Maritime history is the study of human activity at sea and how ships have evolved over time. Early ships were simple rafts, dugout canoes, or boats made of lashed-together sticks and animal hides. Over centuries, ships developed new technologies like sails, rudders, and multiple levels for rowers that allowed them to carry more cargo and travel further. Major innovations included the Phoenicians' development of galleys and triremes powered by both sails and oars, and the later introduction of fore-and-aft rigged sails that made ships more maneuverable. Today's large cargo and tanker ships are a far cry from ancient vessels and continue to incorporate new technologies.
The document traces the development of boats over thousands of years, from early rafts made of tied logs to modern hydrofoils. It describes how early boats evolved from hollowed out log canoes to reed boats used by the Egyptians. Viking longboats introduced sailing and oar-powered warships. Later developments included Chinese junks with compartments and rudders, clipper ships, steamships powered without sails or oars, ocean liners like the Titanic, and finally modern hydrofoils that ride above the water for minimal resistance and high speed. The document provides a brief history of boat technology from primitive rafts to advanced modern vessels.
THE REVOLUTIONS IN THE MEANS OF TRANSPORT FROM PRE-HISTORY TO THE CONTEMPORAR...Fernando Alcoforado
This article aims to present the evolution of land, waterways, air and space transport means throughout history and its future perspectives. The means of transport can be classified into land, pipelines, waterways, air and space. The evolution of the means of transport was essential for the development of humanity. What will the land transport of the future look like? What will the waterway transport of the future look like? What will the air transport of the future look like? What will the space transport of the future look like? This article provides answers to these questions.
This document discusses the history of maritime transportation from ancient dugout canoes dating back 8,000 years to modern cruise ships. It covers the evolution of boats from early dugouts and reed boats used in ancient Egypt and other cultures to sailing ships in the Middle Ages powered by sails or oars. The development of steam power allowed for ships like the Savannah in 1819 to cross the Atlantic, while Brunel's Great Western in 1843 was the first iron steamer to do so. Famous ships like the Titanic and modern cruise ships like Allure of the Seas represent peak achievements in ship design and size.
THE GREAT INVENTIONS IN WATERWAY TRANSPORT THROUGHOUT HISTORY AND THEIR FUTUR...Fernando Alcoforado
This article aims to present the great inventions that occurred with the means of river, lake and maritime transport, aiming at the transport of people and cargo throughout history and its future evolution. The use of boats constituted one of the first means of locomotion invented by man and was crucial for the development of humanity. Since ancient times, boats have been used as a means of transport. In the beginning, canoes were used for fishing activities and short-distance transport. Canoes are considered the first vessels used to transport people and cargo. Taking advantage of the current of the water or using oars, the navigators moved the canoes, covering small distances. Over time, sailing boats were invented, which moved driven by the force of the wind. The development of ships and the discovery of new navigation techniques made it possible for human beings to cross rivers, seas and oceans, overcoming long distances in the transport of passengers and cargo, in addition to using them as weapons of war. From wooden canoes to large vessels such as modern ocean liners, there has been a lot of progress. In the future, vessels will benefit from increasingly sophisticated technologies. Smart ships will become an integral part of the reality that surrounds us.
The document discusses various methods of transport, including submarines, ships, rockets, helicopters, vans, and bikes. It provides brief histories and descriptions of each mode, noting that submarines were first built in 1620, ships date back 10,000 years and were used for fishing and hunting, rockets were developed after the discovery of gunpowder and are now used to travel in space, helicopters provide air travel with a specific rotorcraft design and are used for military and police purposes, vans transport goods and people with a car-like design but more interior space, and bikes have two wheels attached to a frame and have been used for transportation since the 15th century.
The document discusses various methods of transport, including submarines, ships, rockets, helicopters, vans, and bikes. It provides brief histories and descriptions of each mode, noting that submarines were first built in 1620, ships date back 10,000 years and were used for fishing and hunting, rockets were developed after the discovery of gunpowder and are now used to travel in space, helicopters provide air travel with a specific rotorcraft design and are used for military and police purposes, vans transport goods and people with a car-like design but more interior space, and bikes have two wheels attached to a frame and have been used for transportation since the 15th century.
Transportation has evolved significantly over time due to technological advances. Early humans developed basic tools like footwear and sleds to travel farther on land. The development of animal-drawn wheeled vehicles and pack animals further expanded land transport capabilities. Major improvements like Roman roads and modern rail systems increased land transport efficiency. Water transport also evolved from primitive boats to advanced sailing vessels and steamships. Aviation progress includes experimentation with kites and gliders as well as breakthroughs like powered aircraft. Continued innovation aims to reduce costs and improve transport.
Maritime history is the study of human activity at sea and how ships have evolved over time. Early ships were simple rafts, dugout canoes, or boats made of lashed-together sticks and animal hides. Over centuries, ships developed new technologies like sails, rudders, and multiple levels for rowers that allowed them to carry more cargo and travel further. Major innovations included the Phoenicians' development of galleys and triremes powered by both sails and oars, and the later introduction of fore-and-aft rigged sails that made ships more maneuverable. Today's large cargo and tanker ships are a far cry from ancient vessels and continue to incorporate new technologies.
The document traces the development of boats over thousands of years, from early rafts made of tied logs to modern hydrofoils. It describes how early boats evolved from hollowed out log canoes to reed boats used by the Egyptians. Viking longboats introduced sailing and oar-powered warships. Later developments included Chinese junks with compartments and rudders, clipper ships, steamships powered without sails or oars, ocean liners like the Titanic, and finally modern hydrofoils that ride above the water for minimal resistance and high speed. The document provides a brief history of boat technology from primitive rafts to advanced modern vessels.
THE REVOLUTIONS IN THE MEANS OF TRANSPORT FROM PRE-HISTORY TO THE CONTEMPORAR...Fernando Alcoforado
This article aims to present the evolution of land, waterways, air and space transport means throughout history and its future perspectives. The means of transport can be classified into land, pipelines, waterways, air and space. The evolution of the means of transport was essential for the development of humanity. What will the land transport of the future look like? What will the waterway transport of the future look like? What will the air transport of the future look like? What will the space transport of the future look like? This article provides answers to these questions.
This document discusses the history of maritime transportation from ancient dugout canoes dating back 8,000 years to modern cruise ships. It covers the evolution of boats from early dugouts and reed boats used in ancient Egypt and other cultures to sailing ships in the Middle Ages powered by sails or oars. The development of steam power allowed for ships like the Savannah in 1819 to cross the Atlantic, while Brunel's Great Western in 1843 was the first iron steamer to do so. Famous ships like the Titanic and modern cruise ships like Allure of the Seas represent peak achievements in ship design and size.
THE GREAT INVENTIONS IN WATERWAY TRANSPORT THROUGHOUT HISTORY AND THEIR FUTUR...Fernando Alcoforado
This article aims to present the great inventions that occurred with the means of river, lake and maritime transport, aiming at the transport of people and cargo throughout history and its future evolution. The use of boats constituted one of the first means of locomotion invented by man and was crucial for the development of humanity. Since ancient times, boats have been used as a means of transport. In the beginning, canoes were used for fishing activities and short-distance transport. Canoes are considered the first vessels used to transport people and cargo. Taking advantage of the current of the water or using oars, the navigators moved the canoes, covering small distances. Over time, sailing boats were invented, which moved driven by the force of the wind. The development of ships and the discovery of new navigation techniques made it possible for human beings to cross rivers, seas and oceans, overcoming long distances in the transport of passengers and cargo, in addition to using them as weapons of war. From wooden canoes to large vessels such as modern ocean liners, there has been a lot of progress. In the future, vessels will benefit from increasingly sophisticated technologies. Smart ships will become an integral part of the reality that surrounds us.
The document discusses various methods of transport, including submarines, ships, rockets, helicopters, vans, and bikes. It provides brief histories and descriptions of each mode, noting that submarines were first built in 1620, ships date back 10,000 years and were used for fishing and hunting, rockets were developed after the discovery of gunpowder and are now used to travel in space, helicopters provide air travel with a specific rotorcraft design and are used for military and police purposes, vans transport goods and people with a car-like design but more interior space, and bikes have two wheels attached to a frame and have been used for transportation since the 15th century.
The document discusses various methods of transport, including submarines, ships, rockets, helicopters, vans, and bikes. It provides brief histories and descriptions of each mode, noting that submarines were first built in 1620, ships date back 10,000 years and were used for fishing and hunting, rockets were developed after the discovery of gunpowder and are now used to travel in space, helicopters provide air travel with a specific rotorcraft design and are used for military and police purposes, vans transport goods and people with a car-like design but more interior space, and bikes have two wheels attached to a frame and have been used for transportation since the 15th century.
Transportation has evolved significantly over time due to technological advances. Early humans developed basic tools like footwear and sleds to travel farther on land. The development of animal-drawn wheeled vehicles and pack animals further expanded land transport capabilities. Major improvements like Roman roads and modern rail systems increased land transport efficiency. Water transport also evolved from primitive boats to advanced sailing vessels and steamships. Aviation progress includes experimentation with kites and gliders as well as breakthroughs like powered aircraft. Continued innovation aims to reduce costs and improve transport.
Building ships is one of mankind’s oldest technologies. Indeed, ancient Greek, Egyptian and Phoenician civilisations made use of ships and boats to trade and move about. As such, it’s safe to say that shipbuilding existed for thousands of years, as people have used boats to explore, fight, fish and travel. Over time, shipbuilding technology has evolved to make water travel faster and easier.
Water transportation has existed since ancient times when early humans used dugout canoes for travel. Through history, various cultures developed new boat designs like reed boats in ancient Egypt and caravels in the 13th century. The industrial revolution led to steam boats and diesel powered ships. In modern times, passenger ships include cruise ships that function as floating hotels and destinations. Cargo is transported globally on bulk carriers, general cargo, and roll-on-roll-off ships. India has over 14,500 km of inland waterways, including 6 national waterways, managed by the Inland Waterways Authority of India.
Water transportation history and new trendsAMALDASKH
This document discusses the history and evolution of water transportation. It begins by explaining that water transportation is the oldest mode of transport and involves the movement of people and goods via waterways. It then provides a timeline of major developments in water vessels from simple rafts made thousands of years ago to modern container ships and cruise liners. The document also covers the role of water transportation in tourism and lists some major international and local water transportation operators. Finally, it discusses recent innovations in watercraft, including personal submarines, electric hydrofoils, and amphibious vehicles.
The ancient Chinese built various water vessels as early as 4000-10000 years ago during the Neolithic Age to transport goods and people along coastal routes. Over time, Chinese shipbuilding evolved into large oceangoing vessels similar to those used by Christopher Columbus. For land transport, most common citizens walked or rode horses, while some could afford ox-drawn carts or chariots; the military primarily used horse-drawn or ox-drawn wagons for transporting soldiers and supplies.
The document discusses how Rome used aqueducts to transport water. It explains that Rome's local water sources were unsuitable for drinking so they built aqueducts to bring water from farther distances. The first aqueduct, Aqua Appia, was built in 312 BC, and more were constructed as the city's demand for water grew. The aqueducts transported water from springs into Rome where it was used for drinking, baths, fountains and other purposes.
Evolution of Water Transport (From Ancient History to the Megaships of today)Jerome Jaime
From Ancient History to the Megaships of today documents the evolution of ships from early dugout canoes to modern megaships. Early boats included dugout canoes used by stone age populations for travel and fishing. The Ancient Egyptians had knowledge of sail construction. In medieval times, dhows were used in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Persian Gulf regions. Vikings developed longboats for trade, commerce, exploration, and warfare. Chinese junks carried over 200 people by 200 AD. Modern ships included the SS Savannah, the first steamship to cross the Atlantic in 1818, and the RMS Titanic, the largest ship afloat when it sank in 1912 after colliding with an iceberg.
The Panama Canal connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans across the Isthmus of Panama, providing a shortcut for maritime trade. The 50-mile canal cuts through mountainous jungle and includes a series of locks that raise and lower ships as they pass through. After failed attempts by France and Panama, the United States oversaw the canal's completion in 1914, which reduced travel times between the oceans by 8,000 miles but cost many worker lives due to harsh conditions and disease. The canal remains a vital global shipping route today.
- Ancient boats were initially dugout canoes independently developed by various stone age populations for coastal fishing and travel. A dugout canoe is a hollowed out tree trunk.
- Early sailing boats included the dhow used in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf, as well as vessels from Southeast Asia, Polynesia, Northern Europe, and China whose massive multi-mast junks could carry over 200 people by 200 AD.
- Various ship designs evolved over time including longships, knarrs for long voyages, cogs influenced by longships, and caravels used in the Mediterranean from the 13th century onward. Paddle steamers and ocean liners incorporated steam power
The Panama Canal connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans across the Isthmus of Panama. The United States took over construction of the canal from France in 1904 after thousands of French workers had died from disease. Building the canal was a massive engineering challenge that involved cutting a 51 mile path through jungle and mountains. The canal features giant locks that raise and lower ships as they pass between freshwater Gatun Lake and the ocean. When it opened in 1914, the canal significantly reduced travel times between the oceans and boosted international trade.
An ancient Babylonian clay tablet from 3,700 years ago has been translated, providing new details about Noah's Ark. The tablet contains instructions for building a round vessel made of reeds, not a traditional boat-shaped ark as typically depicted. It would have been circular rather than pointed at one end, and equal in length and width. This correlates to a type of coracle boat still used today in some regions. The round design would have made the vessel more stable in the flood waters than a traditional ship. The tablet challenges the common assumption that Noah's Ark resembled a conventional boat.
This document summarizes the evolution of ship building from ancient times to modern day. It describes early ships from 3000-4000 BC built by Egyptians from reeds with no internal framing. During 1500 BC, Greek ships became smaller and faster with lean designs that could hold up to 50 oarsmen. Later, Polynesian ships were discovered with outriggers that could stabilize large vessels up to 180 feet long carrying 1000 people. Viking ships from 1000-1200 AD were long and narrow, up to 80 feet long used for travel, trading and colonization. Starting in the 15th century, European and Spanish ships were built for long distance travel with cannons and much larger hulls than Vikings. Modern ships can carry
This document summarizes the evolution of ship building from ancient times to modern day. It describes early ships built by Egyptians and Greeks from reeds and with no internal framing. Viking ships from 1000-1200 AD were longships up to 80 feet long used for raiding and trading. Sailing ships from the 15th-18th centuries included carracks and galleons built by Europeans and Spain with cannons. Modern passenger ships can be over 1000 feet long, hold thousands of people, and burn 300 tons of fuel per day. A future concept is a residential ocean community on a ship costing $1.6 billion to build that would house 5,400 passengers.
The Panama Canal connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans across the Isthmus of Panama and drastically reduced travel times between the oceans. The United States took over construction of the canal from France in 1904 after thousands of French workers had died from disease. Building the canal involved overcoming immense challenges in draining lakes, cutting through mountainous jungle, and constructing giant locks to raise and lower ships. After 10 years of difficult construction under harsh conditions, the Panama Canal opened in 1914.
The wheel was one of the most important inventions in human history. Evidence suggests wheels were independently invented around 3500-3350 BC in parts of Europe and Asia, with the earliest depictions showing up in ancient Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. Over thousands of years, the wheel evolved from being used only on pottery to being applied to transportation with carts and chariots. Major innovations like spoked wheels in 2000 BC and iron rims in 1000 BC improved the wheel's design and function. Today the wheel remains a ubiquitous mechanical component found in vehicles, machines, and other applications.
Health And The Environment ( Marine Life ) EssayPaula Smith
1) The document discusses an oil spill that occurred off the coast of New Zealand in 2011 when a cargo ship, the MV Rena, ran aground and spilled oil and debris.
2) There were major environmental, economic, and social impacts from the spill. Efforts have been made to restore the affected marine environment.
3) A key issue is whether to leave the remaining wreck and debris or remove it. Leaving it could allow faster access but also pose risks, while removal could further damage the recovering area. The benefits and risks of each option are debated.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATERIAL KNOWLEDGEan extract fromA SHORT HI.docxmehek4
THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATERIAL KNOWLEDGE
an extract from
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE WORLD
BY: H. G. WELLS Link (Links to an external site.)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kindly made available for free to students by Gutenberg.org. Some business organization are actively trying to stop Gutenberg from making these texts available to students for free. Please consider making a donation to Gutenberg's cause. Link (Links to an external site.)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE TO STUDENTS [Comments in brackets [like this] are edits by Assistant Professor Engh, SLCC. [ . . . ] indicates deletions.]
THROUGHOUT the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and the opening years of the nineteenth century, while these conflicts of the powers and princes were going on in Europe, and the patchwork of the treaty of Westphalia (1648) was changing kaleidoscopically into the patchwork of the treaty of Vienna (1815), and while the sailing ship was spreading European influence throughout the world, a steady growth of knowledge and a general clearing up of men’s ideas about the world in which they lived was in progress in the European and Europeanized world.
It went on disconnected from political life, and producing throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries no striking immediate results in political life. Nor was it affecting popular thought very profoundly during this period. These reactions were to come later, and only in their full force in the latter half of the nineteenth century. It was a process that went on chiefly in a small world of prosperous and independent-spirited people. Without what the English call the “private gentleman,” the scientific process could not have begun in Greece, and could not have been renewed in Europe. The universities played a part but not a leading part in the philosophical and scientific thought of this period. Endowed learning is apt to be timid and conservative learning, lacking in initiative and resistent to innovation, unless it has the spur of contact with independent minds.
We have already noted the formation of the Royal Society in 1662 and its work in realizing the dream of Bacon’s New Atlantis. Throughout the eighteenth century there was much clearing up of general ideas about matter and motion, much mathematical advance, a systematic development of the use of optical glass in microscope and telescope, a renewed energy in classificatory natural history, a great revival of anatomical science. The science of geology—foreshadowed by Aristotle and anticipated by Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)—began its great task of interpreting the Record of the Rocks.
The progress of physical science reacted upon metallurgy. Improved metallurgy, affording the possibility of a larger and bolder handl ...
The document discusses the history and evolution of transportation from early boats and wheeled vehicles to modern modes like aircraft, spacecraft, and submarines. It notes key milestones like the first steam engines in the 1700s, the invention of locomotives in the 1800s, the first airplane flight by the Wright brothers in 1903, and the first moon landing in 1969. The document also explains how advances in transportation technology have allowed for greater human mobility and exploration over time.
ERASMUS+CLICHE GREEK TRADITIONAL WOODEN SHIPBUILDINGGitana8
This document discusses the ancient craft of wooden boat building in Greece. It traces the tradition back to Homeric times and discusses how some boat types can trace their lineage back thousands of years. It provides an overview of the major types of traditional Greek wooden boats, describing their characteristics and uses. It also notes that this important part of Greek maritime cultural heritage is at risk of being lost as fewer young people are learning the craft and many traditional boats have been destroyed. Efforts are underway to preserve and promote Greece's wooden boat building tradition through exhibitions, races and other events.
The Chinese were pioneers in many important inventions such as papermaking, printing, gunpowder, the compass, and porcelain. The development of paper around 105 AD using mulberry fiber and bamboo provided an important early writing material. The Chinese also invented movable type printing in 1045, though its impact was limited by the thousands of characters in the Chinese language. Gunpowder was discovered in the 9th century by combining sulfur, charcoal and saltpeter and was used for military weapons like rockets.
Man's ambition to control water has led to incredible construction projects like dams, canals, and polders to reclaim land from the sea. Frederick Rustagno, a physicist and fluid dynamics expert, examines the work of engineers who have shaped history by tackling immense infrastructure projects to harness water's power and protect against its devastating effects, redrawing the landscapes of the planet. One example is the Corinth Canal, dug nearly 3,000 years after first being proposed to cut an over 400 km detour around the Peloponnese, avoiding a difficult sea passage.
The wheel was invented in the 4th millennium BC in Lower Mesopotamia(modern-day Iraq), where the Sumerian people inserted rotating axles into solid discs of wood. It was only in 2000 BC that the discs began to be hollowed out to make a lighter wheel. This innovation led to major advances in two main areas.
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Philo Farnsworth successfully demonstrated electronic television in San Francisco, in 1927. Farnsworth, at the age of fifteen, began imagining ways that electronic television could work. One day while working in the fields among rows of vegetables, he was inspired.
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Building ships is one of mankind’s oldest technologies. Indeed, ancient Greek, Egyptian and Phoenician civilisations made use of ships and boats to trade and move about. As such, it’s safe to say that shipbuilding existed for thousands of years, as people have used boats to explore, fight, fish and travel. Over time, shipbuilding technology has evolved to make water travel faster and easier.
Water transportation has existed since ancient times when early humans used dugout canoes for travel. Through history, various cultures developed new boat designs like reed boats in ancient Egypt and caravels in the 13th century. The industrial revolution led to steam boats and diesel powered ships. In modern times, passenger ships include cruise ships that function as floating hotels and destinations. Cargo is transported globally on bulk carriers, general cargo, and roll-on-roll-off ships. India has over 14,500 km of inland waterways, including 6 national waterways, managed by the Inland Waterways Authority of India.
Water transportation history and new trendsAMALDASKH
This document discusses the history and evolution of water transportation. It begins by explaining that water transportation is the oldest mode of transport and involves the movement of people and goods via waterways. It then provides a timeline of major developments in water vessels from simple rafts made thousands of years ago to modern container ships and cruise liners. The document also covers the role of water transportation in tourism and lists some major international and local water transportation operators. Finally, it discusses recent innovations in watercraft, including personal submarines, electric hydrofoils, and amphibious vehicles.
The ancient Chinese built various water vessels as early as 4000-10000 years ago during the Neolithic Age to transport goods and people along coastal routes. Over time, Chinese shipbuilding evolved into large oceangoing vessels similar to those used by Christopher Columbus. For land transport, most common citizens walked or rode horses, while some could afford ox-drawn carts or chariots; the military primarily used horse-drawn or ox-drawn wagons for transporting soldiers and supplies.
The document discusses how Rome used aqueducts to transport water. It explains that Rome's local water sources were unsuitable for drinking so they built aqueducts to bring water from farther distances. The first aqueduct, Aqua Appia, was built in 312 BC, and more were constructed as the city's demand for water grew. The aqueducts transported water from springs into Rome where it was used for drinking, baths, fountains and other purposes.
Evolution of Water Transport (From Ancient History to the Megaships of today)Jerome Jaime
From Ancient History to the Megaships of today documents the evolution of ships from early dugout canoes to modern megaships. Early boats included dugout canoes used by stone age populations for travel and fishing. The Ancient Egyptians had knowledge of sail construction. In medieval times, dhows were used in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Persian Gulf regions. Vikings developed longboats for trade, commerce, exploration, and warfare. Chinese junks carried over 200 people by 200 AD. Modern ships included the SS Savannah, the first steamship to cross the Atlantic in 1818, and the RMS Titanic, the largest ship afloat when it sank in 1912 after colliding with an iceberg.
The Panama Canal connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans across the Isthmus of Panama, providing a shortcut for maritime trade. The 50-mile canal cuts through mountainous jungle and includes a series of locks that raise and lower ships as they pass through. After failed attempts by France and Panama, the United States oversaw the canal's completion in 1914, which reduced travel times between the oceans by 8,000 miles but cost many worker lives due to harsh conditions and disease. The canal remains a vital global shipping route today.
- Ancient boats were initially dugout canoes independently developed by various stone age populations for coastal fishing and travel. A dugout canoe is a hollowed out tree trunk.
- Early sailing boats included the dhow used in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf, as well as vessels from Southeast Asia, Polynesia, Northern Europe, and China whose massive multi-mast junks could carry over 200 people by 200 AD.
- Various ship designs evolved over time including longships, knarrs for long voyages, cogs influenced by longships, and caravels used in the Mediterranean from the 13th century onward. Paddle steamers and ocean liners incorporated steam power
The Panama Canal connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans across the Isthmus of Panama. The United States took over construction of the canal from France in 1904 after thousands of French workers had died from disease. Building the canal was a massive engineering challenge that involved cutting a 51 mile path through jungle and mountains. The canal features giant locks that raise and lower ships as they pass between freshwater Gatun Lake and the ocean. When it opened in 1914, the canal significantly reduced travel times between the oceans and boosted international trade.
An ancient Babylonian clay tablet from 3,700 years ago has been translated, providing new details about Noah's Ark. The tablet contains instructions for building a round vessel made of reeds, not a traditional boat-shaped ark as typically depicted. It would have been circular rather than pointed at one end, and equal in length and width. This correlates to a type of coracle boat still used today in some regions. The round design would have made the vessel more stable in the flood waters than a traditional ship. The tablet challenges the common assumption that Noah's Ark resembled a conventional boat.
This document summarizes the evolution of ship building from ancient times to modern day. It describes early ships from 3000-4000 BC built by Egyptians from reeds with no internal framing. During 1500 BC, Greek ships became smaller and faster with lean designs that could hold up to 50 oarsmen. Later, Polynesian ships were discovered with outriggers that could stabilize large vessels up to 180 feet long carrying 1000 people. Viking ships from 1000-1200 AD were long and narrow, up to 80 feet long used for travel, trading and colonization. Starting in the 15th century, European and Spanish ships were built for long distance travel with cannons and much larger hulls than Vikings. Modern ships can carry
This document summarizes the evolution of ship building from ancient times to modern day. It describes early ships built by Egyptians and Greeks from reeds and with no internal framing. Viking ships from 1000-1200 AD were longships up to 80 feet long used for raiding and trading. Sailing ships from the 15th-18th centuries included carracks and galleons built by Europeans and Spain with cannons. Modern passenger ships can be over 1000 feet long, hold thousands of people, and burn 300 tons of fuel per day. A future concept is a residential ocean community on a ship costing $1.6 billion to build that would house 5,400 passengers.
The Panama Canal connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans across the Isthmus of Panama and drastically reduced travel times between the oceans. The United States took over construction of the canal from France in 1904 after thousands of French workers had died from disease. Building the canal involved overcoming immense challenges in draining lakes, cutting through mountainous jungle, and constructing giant locks to raise and lower ships. After 10 years of difficult construction under harsh conditions, the Panama Canal opened in 1914.
The wheel was one of the most important inventions in human history. Evidence suggests wheels were independently invented around 3500-3350 BC in parts of Europe and Asia, with the earliest depictions showing up in ancient Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. Over thousands of years, the wheel evolved from being used only on pottery to being applied to transportation with carts and chariots. Major innovations like spoked wheels in 2000 BC and iron rims in 1000 BC improved the wheel's design and function. Today the wheel remains a ubiquitous mechanical component found in vehicles, machines, and other applications.
Health And The Environment ( Marine Life ) EssayPaula Smith
1) The document discusses an oil spill that occurred off the coast of New Zealand in 2011 when a cargo ship, the MV Rena, ran aground and spilled oil and debris.
2) There were major environmental, economic, and social impacts from the spill. Efforts have been made to restore the affected marine environment.
3) A key issue is whether to leave the remaining wreck and debris or remove it. Leaving it could allow faster access but also pose risks, while removal could further damage the recovering area. The benefits and risks of each option are debated.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATERIAL KNOWLEDGEan extract fromA SHORT HI.docxmehek4
THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATERIAL KNOWLEDGE
an extract from
A SHORT HISTORY OF THE WORLD
BY: H. G. WELLS Link (Links to an external site.)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kindly made available for free to students by Gutenberg.org. Some business organization are actively trying to stop Gutenberg from making these texts available to students for free. Please consider making a donation to Gutenberg's cause. Link (Links to an external site.)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE TO STUDENTS [Comments in brackets [like this] are edits by Assistant Professor Engh, SLCC. [ . . . ] indicates deletions.]
THROUGHOUT the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and the opening years of the nineteenth century, while these conflicts of the powers and princes were going on in Europe, and the patchwork of the treaty of Westphalia (1648) was changing kaleidoscopically into the patchwork of the treaty of Vienna (1815), and while the sailing ship was spreading European influence throughout the world, a steady growth of knowledge and a general clearing up of men’s ideas about the world in which they lived was in progress in the European and Europeanized world.
It went on disconnected from political life, and producing throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries no striking immediate results in political life. Nor was it affecting popular thought very profoundly during this period. These reactions were to come later, and only in their full force in the latter half of the nineteenth century. It was a process that went on chiefly in a small world of prosperous and independent-spirited people. Without what the English call the “private gentleman,” the scientific process could not have begun in Greece, and could not have been renewed in Europe. The universities played a part but not a leading part in the philosophical and scientific thought of this period. Endowed learning is apt to be timid and conservative learning, lacking in initiative and resistent to innovation, unless it has the spur of contact with independent minds.
We have already noted the formation of the Royal Society in 1662 and its work in realizing the dream of Bacon’s New Atlantis. Throughout the eighteenth century there was much clearing up of general ideas about matter and motion, much mathematical advance, a systematic development of the use of optical glass in microscope and telescope, a renewed energy in classificatory natural history, a great revival of anatomical science. The science of geology—foreshadowed by Aristotle and anticipated by Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)—began its great task of interpreting the Record of the Rocks.
The progress of physical science reacted upon metallurgy. Improved metallurgy, affording the possibility of a larger and bolder handl ...
The document discusses the history and evolution of transportation from early boats and wheeled vehicles to modern modes like aircraft, spacecraft, and submarines. It notes key milestones like the first steam engines in the 1700s, the invention of locomotives in the 1800s, the first airplane flight by the Wright brothers in 1903, and the first moon landing in 1969. The document also explains how advances in transportation technology have allowed for greater human mobility and exploration over time.
ERASMUS+CLICHE GREEK TRADITIONAL WOODEN SHIPBUILDINGGitana8
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What is the history of the beginning of the boat.pdf
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Home Historical story and inventions
by chalsreal - April 24, 2022 0
What is the history of the beginning of the boat
Mind-Numbing Fact s About Hist ory Of t he Boat
In earlier times, there was not so much advanced transport to travel as in today's time, if we have to go
somewhere far away, then we use the train, airplane, boat, etc. But earlier this was not all the facility, earlier
when one had to travel, either on foot or using a horse cart.
But when someone had to go somewhere far away, there used to be a river or sea in the middle, then it was very
difficult for them to cross it, A boat was made to deal with this problem, but in today's time the boat and It is a
ship of water, it must not have been made suddenly, it must have been improved from time to time to make the
modern water ship of today's time.
A boat is a little to an average-sized vessel, which has a lot lesser freight conveying capacity when contrasted
with a boat. While the boat is a conventional term utilized for an assortment of watercraft.
Due to no means with the earlier people, most of the work was done by boat, If seen, the boat is also mentioned
in mythology or pictures were seen, today we will learn about this historical topic.
The invent ion of t he boat and modern mot orboat , Who was
t he fi rst human-
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Accor ding t o r eligious t ext s
People who believe in many religions live in the world, according to everyone there is a different way to believe in
God or God, similarly, their religious texts are also different. There is definitely some incident related to the boat in
all the different religious texts,
Big ships are well depicted in the pictures printed in ancient texts, but the problem is that even if the pictures of
the new ones have been said, they are made very simply, Similar boats or ships of water have never been built in
today's modern era. According to the legends,
the stories of Mannu's escape from Nuh and according to the Yunnan Apollodorus, the stories of DU Kalyan's
escape by boarding the boat are found in many countries, and boats are mentioned in many other texts, but
nowhere is the boat accurately described.
What happened when humans faced new challenges in their life
on earth?
Pr et ender s and fl eet -
Pictures found on many old sides showed that small boats were invented about 6000 years ago, Which were
carried by tying several logs together, although there is no fact about how the boat was invented or who did it in
earlier times. Only historians have thought and opinion about it, according to them, in the past, when human
beings used to go here and there,
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They Must have worked hard to cross the river, drain and must have made initial efforts to carry luggage, Then
they may have made it by binding some amount of wood or some light floatable object or would have succeeded
in their aim by opening the trunk of a tree and swimming it in water.
We can consider these efforts as the original inherent form of a boat or ship, Even today, there is a difference of
opinion among historians about whether the lungi made by opening the trunk first came into existence or a
ferryboat made of hell, etc.
From some point of view the canoe was good and from some point of view the fleet, like-The canoe did not bring
water inside, but it had the same capacity as the fleet, Nor was there any facility to balance that much, in the
beginning, rivers, and streams were crossed with the help of these.
According to ecologists, the bark's canoe was made even later and then after filling the air in the skin of the
animals, these people started crossing the water by putting grass, wood, etc. Simultaneously, the use of leather
was started to make wooden boats in some places,
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These were some improved forms of the boat and The same thoughts arose in the minds of people located in
faraway countries, who could never come in contact with each other, to cross rivers and streams. Initially, rafts,
canoes, relied on the influence of water for their speed and Then someone discovered that with the help of logs,
Paddles, they can take the boats as per their wish, across or across the stream of the river with the flow or even
against the flow. Then with the changing times, people started going fishing in rivers lakes, and ponds, then
many people sometimes started going to sea away from good weather coast. In the beginning, the boat used to
be small,
due to which the water often used to jump up inside it, sometimes it also went overturned.
Then as human beings made different ways by chopping a plank of improved wood with an axe, then people
learned the art of making boats from wood, They also started to make big wooden boats over time. Gradually its
ends were made, some rounded, some pointed, some raised up,
It is this speed and the need to carry more cargo that has been driving humans to improve its invention in the
history of the boat till today, The result was that over time they began to become big boats, from which the
journey of distant seas started.
Evidence found f r om ar chaeological sit es
According to the Archaeological, the big water boat was invented 4000 years ago, Because historians have got
the world's oldest Shiv dakiya from the time of this Indus Valley Civilization, which is from the Lothal side and is
located in present-day Gujarat.
It was reminiscent of the beautiful dockyard in England of that time, it was built keeping in mind the high sea level
and saltwater, Along with this, big gates were also installed to control the water and It was so big that 30 big
ships could easily stand in it.
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4000 years ago, such big dockyards were made with advanced technology to erect water ships, it clearly
means that long before that, the use of boats and fleets. Much progress was made over time, after which a
cloth-powered ship was made, On top of this, a lot of clothes were tied,
And the ship was driven by the pressure of the air, which used to move in the wind's direction When the direction
of the wind changed, those clothes were swung in the direction of the wind by ropes.
Ships propelled by clothes and oars for many centuries were in the sea it calls merchant's vessels and ran in
rivers until the steam engine was invented by James Watt in 1776.
St eam engine boat invent ion
A new revolution had come in the world of vehicles after the invention of the steam engine by James Watt,
Because of this many people were successful in making vehicles like trains, motorcycles, motorcars, etc. after
the creation of the steam engine and John Fitch, a resident of America, invented the boat in the year 1787 by
putting a steam engine in the boat.
It was the world's first engine-powered boat built by him, which was 45 feet long, and his first boat was John
Fitch on the Delaware River and was driven by his assistant, Steven Pagano. But after the invention of John
Fitch in 1787, many people started making boats successfully by using steam engines, it was also being used a
lot.
Development of Ships and Bot s
Wood is used for the construction of boats since time immemorial, its place cannot be widely taken by any other
material, However, nowadays, a lot of sheets of Birmabright are being used in boats, ships, etc. Birmabright is an
alloy of aluminum that is very light and very strong and is not affected by saltwater,
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Previous Post Next Post
In the year 1855, Joseph Louis Lambot, a resident of France, made a small wooden boat, which he also got
patents done. But this boat was not successful at all, As humans progressed, ships started to become better, a
period came when huge ships were built, a small city used to run on these ships.
Everything was available on the ship itself, an example of which is Titanic, Due to the film made about it, today
people all over the world know about this magnificent ship. The foundation stone of such a huge ship was
started in the fifth decade of the 19th century. From the 1850s to the 1900s, it was one of the three Great
Britain ships sailing across the Atlantic,
When steam-engined boats became very popular, after the invention of the diesel engine, in 1904, the first ship
powered by a diesel engine was made, Which was powered by a 125 ft long 2500h/p diesel engine. From then till
now the technology of the ship changed day by day, and now it has grown so much that now houses and hotels
are also built on the ship.
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