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Evolution of water transport
From ancient dugout canoes to modern megaships, maritime vessels have evolved significantly over thousands of years. Early boats included Egyptian reed boats, Khufu's solar boat made of wood and rope, and dhows used in the Red Sea. During medieval times, Viking longships with 60 rowers and massive Chinese junks carrying over 200 people were prominent. The first steamship to cross the Atlantic was the SS Savannah in 1818. Modern developments include the first iron hulled ocean liner SS Great Britain in 1843, the first oil tanker the Zoroaster in 1870, the ill-fated RMS Titanic in 1912, and now huge passenger, war, and cargo ships.
Evolution of water transport
- 1. From Ancient Historyto the Megaships of today
- 2. Dug-out Canoes In ancient maritime history, the first boats are presumed to have been dugout canoes, developed independently by various stone age populations, and used for coastal fishing and travel. A dugout or dugout canoe is a boat made from a hollowed tree trunk.
- 3. Egyptian Reed Boat(4,000 BC) •The Ancient Egyptians had knowledge of sail construction. This is governed by the science of aerodynamics •-Most probably the first sailing boat
- 4. Khufu’s solar boat(2500 B.C.) This boat is entirely made out of wood and it is held together by ropes.
- 5. Dhow (lateen-sail ship) In early modern India and Arabia the la teen-sail ship known as the dhow was used on the waters of the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Persian Gulf. Dhow (Arabic dāw) is the generic name of a number of traditionalsailing vessels with one or more masts with lateen sails used in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean region. Historians are divided as to whether the dhow was invented by Arabs.
- 6. Medieval Period Therewere also Southeast Asian Seafarers and Polynesians, and the Northern European Vikings, developed oceangoing vessels and depended heavily upon them for travel and population movements prior to 1000 AD. China's ships in the medieval period were particularly massive; multi-mast sailing junks were carrying over 200 people as early as 200 AD.
- 7. Viking Longboats andChinese Junks Viking Longboats Chinese Junks (1,100 A.D.) (Northern Europe, They were used as fighting 1000A.D.) and transport ships. These ships used 60 men to row the ship.
- 8. Medieval Ships Various ships were in use during the Middle Ages. Longships were sea vessels made and used by the Vikings from the Nordic countriesfor trade, commerce, exploration, and warfare during the Viking Age although scientific analysis of the oak timber shows at least one well known ship was built in Dublin, Ireland.
- 9. Medieval Ships A knarr is a type of Norse merchant shi p famously used by the Vikings.
- 10. Medieval Ships The cog was a design which is believed to have evolved from (or at least been influenced by) the longship, and was in wide use by the 12th century. It too used the clinker method of construction. The caravel was a ship invented in Islamic Iberia and used in the Mediterranean from the 13th century.
- 11. Three & FourMasted Sailing Ships These wooden ships were used as battleships, and for exploration.
- 12. SS Savannah SS Savannah was an American hybrid s ailing ship/sidewheel steamerbuilt in 1818. She is notable for being the first steamship in the world to cross the Atlantic Ocean
- 13. SS Great Britain The first ocean liners made of iron and driven by a propeller. When launched in 1843, Great Britain was by far the largest vessel afloat.
- 14. The Zoroaster (1870) The first oil tanker in the world built by the Nobel Brothers
- 15. RMS Titanic (1912) RMS Titanic was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean on 15 April 1912 after colliding with an iceberg during hermaiden voyage from Southampton, UK to New York City, US. Thesinking of Titanic caused the deaths of 1,502 people in one of the deadliest peacetime maritime disasters in modern history. The RMS Titanic was the largest ship afloat at the time of her maiden voyage.
- 16. Wakamiya First seaplanecarrier. It was created by the Japanese.
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