Ews housing (2)

Study & Recommendations
For
EWS housing
under
JnNURM scheme
At
Jahangirpura, Surat

B Arch – V Sem – lX Faculty of Architecture , S.C.E.T. , Surat.
Housing And Community Planning
Aim:
•Critical study of an existing JnNURM EWS housing scheme and identifying issues not considered for the same.
•Attempt to develop a design for the same which features sentivity to the issues related and cost effective housing through
repeatation of module in other similar construction.
Scope of Work:
•The design of housing units on the relocated slums.
•Intervention of humane factors which affect the ambience of a housing society by considering health factors, community
participation, interaction and child related spaces in the design.
•The consideration of the unit design to act as a module of reference which under slight modifications can be used to
help in cost and speed for other city related housing projects.
•Immediate contextual inferences that are preferable for a housing society.
•Services and Circulation considering built and unbuilt spaces.
•Categorisation of people within a housing society.
•Street Patterns.

Index:
1) Introduction
1.a) JnNURM
1.b) Framework for JnNURM
1.c) Guidelines for housing
1.d) JnNURM at Surat
1.e) EWS scenario in Surat
2) EWS housing
2.a) EWS proposals in Surat
2.b) EWS Housing proposals
2.c) EWS guidelines for housing
3) Literature Case Study
3.a) Case Study of “Aranya” low cost housing
3.b) Case Study of Bhopal Devlopment Authority (BDA)
4) Case Study
4.a) Location
4.b) Neighbourhood & Connectivity
4.c) Services & Infrastructure
4.d) Unit Plan
4.e) Elevation/Section
4.f) Multiple Use of Space
4.g) Population, occupation survey
4.h) Inferences
5) Design Option
5.a) Conceptual Idea
5.b) Layout plan
5.c) Unit plan
5.d) Sectional Details
5.e) Space usage diagrams
5.f) Study of building materials
5.g) Cost Analysis
6) Conclusion

A design option
JnNURM Guidelines
1. Need for Sub-Mission on Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP) under Jawahar Lal Nehru National Urban Renewal
Mission (JNNURM)
• Rising urban growth has given rise to growth of urban poor.
• Growth of urban poor causes tremendous pressure on urban basic services and infrastructure.
• Urbanization policy/strategy to implement projects in selected cities on mission mode.
2. Mission Statement
• Reforms driven, fast track, planned development of identified cities.
• Focus on efficiency in urban infrastructure/services delivery mechanism, community participation and accountability of Urban
Local Bodies (ULBs) towards citizens.
3. Mission Strategy
• Planned urban perspective frameworks for a period of 20-25 years (with 5 yearly updates) indicating policies, programmes and
strategies of meeting fund requirements would be prepared by every identified city.
• This perspective plan would be followed by preparation of Development Plans integrating land use with services, urban transport
and environment management for every five year plan period. In this context, a City Development Plan (CDP) would be required
before the city can access Mission funds.
• Cities will be required to prepare Detailed Project Reports for undertaking projects under identified areas.
• Private Sector Participation in development, management and financing of Urban Infrastructure would be clearly delineated.
• Funds for identified cities would be released to the designated State Nodal Agency, which in turn would leverage additional
resources from the State Govt, their own funds, funds of implementing agencies and funds from the financial institutions/ private
sector/capital market and External Aid. A revolving fund would be created to take care of operation and maintenance of various
assets created under the Mission.

4. Mission Objectives
• Focused attention to integrated development of Basic Services to the Urban Poor in the cities covered under the Mission.
• Provision of Basic Services to Urban Poor including security of tenure at affordable prices, improved housing, water supply,
sanitation and ensuring delivery through convergence of other already existing universal services of the Government for education,
health and social security. Care will be taken to see that the urban poor are provided housing near their place of occupation.
• Secure effective linkages between asset creation and asset management so that the Basic Services to the Urban Poor created in
the cities, are not only maintained efficiently but also become self-sustaining over time.
• Ensure adequate investment of funds to fulfill deficiencies in the Basic Services to the Urban Poor and Scale up delivery of civic
amenities and provision of utilities with emphasis on universal access to urban poor.
7. Mission Components
The sub-Mission on Basic Services to the Urban Poor will cover the following:-
(a) Admissible components:-
i.Integrated development of slums, i.e., housing and development of infrastructure projects in the slums in the identified cities.
ii. Projects involving development/improvement/maintenance of basic services to the urban poor.
iii. Slum improvement and rehabilitation projects.
iv. Projects on water supply/sewerage/drainage, community toilets/baths, etc.
v. Houses at affordable costs for slum dwellers/ urban poor/EWS/LIG categories.
vi. Construction and improvements of drains/storm water drains.
vii. Environmental improvement of slums and solid waste management.
viii. Street lighting.
ix. Civic amenities, like, community halls, child care centers, etc.
x. Operation and maintenance of assets created under this component.
xi. Convergence of health, education and social security schemes for the urban poor

(b) Inadmissible Components:-
Projects pertaining to the following will not be considered :
i) Power
ii) Telecom
iii) Wage employment programme & staff component
iv) Creation of fresh employment opportunities
EWS Housing standards
• Ground + three R.C.C framed structure
• Four dwelling units on each floor
• Total built-up area of single D.U. is 25 Sq.m (300 sq ft)
• single living room, kitchen, multifunctional room, W.C., washing place and balcony.
• The land cost is not considered as part of total project cost.
• 1,49,596 sq.mt. of land has been covered for 23 sites. The average housing density is 453 D.U.s./Hector (i.e.2265 PPH).
• Basic infrastructure like water supply, drainage, pucca roads and street lights are also provided by Surat Municipal
corporation.
The construction cost of the single dwelling unit was Rs.58, 000/- for the project prior to 26 Jan, 2001. While for the post earthquake
projects, the building design was revised and the construction of single dwelling unit rise to Rs.68, 000/-. Rs. 5,000 per D.U subsidy
is provided by the Government.
These units are sold to these poor people at a very minimal cost at a negligible down payments with beneficial monetary schemes.
These flats costs around Rs.25,000 – Rs.30,000 each or are taken with instalments of Rs.500 per month.

SURAT JNNRUM EWS HOUSING
• There has been lot of migration of slum due to growth in industrial and commercial sectors.
• Scope of employment in trade and business activities, hawking, retailing, carting and other such possibilities have attracted
rural poor to the city.
• There are a total of 312 slums in the city of Surat in which 19.24 percent of the total population the city lives. This figure was
27.5 percent of the city’s population during 1992.
• Slum has decreased due to the effective implementation of various slum re-location and development programmes after the
havoc of the plague in 1994.
• The slums where then bifurcated zone wise where 64% of public land has been encroached upon by slums in the city, with 44
and 20 percent respectively belonging to the corporation and to the government.
• The south zone, followed by the east continues to house the maximum number of slums as well as the maximum slum
population of the city.
• The west and south-west zones have about 20 and 17 percent of their respective populations residing in slums.

Status of Land of Slum settlements:
URBAN POVERTY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE:
• With the growth of the city economic activities it has attracted 80% slum migrants from within Gujarat,Maharashtra, Uttar pradesh,
Bihar, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Naidu, Kerala, etc.
• Accordingly, there has been a shift in them monthly income range of slum households between 1994 and 2001. The households in
the income range below Rs 1000 have improved their status marginally while the new households that were added after 1995 remain
in the lower income ranges.
•Slum locations have been determined mainly
by nearness to work sites and availability of
patches of land along the roads and rail
tracks, adjacent to factory walls, low lying
areas and canal banks and slums before 1994
were high , congested and unhygenic.
Of the 312 slums in the city, 124 are within and around the city wall and another 85 are along transport corridors. A significant
number (51) of slums exist in the interior areas of the wards.

HOUSING CONDITION AND BASIC AMENITIES
• It was reported way back in 1997 that 86 percent of the dwelling units in the slums of Surat are one room units and 58 percent of
them are less than 100 to 200 sq.ft in area.
• Migrant labors often share a single kutcha room on a shift basis. The condition of public utilities and services is dismal. Lack of
drainage, choked gutters, uncleaned filth, muck, garbage, pigs and stray dogs together make many of these locations easy prey to
water borne diseases like malaria, hepatitis B, typhoid, gastro enteritis etc.
• While slums within the city wall have access to piped water supply, the rest of the slums are not covered by any such network.
Though efforts to provide the slums with better amenities were carried out, the increasing number of slums has made such efforts in
adequate.
• Subsequent to the plague in 1994, all basic services like water supply, drainage lines, stone paved foot paths, road with carpet,
hand pumps, pay-and-use toilet, individual toilet, Balwadis, street lights, stand posts, storm water lines etc., have been provided in a
majority of the slums as part of the slum improvement programme. Socio Economic and Physical survey of the slums of the Surat
city was conducted in March 2005 and the work is recently completed.

EWS HOUSING PROJECTS
•According to governmet given target 7754 D.U had to
be constructed for the year 2005-06.
•Against which the Surat Municipal Corporation has
constructed 7616 dwelling units on 24 different sites.
Planning is under process of remaining units.
•The construction work of 7424 D.U.s. has been
completed and possession to the beneficiaries has
been handed over. 3533 units are handed over to the
beneficiaries by draw and in 3891 units hutments on
road alignment and such other inappropriate locations
have been shifted.
• The housing design for E.W.S. Category is according
to the standards shown before.

Outcomes of Jawahar Lal Nehru National
Urban Renewal Mission -
On completion of the Mission period of seven years, it is
expected that ULBs will achieve the following outcomes:-
Modern and transparent budgeting, accounting, financial
management systems, designed and adopted for all urban
services and governance functions;
City-wide framework for planning and governance will be
established and become operational;
All urban poor people will be able to obtain access to a basic
level of urban services;
Financially self-sustaining agencies for urban governance
and service delivery will be established through reforms to
major revenue instruments;
 Local services and governance will be conducted in a
manner that is transparent and accountable to citizens;
E-Governance applications will be introduced in core
functions of ULBs resulting in reduced cost and time of
service delivery processes.

Case study of “ARANYA” low cost housing
A sense of continuity of fundamental values of the society is the essence of good habitat.
the ideological basis for planning “ARANYA” has been as following
Design approach
Hierarchy and size of communities
within a settlement
Township Level
Function Level
Community level
Cluster Level
Dwelling Level
Broad objectives
Vitality
Imagibility
Equity
Efficiency
Flexibility
Feasibility
Checklist of detailed guideline to be followed
Planning at Township Level
Planning at Sector Level
Planning at Community/Cluster level
Planning at Dwelling unit Level
Planning of Sanitary core
Specific issues
Indigenous Character of Built Form
Optimization of Land Utilization
Marketability
Economy of Infrastructure
Innovations in Sites and Services
Computer application for Resource
Conservation
Reconsideration of Standards
design process
settlement structure
Size or hierarchy
Spatial definition and boundaries.
Population structure and composition
Relationship to other areas
settlement design
Density and cost
Road network
Open spaces system
supportive facilities
Nature and magnitude of facilities
Location
Growth and change
Nature and level of utilities
legal and organizational structure
Forms of tenure
Need and type of control

Programme

Design Evolution
Stages Of Evolution
1)Plan initially prepared by Indore
Development Authority which shows a typical
rubber stamping attitude without any concern
for open space hierarchy, circulation system,
climatic orientation or the built form.
2) Initial stage of proposed plan with
distributed open spaces and street
hierarchies.
3) Later stage of development with rectified
orientation to minimize heat gain and
increase natural shading.
4) Proposed master plan with interlinked
open spaces, built form variations,
distributed amenities, road network
hierarchies and climate friendly orientation.
Case study of “ARANYA” low cost hosing

Final Plan
Envisaged Built Form
Essentially a low rise high density development the built form echoes
the traditional fabric with continuity of built edge, shared walls,
favorable micro climate, house form variations and culturally
appropriate settings

Hierarchy and distribution of various amenities
ALT A
Community Facilities
Grouped in Local sub
centers
* Formal Organization
ALTB
Community Facilities
Distributed Evenly
* Informality Created
* Accessibility Improved
ALT C (Adopted)
Lower Level Community
Facilities Organized in
Green spaces
* Even Distribution
* Maintains Link with
town centre
* Pedestrian Access
Easier

Hierarchy of roads
A Basic grid pattern
envisaged for simple
layout
B Twists and staggers
introduced to discourage
thro traffic sping road
staggered
C Clear Hierarchy to
be adopted Sector level
roads Activity sping City
road. Highway

Distribution and mixing of various income group

Service infrastructure

House form variation

Housing & slums: existing conditions
• About 25% shortage in housing supply in Bhopal City. majority of
which is for urban poor.
• 21% HH -don’t have legal tenure, 15% HH - Patta from
GoMP.
• 60% HH belong to LIG and EWS, and BPL Catogory. (LIG 35%,
EWS 25% with 15% BPL).
• 36% of the population in Bhopal is living in the slums
• Most of the slums have no access to the sufficient water supply
• 80% of the slums in Bhopal lack in access to the toilets.
• No access to Solid Waste management in Slums.
• Lots of Government interventions been implemented towards
betterment of the slum community but they lacked integrated approach.
Objectives of BDA
•To integrate the slums into the economic and social networks of the city.
• Sustainable improvement in overall quality of life of people living in
slums in Bhopal.
• Sustainable improvement in standards of health, education and
community life and increased income-earning potential of people in slums of
Bhopal.
• Create strong, committed and broad-based formal and informal
community – based groups, which participate actively in sustainable
development activities established and functioning.
• To provide security of tenure.
• To strengthen local government to ensure that assets created are
property maintained and project benefits are sustained.
Bharat mata nagar New patrakar colony
Vallabh nagar Nera filter plant
Durga nagar ward - 9 Naya basera
Case study of Bhopal Vikas Pradhikaran (BDA) low cost housing

Project Proposal
ABSTRACT OF ESTIMATE OF COST FOR PROPOSED HOUSING SCHEME AT BHAUNRI HILLS FOR SLUM UNDER JNNURM
AT BHOPAL
S.N Name Of The Slum Propo
sed
House
s
Total Cost
Of Ews Unit
Total Cost Of
External
Development
Total Cost Of Social
Infrastructure Work
Total Amount
(In Rs.)
1 BHAURI
HILLS
7456 608107197.4
4
141564177.25 7562766.70 757234141.39
TOTAL 7456 608107197 141564177 7562767 757234141
TOTAL PROJECT COST INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION OF EWS UNITS, OUTER
DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS
757234141.4
TOTAL PROJECT COST SAY 7572.35LACS
The financial arrangement for the proposed
project is as below
• Grant from Central Govt under JNNURM Scheme
(50%): : Rs. 37.86 Cr.
•Grant under JNNURM by M.P
Govt.(20%) : Rs. 15.14 Cr.
•Beneficiaries Contribution
(15%) : Rs. 11.36 Cr.
•Contribution of BDA and other agencies
(15%) : Rs. 11.36 Cr.

Sr.
No.
General Information Proposed Site For
Resettlement &
Rehabilitation
Slum
ID.
Zone
No.
Ward
No.
Name of the Slum No of
Householdss
Population BPL Families
1 143 6 31 Bhadmada ke pas 114 570 84
Bhounri Hills BDA
Scheme
2 151 7 35 Patrakar Colony 70 400 70
3 154 7 35 Om Nagar No 2 400 2500 395
4 155 7 35 Om Nagar No 3 300 1600 300
5 182 8 46 Padmanabh Nagar 45 225 40
6 188 8 47 Shanti Nagar 86 430 27
7 202 9 48 Iswar Nagar 100 500 50
8 208 9 48 Durga Nagar 370 1850 155
9 234 10 57 Anna Nagar 500 2500 430
10 281 11 63 Bhil Nagar 1100 5500 110
11 280 11 63 Adarsh Nagar 500 2500 50
12 279 11 63 Gautam Nagar 265 1003 200
13 282 11 63 Arjun Nagar 235 1600 150
14 198 8 64 Roop Nagar 914 4570 706
15 211 9 49 Kolar colony slum area 1876 9380 563
16 153 7 35 Vallabh Nagar 2 500 3000 550
17 59 2 9 T.B. Hosital Ke Samne Ki
Jhuggi
39 250 6

PLAN
SECTION SECTION

Location in the T.P Scheme
Case Study of EWS Housing at Jahangirpura, Surat

Neighborhood &
Connectivity

Total site area : 9066.74 sqm. (0.9 HA)
Total built up : 3678.8 sqm.
Total floor area : 14715.2 sqm.
Total units : 576
Per unit area : 23.8 sqm.
Density : 640 D.U./ HA
• total built up is 40.5% of the site. But
because of the existing planning almost
half of the open area is not useful.
• average density of EWS is 453 DU/HA.
But in this case it increased a lot.

Services & Infrastructure Layout

Public
Semi -Public
private
services
Semi - private
Plan
•The flat has a main living room with a kitchen, multifunctional room, toilet, bathroom.
•There is not enough spill out space for dwellings. four dwelling units opening in to a small space of 1.5 m x 2,4 m. , which is also
serves as circulation for other floors.
•There is sufficient amount of light coming in but because of placement of openings and walls inside ventilation is not proper
•the openings of the kitchens and the toilets do not open to a common duct, hence increasing the cost of the pipelines and also
causing problems in back yard .and causing health problems also.

Elevation Section AA’
• The central staircase leads to the upper floors, each floor having four units.
•In backyard there is no openings accept toile ventilations. Because of that it is
creating dead space in backyard.
•The backyard is not properly designed hence it renders no particular opportunity for
any activities to take place at the same
•there is no balcony for the upper floors. The dwellers of the upper floor making
landing of the staircase more congested by standing and drying cloths.

Section BB’
•People are using living room as
multi functional room as per their
requirement.
•Because of their big family
house become smaller.
•In some units living space is also
serves as provision stores
(shops) to satisfy the daily needs
of the community. Provision for
shops is not properly completed
in the existing project.
Multiple use of Space

Due to lack of spill out spaces and parking
area. Activities of gathering takes places at
the same place which hinders the vehicular
and pedestrian movement.
No parapet on the
terrace give rise to
danger to humanity
resulting to no
usage of terrace.
During evening
and weekends
there is a chaos on
road full of
activities.

Family needs:

Survey Inferences

Survey Inferences
45%
42%
13%
Below 35 35-50 Above 50
27%
61%
12%
Upto 4 4-Oct Above 10
Age : Family Size :
19%
51%
30%
900 -1500/= 1500-3000/= Above 3000/=
45%
22%
33%
Male Female Both
Income/ month : Occupational Pattern :

Survey Inferences
40%
60%
Hindu Muslim
39%
47%
14%
Infant Study General Labor
Ethnicity : Children’s Activity :

COST ANALYSIS
13%
71%
14%
2%
Construction cost
sub-structure
Super-structure
Plumbing
Electrification

PROPOSAL “A”
SHOPS
COMMUNITY
SPACE
RECREATION
EDGE

Living room
bed room
kitchen
toilet
duct
road
entry
Stair
2nos
Stair
2nos
court
court
court
court
entry
Shops
A
LAYOUT
(456 units)
UNIT PLAN
area 28.4sqm
PROPOSAL “B”

SECTION A
• 3m wide passage is acting as small
streets, Which is inter-connected. Its also
acting as small Gathering space, which is a
main feature of slums.
• four courts – possibility of separation of
different communities. But still connected
• raised courts – leaving parking area
below eye level
• four stairs 2.5m wide. Small stairs 1.2m
wide.
• 3 x 3 m ducts also acts as shear walls
and on top gives provision for water tank.
• under ground sumps and septic tanks
coming under the parking space .
• bigger toilet 1.6x1.7 m which will
accommodate both WC and bathing space.
• bigger kitchen can also accommodate a
chowkidi which also can be act as space for
washing cloths.
• provision of shops for public in the
parking which is adjacent to road edge.
Provision of internal shop near the grand
stair ,which is visible from all parts of the
court.
A design option

Project Impact: Local level
The layouts consist of blocks of houses clustered around common open spaces. Hence there is hierarchy of open spaces, and
smaller courts are linked to the main cluster open space, which joins the main circulation area. Large open spaces provide the much
needed space for playing and community functions.
• Planning of these location will improve the social condition, as there will be provision of :
• space for community activities, which are impossible in the present condition
• Safe Playing Spaces for children from where mother can keep watch on them
• Social amenities will improve the health status in slums.
• Provision of Infrastructure will improve the social condition, as
• Regular water supply will save the time of people and will prevent them by unnecessary conflicts
• Provision of facilities for solid waste disposal and sewer lines will improvise the environment conditions, and hence the hygiene
and health of people.
Provision of school in vicinity will encourage children to go to school regularly and help improving literacy ratios.
Religious buildings will bring a kind of Culture in the slum dwellers.
Economic Improvement :
Planning of these location will improve the economic conditions by
• Improved Human resource
• Space for vocational training program, to improvise the human resources
• Space for workshops and commercial activities will increase the employment and in long term result the area will become self
sustainable by the services provided by these people.
Inferences

Ews housing (2)

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