3. Business Drivers Behind Backup
What keeps our customers awake at night…
• Data loss exposure
- ESG estimates that 1 in 7 (14%) backups and 1 in 6 (17%)
restores fail.*
• Meeting SLA’s
- Shrinking backup windows; slow recovery processes
• Reducing costs
- Reducing both CAPEX & OPEX while improving staff efficiency
• Complexity
- Complexity of BU&R process and the storage environment
• Data growth
- Compounding year over year
*Enterprise Strategy Group 2008
4. Fundamental Data Protection
Rule of 3
“3 Copies of the Data on 2 different
medias with 1 offsite”
• 1st Line of Defense (Applications, Systems)
– Typically data deletion, logical corruption or a virus
– Look at the RPO. The majority of critical application recovery is likely to
come from the snapshot on the same tier of storage
• 2nd Line of Defense (Building, Site, Region)
– HW failure & Disaster Recovery - failover to a remote site
– Circumstances will dictate whether it should be disk and/or tape
– Remote disk mirroring provides a physical copy of the data, but does not
provide logical data protection (it replicates corruption immediately!)
• Last Line of Defense – TAPE!
– The last chance to avoid permanent data loss
– Data preservation much more important than recovery time
5. Fundamental Backup and Recovery
Wks Days Hrs Mins Secs Secs Mins Hrs Days Wks
Data Loss Downtime
(Recovery Point Objective) (Recovery Time Objective)
6. Flashback Database
Fast point-in-time recovery strategy
Database
Eliminate the need to restore a whole
Instance database backup
Continuous data protection for database
Write
Optimized, before-change block logging
Restores just changed blocks
New Old Replay log to restore DB to desired time
Block Block
It‟s fast - recover in minutes, not hours
Version Version
It‟s easy - single command restore
Flashback Database to „2:05 PM‟`
Data Files Flashback
Log
“Rewind” button for the Database
7. Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN)
Oracle-integrated Backup & Recovery Engine
• Intimate knowledge of database file
Oracle Enterprise
Manager
formats and recovery procedures
• Manages and automates the
backup, restore, and recovery
policies and process
Oracle • Catalog all backup and recovery
RMAN Secure activities
Backup
• Operates online and in parallel for
fast processing
• Corrupt block detection during
backup and restore with the ability
Tape Drives to validate backups
Fast Recovery
Area • Integrated with Enterprise
Database Manager, Oracle Secure Backup,
and third party backup products
8. Oracle Secure Backup (OSB) Enterprise
Tape Backup Management
Oracle Protects Entire IT
Enterprise
Manager Environment
• Built-in Oracle Integration
Oracle Secure Backup • 25 – 40% faster than
Oracle Database
File System Data
leading competition
RMAN Integration
• 4X less expensive than
comparable products
Tape Virtual • Supports Oracle
Library Tape
Library Database 11g through
Oracle 9i
11. Backup Options for Exadata
Customer choice depending upon objectives & budget
Exadata Backup (Fastest)
• RTO: Immediate
• RPO: Lossless
• Fastest option using Inifiniband to another Exadata machine
ZFS Storage Appliance Backup (Most
Flexible)
• RTO: Next to Immediate
• RPO: Last transaction
• Multiple network connectivity & data service options
Tape Backup (Most Economical)
• RTO: Hours
• RPO: Last Transaction Backup
• Best economics on cost/GB and offers removable offsite
capability
12. Exa-Backup with Exadata
Using additional Storage Cells - Highest Performance
Oracle Exadata Oracle Exadata
Database Machine Storage Cells
• Requirements for immediate data
restore capabilities and reduced
backup windows
• Primarily data protection against
InfiniBand user/logical errors (Flashback)
Network
• Allocate additional 2TB HDD
Exadata Storage Servers for a
dedicated Fast Recovery Area
Quarter* Half* Full**
Backup 8.5 18.5 27.0 • Additional Exadata Storage Servers
Rate TB/hr TB/hr TB/hr must be installed in another rack
Restore 18.0 28.5 28.5 • External backup still recommended
Rate TB/hr TB/hr TB/hr
FC
* Full Exadata Rack to a Quarter, Half Storage Expansion Rack
** Estimated rate Full Exadata to Full Storage Expansion Rack
13. Exa-Backup and ZFS Storage Appliance
Most Flexible
Oracle Exadata Sun ZFS Storage • Various Connectivity Options
Database Machine Appliance
- 1 GigE, 10 GigE, IB!!
RMAN • ZFS works with RMAN to secure
against data corruption
- RMAN ensures that backups are not
corrupt, ZFS ensures they stay that way
IB / 10Gig E • Enables ZFS Snapshot and RMAN
Network
incremental backup strategy
• Leveraging ZFS Storage data
services and capabilities
Image Incremental - Thin provisioning
Copies Backups* - Compression
- Snapshot and cloning
Backup Rate 6.5 TB/hr 42.0 TB/hr - Replication
Restore Rate 6.2 TB/hr 7.0 TB/hr - Performance Analytics
*Effective Rate = Rate * Change Rate
Backup = 8.5 TB/hr * 20% Change = 42 TB/hr
14. Exa-Backup to Tape
Most Economical Backup Option
• High efficiency Exadata
protection
Oracle Exadata StorageTek
Database Machine • Scalable – capacity and Tape Library
performance
• Simplified data recovery
Oracle Secure 6 x LTO4 6 x LTO5
IB / 10Gb E
Backup (OSB) FC / SAS
Network
Backup Rate 4.7 Network
TB/hr 5.7 TB/hr
Restore Rate 4.8 TB/hr 5.7 TB/hr
SL3000 up to 24 drive base (up to 56 drives with expansion for LTO or Enterprise T10K and 200 to over 5000 slots)
SL8500 up to 64 drive base (up to 640 drives LTO or Enterprise T10K drives and from 1500 to over 100,000 slots)
15. Exadata Backup
Putting it all together
Oracle Exadata Oracle Exadata ZFS Storage OSB or other, 3rd StorageTek
Database Machine Storage Cells Appliance Party, Backup Tape Storage
Admin.
RMAN
Backups
Backup
Area
16. Some performance numbers
Disk and Tape
• Exadata for the most demanding RPO/RTO
– Backup up to 18TB/hr (full rack), 20-50TB/hr for incrementals
– Restore 18-24 TB/hr (full rack)
• ZFS Storage Appliance Beats NetApp and EMC Data
Domain!
– Over 3x the backup throughput of NetApp
– Up to 1.3x the restore throughput of NetApp
– Over 3x the backup throughput of Data Domain
– Over 3x the restore throughput of Data Domain
• T10000C and Oracle Storagetek Libraries beat IBM !
– T1000C 25% greater capacity, 33% lower TCO, and 50% less
floor space
16
17. Backup and Restore for Exadata
Value Proposition
Speed: Complete backups within shorter windows
Faster backup and recovery (flashback and incremental forever RMAN strategy)
Speedy Implementation
Leverages Exadata's internal IB network for extreme performance
Already tested, validated and supported by Oracle
Simplicity: Avoiding complexity
• No third party SW backup to manage required for disk backup
• Preserves incremental backups optimizing Database and network performance
• ZFS Storage Appliance 30% easier to manage than third party vendors
Savings: Reduced Capex and Opex
• Simple architecture reduces costs
• No backup and recovery license fees and no media server for disk-based backup
• Storage hierarchy that balances cost and performance
• T1000C 25% greater capacity, 33% lower TCO, and 50% less floor space
18. Who better than Oracle to protect Oracle
Three different ways to protect Exadata
Exadata Backup
(Fastest)
Immediate Restore
ZFS Storage Appliance Backup
(Most Flexible)
Easier integration
Tape Backup
(Most Economical)
Oracle/StorageTek is #1 in tape
19.
20.
21. Exa-Backup and ZFS Storage Appliance
Most Flexible
Database Backups
Level 0 IMAGE
backup
Day 1
Level 1 incremental
backup
Day 2
Day 3
Pros Cons
Faster recovery from up-to-date image copy Can not recover data older than 24 hours
Less data to backup = shortened backup
windows
22. Exa-Backup and ZFS Storage Appliance
Leveraging the ZFS Storage Appliance’s SnapShot
Database Backups
Level 0 IMAGE
backup
Day 1
Level 1
incremental
backup Day 2
SnapShot
Day 3
Editor's Notes
Value of DataThe Business value of data is rarely understoodRecovery Point ObjectiveTolerance for data loss (sec’s, hours, days); determines frequency of backupsRecovery Time ObjectiveThe shorter the Recovery Time Objective (RTO) the quicker you get back to businessBackup WindowStatic, but needing to accommodate an ever increasing amount of data
There are several options for backing up Exadata. These are not “either or” recommendations. The following architectures may be combined in several ways to best address the customers RPO (Recovery Point Objective)/RTO (Recovery Time Objective) and budget.
Summary of each supported backup option with benefits of each. (FYI Exadata to tape is a MAA architecture, Exadata to ZFS Storage Appliance is Optimised Solution)ZFS Storage Appliance data service options = compression, deduplication, snapshots, clones, mirroring etc.
Here we see the RMAN backup up to the ZFS storage appliance which is part of the listed Oracle Optimized Solutions listed. By leveraging the 7000’s snapshot technology allows you snapshot your full backup, run and incremental, then apply the changed block to the full – this basically rolls forward you full backups each night. But with the snap shots you have also stored as many previous full backups as desired. Remember the 7000 snap shots only copy pointers not actual data. So each night only the incremental new/change blocks are stored.Also leverage compression from either RMAN (11g) or within the 7000. Additionally customers can take advantage of deduplication (if it fits) and data replication. OSB can then offload data to tape for long term secure (encrypted) storage.
The following architecture is covered in an Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture White Paper.The Sun Oracle Database Machine Fast Recovery Area internal in DB Machine – this is where RMAN will backup to disk, Oracle Secure Backup is use to backup to tape. Solutions offers very high performance backups and recovery from both disk and tape.Easily scalable
Here we see the RMAN backup up to the ZFS storage appliance which is part of the listed Oracle Optimized Solutions listed. By leveraging the 7000’s snapshot technology allows you snapshot your full backup, run and incremental, then apply the changed block to the full – this basically rolls forward you full backups each night. But with the snap shots you have also stored as many previous full backups as desired. Remember the 7000 snap shots only copy pointers not actual data. So each night only the incremental new/change blocks are stored.Also leverage compression from either RMAN (11g) or within the 7000. Additionally customers can take advantage of deduplication (if it fits) and data replication. OSB can then offload data to tape for long term secure (encrypted) storage. Data movement to TapeRMAN Archive to tape – managed and tracked by RMANNDMP direct to FC tape – no database server resourcesThird Party backup server – reading snapshot and write to tape
Summary of each supported backup option with benefits of each. (FYI Exadata to tape is a MAA architecture, Exadata to ZFS Storage Appliance is Optimised Solution)ZFS Storage Appliance data service options = compression, deduplication, snapshots, clones, mirroring etc.
Let take a look at an example where we can leverage these data services.Here’s an example that looks at the Oracle RMAN suggested backup strategy. First we take a level 0 (or Full) Image copy backup on day 1. Next day a level 1 image copy backup is taken – so I have a full and an Incremental. The next day I take another Level 1 incremental and roll the previous incremental into the Full, thus updating the concurrency of the Full backupPros for this method are: - faster recoveries and shorter backup windows – but there are 2 major drawbacks. 1, You can’t recover the data base beyond 24 hours. With the Roll forward of the full backup – older versions of the DB no longer exist. Secondly the strategy uses Image Copy backups which are byte for byte copies of the data files, which means you can’t take advantage of RMANs compression capability as you can with Backup sets.
So let’s take a little different approach and exploit the ZFS Storage Appliance’s snapshot capability.First day we have the Level 0 image copy backup. Day 2 we take the incremental backup – no changes so far. On the next day we’ll take a snapshot of the day 1’s Level 0 and Level1 backup, then run the nightly level 1 incremental backup and do the normal roll forward of the full. Continuing to do this I will have as many FULL and incremental image backups to recover from as the customer deem necessary.
