The document discusses explosion welding, which uses a controlled detonation to join dissimilar metals at high velocity. It has advantages over conventional welding like minimizing heat-affected zones and melting. The process involves detonating an explosive between a base component and cladding metal, using a flyer plate and anvil. Parameters like explosive type and thickness affect the detonation velocity. Explosion welding has applications in various industries for tasks like pipe welding. A brief history is also provided.

1. EXPLOSION WELDING
Group Member:
Yoddy A. Nuhgraha, 23711301
Roy Faizal, 23711007
Ethys Pranoto, 23111024
22/01/2013 1

2. WARNING
• These slides have not been extensively proof-read,
and therefore may contain errors.
• If you note a mistake or a missing citation, please let
us know and we will correct it.
• We hope to add commentary in the notes section of
these slides, offering additional details. However,
these notes are incomplete so far.
22/01/2013 2

3. DEFINITION
Explosion welding is a solid-
state process that produces a
high velocity interaction of
dissimilar metals by a
controlled detonation
22/01/2013 3

4. ADVANTAGES
• No heat-affected zone (HAZ)
• Only minor melting
• Material melting temperatures and
coefficients of thermal expansion
differences do not affect the final product
• The shock front compresses and heats the
explosive material which exceeds the
sonic velocity of undetonated explosives
22/01/2013 4

5. COMPONENTS TERMINOLOGY
• Base component
• Cladding metal
• Flyer plate
• Interlayer
• Anvil
• Standoff
• Bond Window
• Bonding Operation
22/01/2013 5

6. PROCESS
22/01/2013 6

7. 22/01/2013 ‹#›

8. PROCESS
22/01/2013 8

9. PROCESS
22/01/2013 9

10. EXPLOSIVE MATERIAL
• High velocity (14750-25000 ft/s)
– Trinitrotoluene (TNT)
– Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX)
– Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate (PETN)
• Mid-low velocity (4900-47500 ft/s)
– Ammonium nitrate
– Ammonium perchlorate
– Amatol
22/01/2013 10

11. DETONATION TYPES
– Shock wave develops if sonic velocity is greater than 120%
of material sonic velocity (type 1)
– Detached shock wave results when detonation velocity is
between 100% and 120% of material sonic velocity (type 2)
– No shock wave is produced if detonation velocity is less
than material sonic velocity (type 3)
Type 1 Type 2 Type 3
22/01/2013 11

12. WELDING PARAMETER
• Detonation velocity is a function of
–Explosive type
–Composition of explosive
–Thickness of explosive layer
22/01/2013 12

13. APPLICATION
22/01/2013 13

14. APPLICATION
• Can weld large areas of metal
• Can weld inside and outside surfaces
of pipes
• Transition joints can be made
22/01/2013 14

15. APPLICATION
• Chemical Processing • Power Generation
• Petroleum Refining • Cryogenic Processing
• Hydrometallurgy • Pulp & Paper
• Aluminum Smelting • Air conditioning &
• Shipbuilding Chillers
• Electrochemical • Metal Production
• Oil & Gas
22/01/2013 15

16. APPLICATION
22/01/2013 16

17. APPLICATION
22/01/2013 17

18. APPLICATION
22/01/2013 18

19. APPLICATION
3” Diameter AI/SS Ring Copper/Stainless 12” UHV Assembly
22/01/2013 19

20. HISTORY
• Arnold Holtzman and a team at DuPont in Delaware put a lot
of research into developing the process.
• Holtzman filed for a US patent in 1962 for explosion welding,
received the patent in 1964 and began commercial production
of bi-metallic explosion welded clad in 1965.
• Detaclad licensed the process and was bought by Dynamic
Materials Corporation (DMC).
• Other companies have merged with DMC and acquired the
current name DMC Groupe SNPE making them a worldwide
company.
22/01/2013 20

21. References
• Keith Powell, Michael Fernandez, Staton Burrell,
“Explosion Welding” the slide, University of South
Carolina
• Brigitte Blechinger, ‘’Clad Pipe’’, Butting.
• Ulrich Kruger, ‘’Talat Lecture 4400’’, TALAT.
• G. Young, ‘’Explosion Welding, Technical Growth &
Commercial History’’, Dynamic Materials Corporation,
USA.
• Henry Tan, ‘’Explosive Welding ’’.
• ASM Metals Handbook, Vol 06 “Welding, Brazing, and
Soldering”
• David Cutter, “What You Can Do With Explosion
Welding”, Welding Journal.
22/01/2013 21