The document outlines key ethical considerations in academic writing, emphasizing the importance of acknowledging sources to avoid plagiarism and promoting inclusivity and respect in writing. It discusses various ethical issues in data collection, including privacy, consent, data security, and the need for transparency and adherence to legal standards. Effective citation practices and the use of plagiarism checkers are highlighted as essential tools for maintaining academic integrity.

1. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
FUNDAMENTALS OF ACADEMIC WRITING
Jerwin G. Mojico
MAED-ELT

2. 1.Identify key ethical considerations
in Academic Writing
2.Examine common ethical issues in
academic writing.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:

8. Ethical considerations in academic
writing involve adhering to
standards and practices that ensure
the integrity and credibility of your
work.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
IN ACADEMIC WRITING

9. 1.Ethical writing is writing that clearly
indicates (via documentation)
where source material has been
incorporated into one’s own writing.
ETHICAL WRITING AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

10. 2. Ethical writing is also
writing that acknowledges a
range of perspectives on an
issue.
ETHICAL WRITING AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

11. 3. Ethical writing is writing with a
level of inclusion, respect, and
acknowledgement of diversity
ETHICAL WRITING AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

12. 4. The importance of ethical writing, then,
is based not only upon the avoidance of
plagiarism, but also avoiding the
weaknesses of bias and exclusive language
(sexist, racist, homophobic, etc.) This
strengthens the credibility and
persuasiveness of the writer’s argument
ETHICAL WRITING AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

13. According to University of Oxford,
Plagiarism is defined as
presenting work or ideas from
another source as your own, with
or without consent of the original
author, by incorporating it into
your work without full
acknowledgement.
PLAGIARISM AND HOW TO AVOID IT?

14. One of the most common ways
that students commit plagiarism
is by simply forgetting where an
idea came from and
unintentionally presenting it as
their own. You can easily avoid
this pitfall by keeping your notes
organized and compiling a list of
citations as you go.
1. Keep track of the sources you
consult in your paper.

15. Quoting means copying a
piece of text word for
word. The copied text
must be introduced in
your own words, enclosed
in quotation marks, and
correctly attributed to the
original author.
2. Paraphrasing or quoting from
your sources

16. Original text
“Arts and culture undoubtedly flourished in
the ’20s as a shared American pop culture
emerged thanks to the advent of radio
broadcasting, widely circulated magazines
and movies” (Thulin, 2021).

17. In the 1920s, arts and culture undoubtedly
flourished in the US due to the advent of radio
broadcasting, widely circulated magazines and
movies.
In the 1920s, “arts and culture undoubtedly flourished”
in the US due to “the advent of radio broadcasting,
widely circulated magazines and movies” (Thulin,
2021).

18. Paraphrasing means using your own
words to explain something from a
source.
Paraphrasing does not mean just
switching out a few words from a copy-
pasted text. To paraphrase properly,
you should rewrite the author’s point in
your own words to show that you have
fully understood it.
2. Paraphrasing or quoting from
your sources

19. Original text
“Plastics harm wildlife in myriad ways,
many of which scientists are just beginning
to grasp. When birds, fish and other larger
animals eat plastics, the material can get
tangled up inside their bodies and cause
damage; plastics can also make animals
feel falsely full, so they stop eating”
(Dzombak, 2021).

20. Paraphrased
Scientists are still learning the extent to which
plastics harm animals. According to Dzombak
(2021), ingesting plastic can lead to internal
damage if it gets tangled when swallowed,
and can also lead animals to feel falsely full.
Both prevent them from getting the nutrients
they need.

21. Every time you quote or paraphrase, you
must include an in-text or footnote citation
clearly identifying the original author. Each
citation must corresponds to a full reference
in the reference list or bibliography at the
end of your paper.
This acknowledge the source of your
information, avoiding plagiarism, and it
helps your readers locate the source for
3. Crediting the original author in an in-text
citation and your reference list.

22. There are many different citation styles,
each with its own rules. A few common
styles are APA, MLA, and Chicago. Your
instructor may assign a particular style
for you to use, or you may be able to
choose. The most important thing is to
apply one style consistently throughout
the text.

23. The example below follow APA style.
• Citing a single source
In-text citation:
The novel’s central theme is voiced by Cersei Lannister: “when
you play the game of thrones you win or you die. There is no
middle ground. (Martin, 2002, p. 403).
Reference list:
Martin, G. R. R. (2002). A game of thrones (Reprinted.) Bantam.

24. • Citing multiple source
In-text citation:
Martin’s narrative can be read as a classic “zero-sum game” (Morgenstern and
Von Neumann, 1980, p.98), where players in the “game of thrones” either “win
or …die” (Martin, 2002, p. 403), with no other outcomes possible.
Reference list:
Martin, G. R. R. (2002). A game of thrones (Reprinted.) Bantam.
Morgenstern, O., & Von Neumann, J. (1980). Theory of the game and economic
behavior (3rd
ed.). Princeton University Press.

25. Most universities use plagiarism checkers
like turnitin to detect potential plagiarism.
Plagiarism checkers scan your document,
compare it to a database of webpages and
publications, and highlight passages that
appear similar to other texts.
4. Use a plagiarism checker

26. Consider using a plagiarism checker yourself
before submitting your paper. This allows you
to identify issues that could constitute
accidental plagiarism such as:
• Forgotten or misplaced citations
• Missing quotation marks
• Paraphrased material that’s too similar to
the original text

27. Ethical issues in data
collection and
reporting

28. In data collection, ‘ethics’ refers to
the moral standards that
researchers must adhere to, to
ensure that their data collection is
fair, thorough, and does not take
advantage of participants or
sources.
Ethical issues in data collection
and reporting

29. 1. Privacy concerns
With the capacity to collect vast amounts of
personal information, protecting individual
privacy becomes a significant challenge.
Organizations must navigate the fine line
between collecting necessary data and
intruding into personal lives.
Ethical issues in data collection
and reporting

30. 2. Consent
Obtaining informed consent is a foundational
ethical principle. But it’s often difficult to
implement effectively. Many users agree to
terms and conditions without fully
understanding them, raising questions about
the validity of their consent.
Ethical issues in data collection
and reporting

31. 3. Data Security
Safeguarding digital information throughout
its entire life cycle to protect it from
corruption, theft, or unauthorized access.
Ex. The Equifax incident where sensitive
information of over 140 million people was
exposed, highlight the risk involved in
handling large datasets.
Ethical issues in data collection
and reporting

32. 4. Bias and representation
When collecting data , you need to be as
impartial as possible. You should also ensure
that your own beliefs and biases do not impact
your perception of data.
Ethical issues in data collection
and reporting

33. 5. Transparency and accountability
Maintaining transparency in how data is collected, used,
and shared is challenging but essential for ethical
compliance. The challenge lies in communicating complex
data practices in a comprehensible manners to users.
Ex. Google street view case, where google was criticized
for collecting more data than disclosed. Including WI-FI
network details.
Ethical issues in data collection
and reporting

34. 6. Legal and regulatory compliance
Compliance requires constant vigilance and
adaptation to evolving legal standards.
Ethical issues in data collection
and reporting

35. 7. Respect for Intellectual Property
Data collection practices should respect
intellectual property rights, including copyright.
Unauthorized collection or use of copyrighted
materials without proper licensing or
permission can infringe upon creator’s rights
and devalue their work.
Ethical issues in data collection
and reporting

36. 8. Acknowledgement
When collecting data that includes copyrighted
materials, proper attribution and
acknowledgement of the original creators or
rights holders should be provided. Failing to
give credit to the appropriate sources can be
considered unethical and disrespectful.
Ethical issues in data collection
and reporting

37. References:
https://www.kent.edu/stark/ethical-writing-reliable-sources
https://wwwscribbr.com/plagiarism/how-to-avoid-plagiarism/
http://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/English/research-and-composition/ethical-issues-in-data-col
ection/

38. Thank You!
Happy Writing!