This ppt includes different types of strain gauges which are used for pressure, temperature, force, acceleration etc measurement.
All types of strain gauges are included. Also temperature compensation is also explained.
The basics of instrumentations and its working principles are discussed. The basics op-amp and its use as an instrumentation amplifier and also its applications are discussed.
This ppt includes different types of strain gauges which are used for pressure, temperature, force, acceleration etc measurement.
All types of strain gauges are included. Also temperature compensation is also explained.
The basics of instrumentations and its working principles are discussed. The basics op-amp and its use as an instrumentation amplifier and also its applications are discussed.
JISC Legal Service Manager Jason Miles-Campbell's presentation on 'IPR and OER: Legal Lessons Learned' from the UKOER Showcase on 23 July 2010. For more information, please go to: www.jisclegal.ac.uk.
my slideshare consist of various activities that can easily understand by the pupils and also videos which can be visualize and guide pupils how to do the hands on activity.
Experiment #1 in Instrumentation And Dynamic Systems Lab : Calibration Osaid Qasim
Calibration experiment :
1- Calibrate analog multimeter using digital multimeter in DC scale.
2- Calibrate analog multimeter using digital multimeter in AC scale.
3-Calibrate the positive gauge pressure using dead weight calibrator
4- Calibrate negative gauge pressure by using a U manometer
An introductory slide on the topics of measurement and control. This elementary topics act as the gateway to advanced concepts of automation, instrumentation and programming production lines.
nstrumentation is the art of science of measurement and control. It is an applied
science that deals with analysis and design of systems for measurement purposes such as
quantify or expressing a variable numerically, determine or ascertain the value
(magnitude) of some particular phenomena, indicate record, register, signal, or perform
some operation on the value it has determined. Measurement is the process of quantifying
input quantity.
The role of measurement in ones country development particularly in the
advancement of science and technology is huge; this is because of the need or eagerness
for understanding of events or physical phenomenon.
THE PRESSURE SIGNAL CALIBRATION TECHNOLOGY OF THE COMPREHENSIVE TEST SYSTEMieijjournal1
The pressure signal calibration technology of the comprehensive test system which involved pressure
sensors was studied in this paper. The melioration of pressure signal calibration methods was elaborated.
Compared with the calibration methods in the lab and after analyzing the relevant problems,the
calibration technology online was achieved. The test datum and reasons of measuring error analyzed,the
uncertainty evaluation was given and then this calibration method was proved to be feasible and accurate.
THE PRESSURE SIGNAL CALIBRATION TECHNOLOGY OF THE COMPREHENSIVE TEST SYSTEMieijjournal
The pressure signal calibration technology of the comprehensive test system which involved pressure
sensors was studied in this paper. The melioration of pressure signal calibration methods was elaborated.
Compared with the calibration methods in the lab and after analyzing the relevant problems,the
calibration technology online was achieved. The test datum and reasons of measuring error analyzed,the
uncertainty evaluation was given and then this calibration method was proved to be feasible and accurate.
THE PRESSURE SIGNAL CALIBRATION TECHNOLOGY OF THE COMPREHENSIVE TEST SYSTEMieijjournal
The pressure signal calibration technology of the comprehensive test system which involved pressure
sensors was studied in this paper. The melioration of pressure signal calibration methods was elaborated.
Compared with the calibration methods in the lab and after analyzing the relevant problems,the
calibration technology online was achieved. The test datum and reasons of measuring error analyzed,the
uncertainty evaluation was given and then this calibration method was proved to be feasible and accurate.
Multiple Sensors Soft-Failure Diagnosis Based on Kalman Filtersipij
Sensor is the necessary components of the engine control system. Therefore, more and more work must do for improving sensors reliability. Soft failures are small bias errors or drift errors that accumulate relatively slowly with time in the sensed values that it must be detected because of it can be very easy to be mistaken for the results of noise. Simultaneous multiple sensors failures are rare events and must be considered. In order to solve this problem, a revised multiple-failure-hypothesis based testing is investigated. This approach uses multiple Kalman filters, and each of Kalman filter is designed based on a specific hypothesis for detecting specific sensors fault, and then uses Weighted Sum of Squared Residual (WSSR) to deal with Kalman filter residuals, and residual signals are compared with threshold in order to make fault detection decisions. The simulation results show that the proposed method can be used to detect multiple sensors soft failures fast and accurately.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
1. Jordan University of Science and Technology
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Instrumentation and Dynamic Systems Lab
Experiment #1: Calibration
2. Introduction:
Instrumentsystemscanbe classifiedmainlyinto Mechanical andElectrical systems.The
formerisrarelyused,simple,andlessaccurate whilethe latteriswidelyused,more
accurate and give digital outputsignals.These instrumentsare probable tohave errorsor
become lessaccurate as a resultof continuoususage whichcausesthe partsto wearor be
fatigued,thustheymustbe periodicallycheckedandfixedtokeepwithinan acceptedrange
and to inhibiterroraccumulation. Zero-offset,range errorandreadingdeviationare three
commonerrors thatoccur to instrumentdevices,calibrationisamajor processtotake care
of these typesof errors.It’sa processof comparingthe readingsof a specificinstrument
witheitherastandardor a more accurate device. Inthisexperimentthree differentsystems
are calibratednamely;negativepressure,deadweighttesterandvoltmetersystems.
Hysteresisphenomenonisthe deviationinreadingswhenmeasurementsare taken
increasinglyandthendecreasingly,itshouldbe givenagreatimportance because many
explanationscanbe executedusingthisphenomenon,suchasthe lossof energyinthe
magneticcurve.
Equipments and instruments:
1- Negative Pressure System:
A vacuumcompressorlike
the one usedina
refrigeratorisusedandis
attachedto a mercury
manometerbya valve to
control the vacuum
pressure,apressure gage
ismountedonthe valve
suctionto measure the
negative pressure value
and compare itsreadings
withthe manometersoitcan be calibrated.
2- Dead weighttester system:
In thissystemapistonisconfinedinsidea
chamberfilledof oil andconnectedtoa
pressure gage tomeasure the oil pressure
inside. Accuratelymeasuredweights are put
above the pistontoapplya pressure inside the
oil whichismeasuredbythe gage.The two
valuesare comparedandthe pressure gage is
calibrated.
3- Voltmeter:
Analogmeters(mechanical) anddigital meters
(electrical)are usedtomeasure bothDC andAC signalsbutwithlattertype being
more accurate, soa multimeterisusedtocalibrate ananalogmeter.A DC power
supplyisusedto give a DC signal while the ACsignal isgeneratedusingafunction
generator.
3. AC FunctionGenerator DC PowerSupply
Data Analysis:
1- Negative Pressure
Table 1: Actual and gage readings of the
mercury level in the manometer versus the
corresponding gage level increasingly.
Table 2: Actual and gage readings of the
mercury level in the manometer versus the
corresponding gage level decreasingly.
2- Dead Weight (Positive Pressure)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 10 20 30 40
GagePressure(cm)
Manometer Pressure (cm)
Figure 1: Hysteresis in Negative Pressure System
Incrasingly Decreasingly
Actual
Manometer (cm)
Gage reading(cm)
Pressure Gage
Actual
Manometer (cm)
Gage reading
Pressure Gage (cm)
3 4 30 31
6 7 27 28
9 10 24 25
12 14 21 23
15 16 18 19
18 20 15 16
21 23 12 14
24 26 9 9
27 28 6 4
30 31 3 1
Actual Weights
(psi)
Gage Dial (psi) Actual Weights
(psi)
Gage Dial (psi)
20 22 200 181
40 37 180 172
60 55 160 155
4. 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100 150 200 250
GageDial(psi)
Actual Weight (psi)
Figure 2: Hysteresis in Positive Pressure System
Decreasingly Increasingly
80 73 140 132
100 90 120 112
120 112 100 95
140 131 80 72
160 150 60 58
180 172 40 40
200 181 20 22
Table 3: Actual and gage pressure
readings of the dead weight instrument
increasingly.
Table 4: Actual and gage pressure
readings of the dead weight instrument
decreasingly
3- Voltmeter
DC Scale
Actual Digital
(volt)
Gage Analog (volt)
1 0.95
2 1.93
3 2.92
4 3.90
5 4.93
6 5.96
7 6.91
8 7.91
9 8.99
10 9.94
Table 5: Actual and gage readings of
the DC analog & digital meter
increasingly.
Error = |
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 −𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
| ∗
5. 100%
= |
4−3.9
4
| ∗ 100%
= 2.5%
AC Scale:
Actual Digital
(volt)
Gage Analog (volt)
1 0.89
2 1.84
3 2.79
4 3.84
5 4.83
6 5.85
7 6.87
8 7.8
9 ــــــ
10 ــــــ
Table 6: Actual and gage readings of
the DC analog & digital meters
decreasingly.
Error = |
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 −𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
| ∗ 100%
= |
3−2.79
3
| ∗ 100%
= 7%
6. Discussionof Results:
1- Negative Pressure System:
Tables1 and 2 showthat there are differencesbetweenthe valuesof vacuumpressure
measuredbythe gage and the manometer.The gage resultsina large percentage errorat low
pressure valuesanditfallsasthe vacuumpressure isincreased.Thusthe pressure gage should
be calibratedtogive more accurate data.
Hysteresisiswell illustratedinfigure 1,whichshowsthatthe two loadingcurvesaren’tmatched
completely.Thisphenomenonshouldbe studiedcarefullybecausemanyexplanationscanbe
executeduponit.
2- Positive Pressure System(Dead WeightTester):
Comparingthe measuredvaluesbythe pressure gage withthe weightsshowsthatthere are
deviationsinthe gage readingsthanthe actual values asshownintables3 and 4 . The gage
needstobe calibratedbecause the errorvaluesare highandreaches10% percentage error.
As previouslynoticedinthe firstpart,bychangingthe loadingscheme hysteresisisrecordedas
illustratedinfigure2.
3- Voltmeter:
Tables5 and 6 showsthe measuredvoltage difference bythe analogvoltmetercomparedtothe
digital meter.The analogmeterhasa zero-offsetandneedtobe calibratedalso.Itproduces
largererrors whenACsignals are measuredreachingapercentage errorvalue of 7% whichisn’t
acceptedforengineeringpurposes,thusitshouldbe fixedorreplaced.
Conclusions:
1- Calibration could be performed by either a standard device or a more accurate
one.
2- Hysteresis is an important phenomenon that an engineer should study carefully
and use it in making explinations.
3- The pressure gages in parts 1 and 2 should be calibrated.
4- The analog ammeter in part 3 should be fixed or replaced.