddha from India. If we view Buddha as Siddhartha Guatama, the son of Queen Maya, we can consider Buddha as a hero. Apart from his decent identity as a wealthy prince, he was honorable to receive blessings and compliments from the Brahamanas, the highest class of people in the society i.e. priests and claimed him to be the savior of the world. He too, values workship over family, but because of a greater goal to accomplish, and do not possess any consorts nor wives. His mission is to help the poor with a benevolent heart plus does not ask for any returns. The value of his journey is to ennoble the struggles of life. Both of them were considered as heroes as they have earned right for their reputations that their values were affirmed by their achievements and acknowledgement by the crowd.
2. Discuss any hero myth, even one not covered in the Leeming text, represented in graphic novel form. How effective is the medium for communicating these narratives? What advantage does the medium possess? Explain.
I have chosen the graphic based bible to answer this topic that to me, Jesus is a true hero. He is, inevitably, the true God, but if we view him as the son of Joseph and Mary from Bethlehem, we may consider him as a mortal-born hero. Like Campbell’s suggestion of the universality of all heroic stories, these ‘monomyth’ share a template that 8 common characteristics can be found across all cultures. The bible has presented heroism in the following orders: First, parallel to Campbell’s theory: the miraculous conception of Virgin Mary and Jesus taking the form of human to arrive on earth, to the hiding of the Jesus from King Herod. Second, parallel to.
This summary provides an overview of key concepts from Chapter 1 of Classical Mythology by Mark P. O. Morford, Robert J. Lenardon, and Michael Sham. It discusses the challenges of defining myth and differentiates between myth, saga, legend, and folktale. Major approaches to interpreting myth are examined, including psychological, ritualist, structuralist, and feminist perspectives. The relationship between myth and religion, truth, and society is explored. Comparative studies of mythology are discussed as well as the inclusion of themes like homosexuality in classical myths. The summary is over 3 sentences.
Myths are orally transmitted stories that are believed by their originating cultures and attempt to explain phenomena that cannot be easily explained. Myths exist in multiple versions and vary in details between tellings. Scholars from various fields like folklore, anthropology, psychology, and mythology have studied myths to understand the values, beliefs, and fears of cultures as reflected in their myths. Common elements in myths across cultures include explanations of creation, the structure of the universe, life and death, supernatural beings, disasters, heroes and tricksters, the relationship between humans and animals/plants, and concepts of the body, soul, marriage, and social norms.
Myths are orally transmitted stories that are believed by their originating cultures and attempt to explain phenomena that cannot be easily explained. They express the values and beliefs of their cultures. Myths are studied by folklorists, anthropologists, psychoanalysts, and mythologists, with each viewing myths through their own lens. Common elements of myths include symbols, themes of creation, supernatural beings, heroes and tricksters, and explanations of life and death.
This document discusses myths and their purpose and nature. It explains that myths were not meant as falsehoods, but rather as ways for ancient cultures to explain phenomena they did not understand. Myths are oral traditions that can have multiple versions and express the values and beliefs of the culture. The document also examines various scholars' analyses of myths, including viewing them as representations of archetypes, dualisms, and inner desires. It provides examples of themes often found in myths like creation stories and supernatural beings.
The document discusses different types of folklore - ballads, legends, and folktales. It defines each genre and provides examples. Ballads are narrative poems that often retell stories of heroic deeds or recent events, using rhyme and rhythm. Legends are semi-true stories based on real people or events that have taken on symbolic meanings. Folktales are popular stories passed down orally over generations, often anonymously, to teach lessons. The document explores how these genres may differ between cultures and regions.
This document discusses myths and their purpose and nature. It explains that myths were not meant as falsehoods, but rather as ways for ancient cultures to explain phenomena they did not understand. Myths are oral traditions that can have multiple versions and express the values and beliefs of the culture. The document also summarizes several theorists' perspectives on myths, such as seeing them as representing archetypes, dualisms, and latent parts of personality. It provides examples of common myth themes like creation stories and the functions of supernatural beings.
This document discusses myths and their purpose and nature. It explains that myths were not meant as falsehoods, but rather as ways for ancient cultures to explain phenomena they did not understand. Myths are oral traditions that can have multiple versions and express the values and beliefs of the culture. The document also summarizes several theorists' perspectives on myths, such as seeing them as representing archetypes, dualisms, and latent parts of personality. It provides examples of common myth themes like creation stories and the functions of supernatural beings.
This document discusses myths and their purpose and nature. It explains that myths were not meant as falsehoods, but rather as ways for ancient cultures to explain phenomena they did not understand. Myths are oral traditions that can have multiple versions and express the values and beliefs of the culture. The document also summarizes some common themes in myths such as creation stories, heroes/tricksters, and the afterlife. It provides examples of myths like the creation of the Greek gods and titans to illustrate its points about the nature and analysis of myths.
This document provides an overview of fairy tales, including their key features, origins, history, purposes, and ongoing debates. It discusses how fairy tales originated in oral traditions but were later written down and published in collections. While they typically include simplistic plots and stock characters, the definition of a fairy tale remains contested. The document examines controversies over whether fairy tales are folk tales and should be studied academically rather than viewed as children's stories. It also analyzes how different authors and critics have interpreted and retold famous fairy tales like Little Red Riding Hood from various perspectives.
This document provides an overview of traditional literature, including the main categories of folktales, fables, myths, epics, and legends. It describes some common folktale types such as cumulative tales, pourquoi tales, beast tales, and wonder tales. It also discusses typical characteristics of folktales, such as short, simple plot structures with good rewarded and evil punished, flat characters that are either completely good or completely evil, themes that present important cultural values, and common motifs. The study of folklore from different cultures can provide insights into those cultures and show universal qualities of humanity.
This document provides an overview of mythology, including definitions of mythology and myth. It discusses the purposes and nature of myths, comparing myths to legends and folktales. The document outlines several theories about the origins of mythology, such as euphemerism, allegories, and the myth-ritual theory. It then examines the functions of mythology according to scholars like Eliade, Honko, and Campbell. The document provides a historical overview of mythology, outlining pre-modern, 19th century, and 20th century theories. It also briefly discusses comparative mythology and the systematic comparison of myths across cultures.
This document provides an overview of mythology and folklore. It defines mythology as the study of myths, which are symbolic stories that convey fundamental truths of a society. Folklore includes traditional aspects of a culture's way of life and creative expressions. The document discusses different types of myths according to various scholars, including pure myths about the gods, legends/sagas, and folktales. It also outlines theories for how and why myths developed, such as using myths to explain natural phenomena (naturalism) or accompany rituals (ritualism).
This document discusses different types of traditional tales including folktales, fables, myths, legends, and epics. It provides descriptions of common folktale categories like cumulative tales, talking beast tales, and religious tales. Characteristics are outlined for folktales, fables, and myths. Folktales typically have a simple plot structure, one-dimensional characters, and common motifs. Fables are short stories that teach a lesson, often using animal characters. Myths commonly explain natural phenomena or human behavior through stories of gods and heroes. The document also lists some epic stories from different regions in the Philippines.
This document provides an overview of mythology and legends. It defines mythology as traditional stories that express the beliefs of a culture, and notes that all cultures have creation myths. Myths help groups identify themselves and define values. Myths often explain natural phenomena symbolically and teach lessons. Legends are also traditional stories but are set in the more recent past, blend facts with fiction, and usually have human main characters. Both myths and legends can incorporate supernatural elements and serve to convey cultural worldviews.
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2. o Define fables, parables and proverbs.
o Distinguish the difference between them.
o You will learn about different fable collections.
o Know why to use fables
o Define myths
o Learn how myths evolved
o Types of myths
o Why to use them with children and what versions to
use
o Define epics and their characteristics
o Examples of epics
o Why to use traditional lit. with children
o Benefits of its exposure
o How to incorporate their use in class
3. I. FABLES, PARABLES AND PROVERBS:
Proverbs: are simple and concrete sayings
popularly known and repeated, which express a
truth.
Parables: are allegorical stories that teach a basic
truth or religious principle.
Fables: are short tales that use animals or
inanimate objects to teach morals and ethics to
people.
4. Embody universal
truths in a brief form.
Highly intellectual
exercises.
Aim to teach a moral
lesson.
A proverb tells no story
but only presents a bit
of wisdom.
A fable’s characters are
animals while parables’
characters are
humans.
Similarities Differences:
5. FABLE COLLECTIONS:
1. Aesop’s fables:
• is a collection of fables credited to Aesop, a slave
and story-teller believed to have lived in ancient
Greece between 620 and 560 BC.
• He praises peasant virtues such as discretion,
prudence, moderation and forethought.
6. 2. The Panchatantra and the Jatakas:
The Panchatantra is an ancient Indian inter-related
collection of animal fables in verse and prose.
It is for young adults rather than children.
The Jatakas are stories that tell about the previous
lives of the Buddha, in both human and animal
form.
Few of them are suitable for children.
7. 3. The fables of La Fontaine:
Written in verses and prose by the skilled poet La
Fontaine.
Animal characters.
Points to a moral.
8. WHY USE FABLES WITH CHILDREN?
Children are fascinated by animals.
More entertaining.
Teaches them lessons without preaching.
9.
10. II. MYTHS:
It is a story with a purpose.
Try to explain the vital outlines of existence through
symbolism. Ex: cosmic phenomena.
Try to simplify painful realities( disease, death…)
Are irrational.
Main characters are gods and goddesses.
11. A. EVOLUTION OF MYTHS:
Give body to forces in the
universe which surpassed
humanity in beauty and wisdom.
The gods they imagined were
brothers and sisters with
supernatural powers.
A god’s power turned to a
symbolic figure or a moral
attribute.
Formation of temples and rituals
of worship.
12. B. TYPES OF MYTHS:
Pourquoi
tales
Nature
Myths
Afterlife
Myths
Prestige
Myths
13. C. SOURCES OF MYTHOLOGIES:
1. Greek myths: written by the poet Hesiod who
was told by the Muses to write them.
14. 2. Roman myths: which are written by the poet Ovid.
It included tales of transformations ex. Humans to
gods or Caesar into a star.
15. 3. Norse myths: first written down in Iceland. Well
known collections include poetic Edda and prose
Edda.
16.
17. D. WHY USE MYTHS WITH CHILDREN?
Enchanting.
Provoke their imagination.
FUN.
18. E. WHAT VERSIONS OF MYTHS TO USE?
6 to 7 year-olds should read shallow versions of the
stories.
9 to 14 year-olds can enjoy the rich versions.
Adaptations should be simple and comprehensible
without sacrificing their richness.
a. The Heroes by Charles Kingsley.
b. Mythology by Edith Hamilton.
c. Children of Odin by Padraic Colum.
19. III. EPICS: DEFINITION AND
CHARACTERISTICS.
Definition: They are tales of humans fighting the
gods and accomplishing memorable feats.
Characteristics:
Written inverse or prose.
The hero is a human not a god.
Characters embody moral attributes and
qualities.(courage, chivalry, justice..)
23. IV. WHY USE TRADITIONAL LITERATURE
WITH CHILDREN:
Entertaining
Rich heritage of a story
Introduction to other cultures
Kindles imagination
Provides moral models( good and evil)
24. V. BENEFITS OF EXPOSURE TO
TRADITIONAL LITERATURE:
Increased awareness of the literary options
available.
Relate experiences in fantasy worlds to human
conditions.
Ability to encounter historical and folk heroes from a
particular culture.
Can observe the consequences of acceptable and
unacceptable behaviors.
25. VI. HOW TO INCORPORATE THE USE OF MYTHS
OR EPICS IN CLASS:
1. Photocopy the selected myth for the ss.
2. Work in pairs or groups.
3. Use question cards including different language
arts domains.
4. Take scores to boost competition.
5. Do speaking activities through acting exercises.
6. Retell a myth as a listening activity.
7. Introduce a grammar lesson and solve activities.
8. Describe a character as a writing activity.
26. EXTRA:
Start a book club or English club at school.
Use library classes.
Use theatre classes.
Use art classes.