Ethical journalism
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This document discusses several topics related to media ethics: - It outlines several media effects and media theories including the hypodermic needle theory, limited effects theory, two-step flow theory, and agenda setting theory. - It discusses agenda setting and how the media can influence what issues the public thinks about. Examples of high-profile news stories that set the agenda are given. - Ethical challenges journalists face in finding stories and remaining objective are examined. Maintaining accuracy and fairness while minimizing harm is important. - The Society of Professional Journalists' code of ethics is outlined which calls for honesty, fairness, and respect for sources.
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Journalism Ethics
Public trust in the media has declined, with polls showing only 32% trust media to report accurately and 55% of voters believing journalists are biased against Trump. A study found 90% of journalist donations went to Hillary Clinton, and WikiLeaks emails showed coordination between reporters and Clinton's campaign. While some criticize excessive focus on Clinton's emails, others argue media was too soft on her and sensationalized certain stories to boost sales.
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1. Journalism has cut back on investigative reporting due to budget cuts. Neutrality used to be valued but partisanship is rising, especially online and on cable news.
2. News media face ethical dilemmas around deception, privacy invasions, and conflicts of interest. Journalists also struggle with balancing objectivity with advocacy.
3. New technologies like television and the internet have disrupted traditional print journalism and blurred lines between mediums. Visuals now play a larger role. Alternative models like public journalism aim to better serve democracy.
Fall 2020 JOU 1000 First Class Presentation for week of October 12, 2020
This document summarizes a journalism class. It discusses profile stories, propaganda, elements of journalism, verification techniques, and using anonymous sources. The class covered Chapters 2 and 4 of the textbook. Students were assigned to analyze an interview with Barbra Streisand for elements of infotainment rather than solid journalism. Journalists must pursue the truth, remain independent, and question their own perspectives when reporting.
Class 11 fall 2016 slides
This document summarizes an ethics class discussion on journalism issues. It discusses coverage of political campaigns and ethical considerations around privacy, taste and offense. The class reviewed chapters on making decisions around privacy and taste in news coverage. They discussed the "right to be forgotten" and challenges balancing truth, privacy and minimizing harm. Assignments included reading chapters on sources and preparing for a guest speaker on investigative reporting.
COM 101 | Chapter 2: Perspectives on Mass Communication
This document provides an overview of two approaches to analyzing mass communication: the functional approach and the critical/cultural approach. The functional approach examines how audiences use media to fulfill needs and what benefits they receive. The critical/cultural approach examines underlying power relationships in media and how audiences interpret and make meanings from media content. Key concepts of the critical approach include ideology, culture, hegemony, and how media representations maintain dominant social values.
Ch 2 silde presentation[1]
The document discusses the various roles and functions of the media, including providing political, economic, and social information to the public. It also covers evaluating different types of media, the importance of ethics and accuracy in journalism, and principles like objectivity and fairness that journalists should follow. Maintaining credibility by reporting only facts and giving subjects a chance to respond are emphasized.
Bull in the Ring Presentation
This document discusses the debate around advocacy journalism versus traditional notions of objectivity and neutrality in journalism. It provides definitions of key terms like objectivity, neutrality, and investigative reporting. It argues that notions of neutrality conflict with the inherent judgement calls of investigative reporting. The document also notes how advocacy journalism has historical roots in muckraking and provides modern examples. It defends advocacy journalism by arguing it can serve the greater good and benefit the public through transparency and as a supplement, not replacement, for traditional journalism.
Chapter 2: Perspectives on Mass Communication
The document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 2 on perspectives of mass communication. It describes three main approaches: 1) The functional approach examines how audiences use media and benefits received. 2) The critical/cultural approach analyzes underlying power relationships and interpretations found in media. 3) The empirical approach uses social science techniques to study media effects. It then focuses on explaining the functional approach and how it analyzes why people consume media and what needs it fulfills such as cognition, diversion, social utility, affiliation, expression, and withdrawal.
Chapter 2: Perspectives on Mass Communication
The document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 2 on perspectives of mass communication. It describes three main approaches: 1) The functional approach examines how audiences use media and benefits received. 2) The critical/cultural approach analyzes underlying power relationships and interpretations. 3) The empirical approach uses social science techniques to study media effects. It then focuses on explaining the functional approach and how it analyzes why people consume media to fulfill needs like cognition, diversion, social utility, affiliation, expression, and withdrawal.
Week 1
This document provides an overview of the first week of a journalism class. It includes introductions from the instructor and information about textbooks. It discusses the purposes of journalism such as building community and acting as a watchdog. It notes challenges facing journalism like fragmented audiences and disrupted economic models. It outlines theories like the interlocking public. It also summarizes elements of journalism such as verifying information and maintaining independence. Finally, it provides direction for upcoming class activities like presentations and establishing blogs.
Shura - Discussion: How The American News Media Reports Stories Related to Is...
Honors Thesis Presentation: How The American News Media Reports Stories Related to Islam and Its Impacts on Muslims Living in the United States by Maral Cavner
What is news? Elements of Newsworthiness
Millennials are strong news consumers who primarily get their news through social media like Facebook rather than traditional sources. A study found that over 60% of millennials regularly keep up with news online, with news ranking as the third most frequent online activity. While traditional news values focus on timeliness, prominence, proximity, and other factors, digital media is evolving news through participatory and shareable elements. Stories like Kony 2012 show how user participation can drive news spread online. The document discusses different types of news and encourages selecting news topics to curate through tools like Storify.
Media Ethics
This presentation is for use when covering media ethics in an introductory mass media course. Includes media organization ethics, the need for ethics, types of ethics, ethical media examples.
Lecture, Curation Journalism
This document discusses news curation as a form of journalism. It defines news curation and differentiates it from traditional journalism. Both arguments for and against news curation as a journalistic practice are presented. Best practices for ethical news curation are outlined, including properly attributing sources and adding original value. The role of news curators as network gatekeepers is explored through media theory. Legal issues around news curation are still developing as court cases progress. Overall, the document aims to educate on news curation while encouraging thoughtful consideration of related ethical issues.
Codes of ethics in journalism
Codes of ethics are meant to guide journalists and ensure truth, accuracy, impartiality and other standards. They help journalists deal with ethical dilemmas and provide accountability. The codes emphasize getting facts right, presenting all sides, maintaining credibility, and correcting errors. Case studies show how codes can be applied, such as protecting sources in the Watergate story or deciding whether to publish a decades-old accusation before an election. Overall, codes are intended to support ethical journalism and avoid issues like paid news or unnecessary religious provocation.
Tuesday Nov. 29 2016 journalism slides
This document summarizes the key topics and assignments from a journalism ethics class. It discusses reviewing ethics guidelines from the Center for Investigative Reporting on issues like anonymous sources, misrepresentation, and undercover work. It also covers a chapter on deception in reporting. Upcoming assignments include analyzing a journalist's Twitter use and presenting a summary of each student's final ethics paper.
Communication Theories
This document provides an overview of several communication theories including:
1. Agenda-setting theory which suggests that media influences what issues the public considers important.
2. Uses and gratification theory which examines how audiences actively use media to fulfill needs like information, identity, and entertainment.
3. Cultivation theory proposes that heavy television viewing shapes peoples' perceptions of social reality in ways that reflect what is portrayed on TV.
4. Gatekeeping theory describes how media professionals control the flow of information reaching the public by selecting which stories to publish or air.
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Fall 2020 JOU 1000 First Class Presentation for week of October 12, 2020
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The document discusses an exercise used to teach students about the role of assignment editors. In the exercise, students are put in charge of assigning news crews to breaking news stories under tight deadlines before a newscast. They must decide which crews and equipment to use for each story. The goal is to teach students skills like time management, logistical thinking, and decision making under pressure.
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This document outlines a real-time reporting assignment for students where they use mobile devices and apps to report on an unfolding news event during class time. It discusses preparing students with individual research assignments before the reporting day, assigning teams to report during class, and requiring tweets to share updates. After reporting, the class reviews the coverage and discusses lessons learned about real-time reporting and mobile journalism. Students found the experience simulated the pressure of real reporting and helped produce engaged work.
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The document discusses Edward R. Murrow's decline in the late 1950s and early 1960s which included the loss of his Alcoa sponsorship, the cancellation of his show "See It Now", and the production of "Harvest of Shame". It also discusses his famous 1958 speech to the Radio Television News Directors Association where he warned about television being used just for profits. Murrow then took a sabbatical before being appointed by JFK to the United States Information Agency, and he later died of lung cancer in 1965.
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Week 10 handout
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Ethical journalism
- 1. Ethics Sydney Carlson, Austin Slade, Melanie Miles, Porter Ellett
- 2. Media Effects & Media Theory ● Magic Bullet/Hypodermic Needle Theory ● Limited Effects Theory ● Two-Step Flow Theory ● Spiral of Silence Theory ● Agenda Setting Theory ● Third-Person Effect Theory
- 4. Agenda Setting According to Cohen "The mass media may not be successful much of the time in telling people what to think, but they are stunningly successful in telling their audience what to think about." -Bernard Cohen
- 5. Agenda Setting & Spiral of Silence ● Princess Diana, OJ Simpson Michael Jackson Trials ● Voice for the voiceless ● Nixon: Silent Majority?
- 6. Approaches to Objectivity Detachment - from stories and people in stories Fairness & Balance Absence of Interpretation Scientific Method - content analysis, sample surveys Stenography - recording what is said & repeating it back
- 7. Ethics & Journalists Journalists worry about being fair and harming innocents Jan Wong - "Get Under the Desk" in The Globe and Mail
- 9. Society of Professional Journalists & Their Code of Ethics Members share a dedication to ethical behavior Should be honest, fair and courageous Treat sources, subjects and colleagues with respect Free of obligation to any interest other than public's right to know Accountable to audience
- 10. Credibility: Ethics in Story Finding Journalists are faced with moral and ethical questions when searching for stories 1. "Under-cover" role acceptable? 2. Always identify as journalist? What counts as "crossing the line" in order to get a news story?
- 11. For Example, CNN. CNN: setting out "stake-out camera" at the Whitney Houston funeral. Is this ethical? View individuals' responses on Twitter.
- 13. Journalist's ethical challenge ● The Most difficult ethical challenge faced by Journalists: >>Get the Facts Right. >>Tell the Story Fairly.
- 14. Ethics + Politics = ??? ● "You cannot legislate a journalist's political beliefs." >>Keep their views to themselves. >>Remain impartial.
- 16. For Example, FOX news ● FOX news' aggressive investigation into ACORN scandal and Pay Czars. ● 2009: Obama discredits FOX news as a "news source" and attempts to ban them from the White House Pool. ● Isn't investigation and fact-checking a central role for journalists?
- 17. Newsroom Diversity •The power of appeal:
- 19. Leaders in Diversity •Arlene Notoro Morgan •Peter Bhatia •Joe Hight: “Gosh, I wish journalists would realize the First Amendment provides journalists with many rights, but it does not give us the right to trample on the lives of innocent people.”
- 20. Business and Journalism •A power struggle: