Essay On Signs Of A Hidden Mice Infestation

Essay On Signs Of A Hidden Mice Infestation
Signs Your Home Is Infested With Mice And How An Inspection Helps Get Rid Of Them You can
have an infestation of mice in your home and never see one of the creatures darting around, but they
will leave clues. If you do see the mice, especially during the daytime, that could indicate you have
a particularly bad infestation. Whether you've seen mice or not, you should take steps to eliminate
them since they are unsanitary pests. Start with an inspection by a rodent professional. Here's when
to suspect you have a mouse problem and why having a professional inspection is important. Signs
Of A Hidden Mice Infestation Mice are usually most active at night when activity in your home has
settled down. When your home is otherwise quiet, you may hear their claws scraping inside the
walls as they scurry around. They might make chirping or squeaking noises. You can even hear them
gnawing on wood or other objects. Noises may come from the attic, behind walls, inside the
cupboards, or behind the refrigerator. If the mice are particularly active, you may hear them knock
things off shelves and tables as they hunt for food. Besides unusual sounds, bad odors are another
indicator of a mice infestation. You ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is vital because their entry points must be sealed or the mice will keep coming back. Another
part of the inspection is to look for mice droppings and signs of damage. This helps the inspector
determine if the rodent is a mouse or rat and how many animals could be present. The inspection
will include walking around the perimeter of your home looking for signs of activity where the mice
enter as well as inspecting the inside of your home in secluded areas such as inside cabinets and in
the attic. With all the information gained during an inspection, the pest control company can devise
an effective means of eliminating the mice from your
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The Active Pixel Sensor Of Digital Cameras
Photodiode Active Pixel Sensor in Digital Cameras
Basic Working and Modes of Operation
Aronee Dasgupta
Telecommunication Department
RV College of Engineering
Bangalore, India aronee2008@live.com Bharghav Ram
Telecommunication Department
RV College of Engineering
Bangalore, India bhargavrammv@yahoo.co.in Abstract–Digital cameras have become extremely
common as the prices have reduced. One of the drivers behind the falling prices has been the
introduction of CMOS image sensors. Integrating a CCD sensor is very difficult with existing
CMOS technology while a CMOS sensor. On the other hand CMOS sensors can be very
conveniently integrated with the silicon substrate. The main objective of this essay is to provide
information about active pixel sensors.
Introduction
The market for image sensors are showing an enormous increase in sales and developments of
digital cameras and mobile phone cameras. Imaging sensors are mainly of two types:
complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors and charge couple device (CCD)
sensors. Active pixel sensors (APS) are the emerging sensors for the replacement of existing and
widely used charged couple device (CCD) sensors. There is a constant drive in researchers to
develop APS sensors which have more sensitivity have lower marginal noise faster operation and
can capture greater detail. The reason for using an active pixel sensor and not a passive pixel sensor
is that passive pixel sensors are very noisy as there are no

Hearing Loss In Canada
The world is full of noise and excessive noise exposure can cause hearing loss. There is more than
360 million of people are suffering from hearing losses (WHO) and in Canada, around 20% of the
population of the total peoples have this problem (Static Canada). The reason for increasing the
amount of hearing loss is because of the growing number of older people and the uncontrolled
sounds. However, the static Canada shows us that, nearly 42 % peoples are at a risk of noise–
induced hearing loss (NIHL), would benefit from putting hearing protection device (HPD). NIHL is
becoming more common nowadays and two factors are more important to damage our inner and
outer hair cell that is sound pressure level and the duration of exposed this noise by ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are two types of HPDs are available i.e. passive HPDs and active HPDs. In passive hearing
protection, devices provided constant and steady noise attenuation while active hearing protection
devices give communication facility, noise reduction, and amplitude technique. The conventional
passive HPDs reduce the signal power by a fixed amount and do not consider the decibel level and
also do not consider either to be speech signal or the noise. This type of earmuffs and earplugs
interfere the speech communication. There are two types technology for active hearing aids are
presented in the market i.e. analog and digital. The digital signal processing (DSP) provides some
advantages over analog processing such as speed, accuracy, easy to carry out, and flexibility.
Although so many years have passed, first implemented the DSP algorithms in the HPDs, the user is
still not satisfied with the hearing aids and still facing disadvantages, the main reason is these
devices unable to simulate with the human auditory system properly

A Simulation System Platform For Designing And Debugging...
In recent years autonomous underwater vehicles have come under the light for their vast
applications. To acquire improvement in autonomous underwater vehicle's (AUV) applications
vehicle autonomy, underwater communications, motion control, dynamics modeling as well as
simulation system is neede3d to be touched. These issues are needed to be resolved through a spiral
development process which is included at sea experimentation. To provide a simulation system
platform for designing and debugging problems of motion controller, a 3–Degree of Freedom (3–
DOF) dynamic model for AUV is examined. Based on a dynamic model controlled by thruster and
fin with appendages, a simulation system is established and motion performance is analyzed. Also
an implementation of active submarine warfare is tested. Signal processing capabilities and adaptive
behavior were analyzed via simulation. The results demonstrate that AUV has good maneuverability
with or without appendages. The implications for underwater surveillance are discussed in both
simulation and experimental context.
Key Words
Autonomous underwater vehicle; Target localization, tracking and on–board processing; motion
performance and dynamic modeling; behavior based robotics; simulation system
Introduction
The interest and research works based on autonomous underwater vehicle has increased a lot in
recent years. Because of the mass applications of AUVs for security, maintenance as well as under
water research works it is really

The Plan For Public Health And Safety
The next component of the General Plan is the plan for public health and safety which addresses
issues of: Geology and Seismicity, Flooding and Drainage, Noise, Air Installation Land Use
Compatibility, Hazardous Materials, Crime Prevention and Protection Services, Fire Prevention and
Suppression Services, Disaster Preparedness, Emergency Medical Facilities. The issue of geology
and seismicity is important to the Lancaster area at large due to its location being less than ten miles
south of the San Andreas Fault. Major earthquakes in the area present a problem for citizen's safety
and possible property damage. A similar issue is that of flooding and drainage. Because Lancaster
exists within a valley and is relatively flat, the area is prone to flooding. One of the current
propositions is to include flood water basins. The water basins to mitigate for the 100 year flood are
essentially large ditches on the corner of neighborhood streets. When a water basin sits in the middle
of a neighborhood it is not a functional part of the surrounding environment and can become an
eyesore in a community. This probably causes the NIMBY–ism around water basins, no matter how
beneficial they may be. Noise is a very prevalent issue in Lancaster, due to the amount of
aeronautical activity conducted on EAFB. The City has rezoned the flight area in order to decrease
the amount of overhead flights in the urbanized areas. This plan is mimicked in the Air Installation
Land Use Compatibility portion.

The Digital Satellite Communication Systems
Digital Satellite Communication Systems by Nwodo Nenne
(Matriculation Number: 130805063)
Department of Computer Sciences
University of Lagos
(Ref: CSC422/2014–15)
Abstract
Digital satellite communications is conducted in a bandwidth and power limited system of noise
contributors, filters, nonlinear amplifiers, and adjacent channel interference.
The objective of this paper is to investigate modern digital satellite communication systems. In this
paper, the readers mind will be opened to the overall system architecture, identifying all types of
filters, amplifiers, and modulation techniques in a system involving a transmitting earth terminal and
up–link, a satellite transponder, and a down–link and receiving earth terminal which includes the
receivers.
The growing need/use of satellite communications and constant technological evolvement proves
the significance of this paper in modern day telecommunications.
The introduction unit gives the reader a perfect initiation to satellites and its applications. This is
succeeded by a brief history of digital satellite communication systems.
All the units in this paper will help to clearly discuss the digital satellite communication systems.
Each unit takes a particular subject concerning said topic and expatiates on it.
Introduction
The oxford dictionary meaning of a satellite is stated as follows: "an artificial body placed in orbit
round the earth or another planet in order to collect information or for communication."

Pros And Cons Of Using CMOS
. EXPERIENCE WITH CMOS IMAGE SENSORS (AFTER THE YEAR 1990)
MOS technology has shown promising results for electrode preparation but has certain limitations of
decrease in threshold voltage due to mismatch in charge components, and thinner gate oxide [114].
CMOS technology has not only reduced these problems but also gained popularity over its counter
parts of microphotodiodes and CCD [17]. Unlike the initial trials of obtaining the phosphenes
stimulation, placement of retinal tissues, use of appropriate biomaterials, electrode impedance
characterization, choice of right patients, researchers had started working in feature enhancement of
retinal implants using the CMOS technology especially after 1997. Table 3 compares the two
popular, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Scaling of number of electrodes using digital pads with flexible design had increased the reliability,
testability and safety of the epiretinal implant proposed in [123] with high innocuousness.
The path changing journey of CMOS–APS had started in 2008, when Joachim N. Burghartz et al
[05] implanted the first automated imager chip into patient's eye, following were the major
contributions reported:
Low cost and disposable photodiode made of Thin–Film–on–CMOS (TFC).
High dynamic range (HDR).
Extended range of 120dB utilizing the linear to logarithmic transformation of photocurrent in to
sense signal voltage with compromise on contrast and brightness [124].
Later on counting method to enhance the scalability of the implanted device was the novel technique
suggested in [125], all the desired features like high dynamic range, higher speed, lower cost and
good sensitivity at the cost of complexity was achieved with the time domain counting scheme.
A novel approach of 0.8V 4096 pixel integrated sense and stimulus CMOS image sensor with
balanced current mode stimulator and photon to biphasic current converter was proposed in [126].
The proposed approach utilized the three operating modes i.e. test mode, programming mode and
implant mode for obtaining different results like verification, electrical stimulation and fully
functional chip operation. The authors claimed the higher resolution of 4096 pixel with power

Low Frequency Noise And Its Effects On Community Health
Environment consist of noise from aircraft, motor vehicle, and trains which collectively contribute
to the noise created in the surrounding. In urban setting, car horns, boom–cars, car alarms and public
transit system may be the concern. In suburban setting noise pollution can be initiated from leaf
blowers, barking dogs, and other power equipments. adverse health effects appear in relation to total
noise exposure from all sources rather than a single source. Low–frequency noise is strong
immediate concern because of its pervasive nature as it arises from multiple sources. Adverse health
effects from low–frequency noise are more severe than any other form of community noise.
VULNERABLE GROUPS The vulnerability may be referred to the susceptibility of a person,
society, group, society or system to the physical or emotional injury or attack. Also, it has been
described to the degree at which the people, resources, property system and cultural, environmental
and social, and economic activity are susceptible to harm, destruction or degradation on being
exposed to an agent or a factor. Groups at risk as mentioned in the literature are the children, the
elderly, the chronically ill and people with hearing impairment. The other group of people is those of
sensitive persons, shift workers, people with mental illness like schizophrenia or autism, fetuses and
neonates and people suffering from tinnitus5. RECOMMENDATION Noise is an important public
health concern that can lead to

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Resonance
Advantages:
Harmonic reduction is possible.
Undesirable harmonics are absent.
Reactive power compensation is possible.
Disadvantages:
Resonance with line impedance occurs.
Tuning frequency is less accurate and requires a lot of calculations.
It cannot be used when harmonic components vary randomly.
Heavy and bulky.
3.1.2 Active Filters: It inject equal and opposite harmonics onto the power system to cancel those
generated by other equipment. Remarkable advances in the field of power electronics had sparked
interest in APF for harmonic distortion mitigation. The basic technology of APF is to use power
electronics technologies to produce the harmonic current components such that the source will
supply only the fundamental part of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(4) Fast acting.
(5) Good filtering action for large range of frequencies.
APF is basically of two types. They are (i) Shunt APF (ii) Series APF
(i) Shunt APF
This type of configuration is widely used in active filtering applications. A shunt APF has a
controllable voltage or current source. Fig. 3.4 demonstrates principal configuration of a voltage
source inverter based APF which the most common type of shunt APF today. It is based on the
principle of injection of harmonic current equivalent to the distorted current waveform, thus
eliminating the original distorted current. This is connected in shunt with the distribution line
through an interfacing inductor. Fig. 3.4: Basic configuration of Shunt APF
(ii) Series APF
Basic principle of this type of configuration is isolation of harmonics in between nonlinear load and
source. The basic configuration is similar with shunt APF, except that interfacing inductor is
replaced by an interfacing transformer, where the injection of harmonic voltage occurs. It is
otherwise known as a harmonic isolator, which offers zero impedance to the fundamental and
infinite impedance to the harmonic frequency components. Fig. 3.5 demonstrates the basic
configuration of a series APF. Series APF is suitable for improving the quality of the distribution
source

Sleep Patterns
NEONATAL SLEEP The neonatal or special care nursery environment is one of variable but
constant movement, light and noise. Such an environment is not conducive to the entrainment of
good sleep habits. Discuss the impact this environment has on preterm infants in terms of their
neuropsychological development and sleep patterns. Consider the longer term implications, and the
measures that can be taken to minimise or overcome these. By Nidhi Introduction In this topic we
will discuss how various levels of light, noise and constant movement in the NICU (Neonatal
Intensive Care Unit) ward environment have impact on the neuropsychological and sleep patterns of
preterm infants. Several previous studies have contended that the levels of light and ... Show more
Different authors looked at different variables as well as used their own methods in reducing light,
noise and movement. Comparing all of the studies, it was difficult to find any strong patterns or
consistencies between studies apart from the inclusion of light in more than one study. It is evident
that in this field, different researchers have analysed different variables and used different methods,
which makes it challenging to fully solve this problem in preterm infants. In terms of the overall
hypothesis, there is inconclusive evidence and not enough studies done in the area about the effect,
if any, of light and noise on the neuropsychological development and sleep patterns on preterm
infants. Despite the limited number of studies on the variable of movement, all researchers agreed
that movement (tactile/kinaesthetic stimulation) had positive effects on a range of developmental
outcomes of preterm infants. Ultimately, the fact that Physicians have complained about the
detrimental impact of unacceptable high levels of these variables in the environment of the NICU
ward, and nothing has been done to change it yet paints a very bleak picture for the neonatal preterm
infants of the future. Only two studies suggested new solutions for this ongoing problem, but yet
again none of these have been tried, tested or proven in real cases. The fact that there are barely any
studies done on the variable of constant movement makes problems in this field of research even
more challenging to solve, hence the need for further interest and research on the specific variables
of constant movement, light and noise if we are going to provide and create a healthier NICU
environment and future for our next

Essay On Saving Energy
Saving Energy While Improving Comfort and Productivity In actuality, well–designed, naturally–
ventilated buildings lead to profitability in many ways. They have the potential to cut energy use of
air–conditioned buildings in half . Access to fresh air also results in better employee outputs. Natural
ventilation can increase productivity by up to 11 percent , showing that the profitability of a
building's design can be tied directly to the workforce inside. There's also the satisfaction derived
from self–assessed productivity and the perception of control according to Adrian Leaman and Bill
Boardass, as well as a deeper connection to the outdoors . In addition to a sense of well–being,
employees in naturally–ventilated buildings are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Studies have shown that these kinds of devices can save on annual energy costs by 40 percent . 2.
Powered Window Actuators: We have them in cars, so why not in buildings? Taking measurements
of various conditions inside and outside a building, such as wind speed, dust particulate volume, and
temperature levels, sensors can be programmed to open vents automatically at various positions to
suit specific conditions. These devices are cost effective, as a single sensor can control a number of
vents. Window actuators allow a machine–based approach to open windows when conditions are
ideal or when the building's design prevents human access to hard–to–reach vents. By introducing a
simple device with a programmed algorithm, the efficiency of the HVAC system can be instantly
improved. 3. Monsoon Windows: For office buildings in the tropics, windows have to be closed
when it rains heavily, which results in shutting off airflow. With monsoon windows , a rain sensor
closes windows when it rains, however there is still airflow into the interior. 4. Full fresh air mode:
just like with cars where one can turn off the AC and have the fan on outside air mode left on, the
mechanical systems in offices can be designed to have a 'full fresh air' mode. The windows can of
course be left open to flush out internal heat gains and humidity. 5. Night Ventilation Cooling: In the
sub–tropics, where the outdoor temperature in the evening is generally lower, night ventilation

A Mechanical Workshop With One Manager Employing 5...
Report on the accident that happened in a Mechanical Workshop with one manager employing 5
fulltime employees. Executive summary A mechanical metal workshop was experiencing an
economic downturn and the manager decided to change course to turn things round by taking on a
large metal fabrication works stream that became very busy though in a tight space, profit being the
main motive. Mr Pauls, a 45 year old man was employed on a "back to work "scheme after a five
year period of unemployment to learn how to use workshop skills like welding, cutting, drilling and
use of the lathe. An accident happened involving Mr Pauls who was burnt by a solvent on his hand
in addition to a sustained injury to his back while rushing to move a large welded ... Show more
The sequences of events regarding accident causation are explained in a one dimension by both
models of Heinrich and Bird (Kjellen, 1987, HSC, 1983). Reason (1990) introduced by the end of
the 1980s the causality of accidents in numerous formats. He saw the involvement and active
participation by the management on top as a key ingredient in the avoidance of interaction of active
and latent failures in the causation of accidents. Causes of accidents are easily identified from active
failures. Whereas instances of poor design, lack of training and gaps in supervision that are
inherently latent failures in organisations are usually present for many years in the system but tend
to be hidden and hard to detect. Investigation of a complex accident needs a comprehensive
combination of methods to be used as the areas of application have deficiencies and different
qualities. There are many underlying factors at work that lead to accidents usually neglected because
at times they are minor but only come to light when they result into serious damage to health and/or
death. All accidents at work must be investigated irrespective of their size (www.hse.gov.uk). The
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, S2(1)(2) imposes a duty on all employers to ensure workers'
safe premises, safe working conditions and adequate welfare services and public health as
reasonably practicable. Events based on what, who, how and when were thoroughly looked to
establish the

Sensors And Instrumentation
An Introduction to Sensors and Instrumentation
Chapter 1 Introduction to Sensors and Transducers
Instrumentation is defined as the art and science of measurement and control which is considered as
working with instruments used to measure, record, and control process variables (for examples, fluid
level and flow, temperature, and pressure). Control and measurement systems are very widely used
in the petroleum product (oil and gas) industries, chemical and fertilizer industry, the pulp and paper
industry, power generation, food processing and several other complex process. Control systems
have attained significant applications in automotive industrial processes for the improved
productivity, conserved entry, and reduced pollution. Instrumentation and control systems continue
to be an extremely important field of technology with the rapid growth of industrial sector.
Instruments are devices which are used to measure attributes of physical systems. The variable
measured includes practically any measurable variable (called measurand) related to the physical
sciences. These variables commonly include: Electrical quantities such as voltage, current ,
frequency ,resistance etc Non – Electrical quantities like ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Basically it is a sensing device by which a physical, mechanical or optical quantity to be measured is
transformed directly into an electrical signal (such as current, voltage and frequency) with a suitable
mechanism,. The production of these signals is based upon electrical effects which may be resistive,
inductive, capacitive etc. in nature. The input versus output energy relationship takes a definite
reproducible function. The output to input and the output to time behavior are predictable to a
known degree of accuracy, sensitivity and response, within the specified environmental conditions.
Modern digital computers have made use of electrical transducers absolutely

Annotated Bibliography: Closed Eye Hallucination
Closed–eye hallucination
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding
citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2010)
Closed–eye hallucinations and closed–eye visualizations (CEV) are a distinct class of hallucination.
These types of hallucinations generally only occur when one's eyes are closed or when one is in a
darkened room. They can be a form of phosphene. Some people report closed–eye hallucinations
under the influence of psychedelics. These are reportedly of a different nature than the "open–eye"
hallucinations of the same compounds.
Contents [hide]
1 Levels of CEV perception
1.1 Level 1: Visual noise
1.2 Level 2: Light/dark flashes
1.3 Level 3: Patterns, motion, and color
1.4 Level 4: Objects and things
1.5 Level 5: Overriding physical perception
2 What is not a CEV
2.1 Image burn–in (afterimage)
2.2 Corneal liquid
2.3 Blue–sky sprites
2.4 Physical retinal stimulation
3 See also
4 References
Levels of CEV perception[edit]
There are five known levels of CEV perception which can be achieved either through chemical
stimuli or through meditative relaxation techniques. Level 1 and 2 are very common and often ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The retina can be made to produce light patterns of visual noise simply by one rubbing their eyes
somewhat forcefully in a manner that increases intraocular pressure. Additionally retinal noise can
be produced by touching near the rear of the eyeball producing pressure phosphenes (for example, if
one closes one's eyes, looks all the way left, and lightly touches the rightmost part of the eye socket,
this produces visual noise in the shape of a circle that appears at the left side of the visual field – a

practice that is neither painful nor dangerous). None of these are closed–eye hallucinations.[citation
needed][dubious –

Florence Nightingale : An Influential Nurse During The Mid...
Florence Nightingale was an influential nurse during the mid–1800s. Her revolutionary practices are
still being taught in nursing schools and are used in professional nursing practice today. Ms.
Nightingale is also credited with altering the public's view of nurses, as well as positively changing
the standards of nursing (Kelly, 2012). In Florence Nightingale's book, Notes on Nursing, she
integrates her knowledge on the art and science of nursing to the diverse subjects discussed. In each
chapter, Nightingale provides other essential qualities needed to be a good nurse by using the art and
science of nursing. I read chapters one, four, and thirteen and each of these chapters discusses a
different topic Nightingale finds essential to nursing. In chapter one, Noise and Ventilation, Florence
Nightingale discusses how to ventilate a patient's room without making it too chilled. Chapter four,
Noise, discusses the importance of a quiet environment to promote and stimulate patient's healing
and specific examples of how to go about providing a peaceful environment. In chapter thirteen,
Observation of the Sick, Florence Nightingale notes the importance observing of the patient.
In this paper, I will be discussing the influence Florence Nightingale has on nursing practice today. I
will discuss chapters one, four, and thirteen. From chapter one, I will be focusing on how Ms.
Nightingale increased room ventilation while maintaining a consistent warm temperature and how
this principal

Interpersonal Communication In The Case Of Dave Crainer
Communication is a crucial aspect of our everyday life. Today many of us people still lack on the
ability to communicate effectively within interpersonal relationships. Thru collaboration and
teamwork that effective communication occurs. To acquire great interpersonal relationship one must
first interact with others, which is called interpersonal communication. To build this relationship we
have first understand each other emotions. For example workers and cell leader should always know
their audience. Employers should have all the tools necessaries to get their message across from
meeting, email, office bulletin board. No matter how they chose to get the message across effective
communication is important.
In the case of Dave crainer there few barriers that would hinder the performance of the employees.
First barrier is the emotional barrier as the fear and mistrust among the employees would halt them
from communicating effectively. During ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Have more of a get together sessions outside of the office where they are expose to different people
and they tend to adjust to the environment and the culture. From Dave side he could also learn their
culture from books or internet so he will be more knowledgeable and able to communicate with
them in their common interest and have some mini celebrations in their office during Chinese festive
seasons. These are few things Dave would do to make them feel at home.
Perceptual Barrier is the most common problem faced these days is that of the difference in opinion
between two people. This may be due to Differing life experiences, interests and values may put a
stop to two employees from perceiving an event the same way. By doing so they may also come up
with incorrect solutions in the company which would hinder the company performance. what Dave
could do is to talk to individuals and give them ideas and feedbacks to lower the

A Brief Note On Traffic And Traffic Accidents Essay
Desai Gopal R. (130760119011),
Shingala Abhishek (130760119052),
Baldaniya Nilesh R. (140763119001),
Patel Yash S. (140763119009)
Nowadays, traffic and traffic accidents are one of the major problems of major countries. Because of
traffic accidents many lives are lost. Major reason of accidents is that people doesn't follow traffic
rules and places lives of their own, their family, and other people passing on road. So, it is essential
to find a solution that can force people to follow rules at most places if not all. So, objective of
automatic speed bump is as follow:
 To make a system which can force people to follow traffic rules.
 To make an alternative to conventional speed bump, which is more efficient and flexible for use.
 To make roads safer for Driver and pedestrians.
 To automate the process of traffic control.
The fabrication of automatic speed bump consists of following components
Speed bump body
Motorized linear actuator
Crank
Shaft
Bearing
Control system
Wires
Nuts and bolts
Also for preparation of these components some machines will be needed. Such as:
Lathe machine
Milling machine
Gas or Arc Welding etc.
Drivers are driving cars and bikes.
Traffic police officer is controlling the traffic.
Pedestrians are crossing the road.
Traffic signal is indicating the signal.
Auto and taxi owners are waiting for customers on side of the road.
Environment:
Traffic at cross roads
Traffic at school and hospital.
Traffic at

Environmental Impacts Of The Air : The Environmental...
The airplane is the greatest inventions of the human history at large. Flying higher and higher in the
air like birds had always been one of the dreams of humans since the beginning of time. The
continuous struggle by Wright Brothers, and many other flying enthusiasts astounded the world
when the dream of flying like birds became reality.
The aviation industry is experiencing a phenomenal growth, but it is also increasingly facing the
problems such as environmental issues. The environmental impacts of aircrafts are growing, which
include aircraft noise, dependency on natural resources and aircraft engine emissions. One of the
side effects we are going to discuss in this paper is noise pollution. Unit used to measure noise is
called decibels. For human beings, sounds above 85 decibels is considered harmful depending how
long the person is exposed to the sound.
Aircraft noise affects millions of people all around the world. Community living closer to the airport
is affected the most. Airport noise can be too dangerous to human as well as to wildlife. Airplanes
generates 150 decibels during takeoff which is 10 decibels louder than a gunshot. There are several
case studies where children whose schools are near the airport scored lower on their tests (O'Neil,
2002, F6) and their score significantly improved when they were moved to quieter location. There
are several complaints filed by the community people living near airport who have interference with
their speech, sleep problems, less concentration power and damage to hearing due the airplane noise
pollution. Studies have revealed a link between increased risk cardiovascular diseases and stroke
among people living in areas of regular high noise pollution [13], [14], [15], [16], [17].
Study performed by University of Agriculture and Ardhi University, Tanzania Student and Professor
group shows the measured noise level during take–off and landing at different locations (Waiting
lounge, Dispensary, School and Residential area) near airport reached average of 64.55 dBA during
landing and 63.2 dBA during take–off. They also collected community response to learn community
awareness on aircraft noise pollution on their health. 53% of the respondents were aware of the

Aircraft Engine Specialists Are Responsible For Repair And...
Aircraft Engine Specialists Required job knowledge: For this position, the knowledge of machines
and tools, which includes design, uses, benefits, repair, and maintenance, are required. It requires the
individuals with understanding of engineering and technology. The individuals should have
knowledge of physics, mathematics, public safety and security, computers and electronics, design
technics, transportation methods, law, government and jurisprudence, and telecommunications. They
should be able to provide instructional method and training. 3. Decision–making: The individuals
should have the judgement and decision making skills. It is very technical job and some decisions
are made on spot. Therefore, the Aircraft Engine Specialists ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
They should be able to make sure that every job is performed properly. Since the nature of this job is
very series and many lives depends on their accuracy of job performance, it is very important that
their job is exact and highly accurate. There should not be any consequence of error because a
mirror error can end up with taking many lives. Air Traffic Controllers The main tasks and
responsibilities of the Air Traffic Controllers are inform pilots about nearby planes or any hazardous
situation. They should be able to authorize the landing and take–off instructions. Control the
arriving flights and give the control of departing flights to traffic control. In case of emergency
landing, they should be able to provide flight path changes and directions, and also inform the
airport emergency service. The knowledge requirements for the Air Traffic Controllers are public
safety and security, transportation, customer and personal service. They should have knowledge of
different methods and principles of moving goods and people by air, and other forms of
transportation. They should be have active listening, speaking, and critical thinking skills. They
should be able to solve the complex problems too. The Air Traffic Controllers should be able to
make decision and solve problems. The information will be given to them and they should be
analyze, and evaluate the results to choose the best solution and make a good decision. According to
O'Net website, the decision

Intestones Research Paper
A rumbling, growling stomach can be a source of embarrassment. Borborygmi sounds seem much
louder to those experiencing the sounds. However, most of these noises are inaudible. When awake,
intestines rhythmically move as the walls contract and relax to mix food with fluids and move it
gently along. The occasional peristaltic wave may be heard as intestinal contents are moved. This is
what causes us to hear stomach noises.
Borborygmus, a rumbling or gurgling noise made by the movement of fluid and gas in the intestines,
is a normal phenomenon that can happen to anyone, anywhere (Dictionary.com, and Hofmeister).
Within the intestines, ingested fluids and solids are combined with about eight liters of enzyme–rich
fluid (IFFGD). Fluid moving through a tube is silent (IFFGD). It is only when there is air that it is
audible (IFFGD). In the intestine gases come from swallowed air and the release of hydrogen,
carbon dioxide, and some other gases by the bacterial evaporation of undigested food in the lower
gut (IFFGD). Even when inaudible to the owner, sounds may be heard by a doctor using a
stethoscope (IFFGD). While the movement of fluids and gases occurs at all levels, the most audible
sounds come from the stomach (IFFGD). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While transporting partially digested food, air gets shifted too (Hofmeister). This creates sound
vibrations (Hofmeister). In the small intestine and stomach, air makes noise like blowing bubbles
through a straw (Hofmeister). This air is moving either towards the stomach or toward the buttocks
(Hofmeister). Being hungry causes more muscle contractions flare, because the digestive system
must clear out remains of the last meal eaten to prepare for the next foods (Hofmeister). Eating can
help calm the contractions, also muffling the sounds

Burrowing owls often live in occupied prairie dog...
Burrowing owls often live in occupied prairie dog colonies. Researchers have proposed several
theories regarding why this occurs. One reason may be that owls avoid predation because they share
many of the same predators with black–tailed prairie dogs and the presence of the prairie dogs helps
to reduce predation. Another theory is that the burrowing owls live in active prairie dog colonies in
order to listen to the prairie dogs for cues on when a predator is near. This behavior has been
documented between other groups, usually mammals or reptiles responding to bird alarm calls. This
study aimed to show whether burrowing owls responded differently to prairie dog predator alarms
compared to other sounds, both biological and man made. To ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The burrowing owls' reactions were recorded on camera in order to analyze the number and rate of
responses to the different recordings. Only birds within 30 meters of the speakers were included in
the data. Alert responses were measured for the first 10 seconds of the stimulus broadcast to verify
that the bird continued to react beyond initial startling. Behaviors that were considered to be alert
behaviors included head turning, stretching to look up, vocalizing, and head bobbing. Relaxed
behaviors included sleeping, preening, yawning, and foraging. The behaviors were all noted during
the broadcast then categorized for data analysis. Statistical tests were performed to ensure that the
order of the sounds didn't affect results. The researchers also tested connections between nest
identity and observation location. Finally, they verified whether trials could be looked at
individually when the same nest was tested because the same individuals may have been observed
more than once. After all these statistical tests, the trials were adjusted to include the best results that
showed no confounding variables. The results showed that burrowing owls did increase alert
behaviors following a prairie dog alarm call. The alarm call produced a faster reaction than the
biological control sound of cows mooing and the reaction was sustained for a longer time period.

Puzzle Of Dreams Research Paper
Maliyah Malone
Cigler's 7th hour
Honors English 10
11 Oct. 2016 The Puzzle of Dreams
The mysterious, magical world of thoughts can be interesting to try to untangle. The mind's
subconscious is strange, enigmatic, and perplexing. It creates beautiful but also frightening realms of
fantasy; dreams. For decades, scientists have been attempting to discover all the intricate details that
pertain to dreams and their meaning. Dreaming is composed of many different aspects. Anything
and everything has to be taken into consideration when analyzing dreams. This is because almost
anything can affect a dream. No one quite understands it to a full extent, however, scientists
continue to study dreams and research what affects them. There is much depth about the way life
influences dreams.
Think about this. An imaginary world made up of memories and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
One way to have revieve good, quality sleep is to have a sleep routine. A tactic some use to ensure
interrupted sleep is having a constant background noise. For example, soothing noises often times
create a peaceful atmosphere during times of rest. "White" noises and "pink" noises are a great way
to calm the body down each night ("White, Pink, or Brown: Which Noise Helps You Sleep
Better?"). Some people enjoy pink noise; this could sound like pouring rain or a waterfall. Others
prefer white noise, ie. a fan blowing. A writer, Jessica Gross said in her article that when the body
shuts down at night, hearing is still active ("6 Things That Influence Your Dreams"). At certain
times, a sound can be incorporated into a dream. This is not a common occurrence; however, for this
to happen, the sound must be adequate volume, so it will not interrupt the phase of sleep ("White,
Pink, or Brown: Which Noise Helps You Sleep Better?"). Normally, a sleeping body will not wake
when its other four senses are

Activation of Protein Kinases by Means of Stochastic...
Short overview The current technology is based on protein kinase activation by means of stochastic
resonance mediated through pulsed electrical fields of very low signal strength. The mode of action
reveals how even small pulsed electrical fields can have a major influence on cellular function and
physiological consequences. It is well known that biological sensory systems transform analog
quantities such us pressure, temperature, electric fields (E–fields) etc. into trains of information. All
the features of systems exhibiting stochastic resonance were found to be present in cell signaling
systems which are intrinsically noisy, nonlinear threshold systems. We observed the effects of
pulsed electrical fields of intensity near that of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We visualize the mechanism as that of a working Brownian ratchet where transitions into a different
activated state can be favored. We observed that changing frequencies of E–fields causes enhanced
activation from 2 to 100 Hz and that higher frequencies cause reduced activation. Thus the system
fulfills the requirements of a stochastic resonance system with a '∩' shaped curve. Introduction:
Stochastic resonance (SR) occurs in a system with a threshold or barrier such as in a protein when a
correct input of information transfer (changes in specific electrical fields effecting charged particles
and signal–to–noise ratio) is maximized in the presence of a specific non–zero level of stochastic
input noise (such as randomly fluctuating electrical fields) thereby lowering the response threshold.
The system will then resonate at a particular noise level. Thus, stochastic resonance is a term which
describes that one time scale is established by the period of the external stimulus and the other by
the position to position switching rate induced by the stochastic process or noise. By this effect a
synchronization of a nonlinear system to a weak periodic signal can be enhanced by the presence of
random fluctuations. A weak periodic signal is one which cannot by itself produce switchin g
between positions in protein subunits. In such systems the essence of the signal enhancing effect of
SR can be understood in following way: In the absence of stimuli there are few and random

Journal Entry Reflection
In last week's journal entry I stated that this week PVEPD would be conducting active shooter
training, but the training is postponed for now. During this week's shifts, I finished the putting
together the emergency operation plan binders, cleaned the briefing room, and went to the
department's shooting range where I had the opportunity to shoot AR–15 and a Glock 22. I spent
both Monday and Tuesday's shift at the shooting in the basement of the police department. The
shooting range which is located underneath the department and can be accessed through the parking
garage. There are two rooms in the basement one room is storage for the gun range and the other
room is the actually shooting range. Each room requires a special type of key and passcode ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To disinfect and clean both the kitchen and briefing room I used Clorox wipes. So I started off
wiping all the handles on the cabinets and doors and then moved to the tables in briefing. Once I
knew that tables and all the handles were wiped down good I moved to wiping down the two phones
in briefing. In the kitchen, I washed the dishes that were in the sink and made a fresh pot of coffee. I
also wiped down the kitchen table and all the appliances in the kitchen. I also made sure to give the
kitchen phone a good wipe down as well. Once the cleaning part was done I emptied both the
kitchens and briefing trash cans in the dumpster

Bottle Sliping Persuasive Essay
Do you feel let down when you fail a bottle flip multiple times in a row? Do you seem to
unintentionally shift your focus when someone is bottle flipping around you? These issues are
common to the average teenager and can cause some problems to those attempting the bottle
flipping challenge and those around them. Overall, bottle flipping is a negative aspect that causes
frustration, depression, and a shift in focus.
Though most teenagers get excited when they hear the thud of a water bottle land, for adults, the
constant noise can add to their already inexplicably enormous stress. Picture this, if you constantly
hear a thud every five seconds, unless you were the cause or supporter, wouldn't you feel annoyed?
Most adults have many responsibilities, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is true, but not by much. Most children won't bottle flip for hours at a time, and there is also the
act of video taking and watching videos on this topic that increases the amount of time that children
spend on mobile devices. Even if you are one of the few people to spend multiple hours on bottle
flipping, it is of no use because that was many hours of wasted, precious time that you could have
devoted to doing something productive for yourself and others. The most bottle flips in a minute is
currently 62 (https://recordsetter.com/world–record/water–bottle–flips–onto–table–minute/49027).
Considering my former experience of attempting the flipping of the bottle, he must have spent a lot
of effort and time to achieve a pointless goal. In the end, bottle flipping doesn't make a difference in
electronic usage.
In conclusion, bottle flipping can result in frustration to adults, depression, and shift of focus. Some
people may say that it might help for not using electronics as much, and it is true, but not by enough
that it makes a difference and it still is a waste of time that could be put to use. For the most part,
bottle flipping is a complete waste of time to those who attempt it, so don't consider taking up a
challenge like

Environmental Contamination
The question lies does environmental contamination have a major effect on real estate properties?
Well environmental contamination turns out can cost the owner of the property or a potential buyer.
Environmental contamination on a property may have some implication on the on the property
value. Not only could potentially hurt the owner or potential buyer financially it could also do
physical damage to the property as well.
As a property owner or potential buyer they must be aware of what environmental contamination
can do to the property. There can be a range of things from toxic waste, noise pollution, the quality
of water and condemned properties. The risk of toxic waste left on or contaminates a property could
cause the property to sell at a lower price compared to similar properties. These toxic in ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It also has a lot to do with where these properties are located, most properties that are contaminated
are located near facilities such as landfills, power plants, and refineries. These properties value are
affect through the bundle rights of real estate. Bundle rights are the right of possession, the right of
control, the right of exclusion, the right of enjoyment and the right of disposition. With the property
being contaminated some may say property owners losses some of the rights under bundle rights. It
can be said that rights of enjoyment and disposal are not easily accessible. Therefore the loss on the
properties will be recognized as capital loss when the properties are sold if they can be sold.
In conclusion contamination of the environment usually has a negative impact on real estate.
Contamination will end up costing the owner or the potential buyer to weather it toxic noise or water
pollution. Contamination on the properties can also infringe on the owner bundle rights as

Physics Of Semi Active Suspension System
...or paste your text here Optimization of Sequential damping in Semi–active Suspensions with
Magneto–rheological fluid to control of Vibrations and Acoustics
*Sourabh Joshi1, **Piyush Nandwal2
1. Acropolis Technical Campus, Indore (M.P.)
In the case of semi–active suspensions with sequential damping, the damping forces are zero or
rather very small as long as the sprung mass is moving away from its static equilibrium position and
suddenly increases when the system is returning to the static equilibrium position. The basic idea of
this semi–active control strategy is to balance the elastic force by the damping force in order to
reduce or even to cancel the forces transmitted through the suspension as long as the spring and
elastic forces ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Semi–active control systems combine the best features of the passive and active ones. They have
almost the same environmental robustness, mechanical simplicity and low cost as passive devices
and can offer the adaptability of active control systems without requiring the associated large power
sources.
In this paper the effect of semi–active suspension with Magneto–rheological fluid to control the
damping characteristic of the system and balanced logic on which the system works is presented.
The damping characteristics are controlled by modulation of fluid–flow orifices, dry friction forces,
electric or magnetic field applied to electro rheological or magneto rheological fluid dampers. The
balance logic is assumed to be achieved with a variable dry friction damper controlled by the
modulation of the normal force applied on the friction plates. For the models with semi–active dual–
rate dampers, the value of the equivalent suspension damping coefficient is a function of the relative
velocity of the sprung mass with respect to the wheel subsystem.
Key Words: Transmissibility factor, Magneto–rheological fluid, Sequential damping
INTRODUCTION
Isolation of passenger from induced shock and vibration is the important task of the suspension of
any ground vehicle. Most suspensions have passive springs and dampers with rather limited
vibration isolation performance, both for linear and nonlinear restoring or damping characteristics.
Their transmissibility

Open Carry On Campus Essay
Open Carry on Campus: Good or Bad?
Many students and faculty members fear that allowing weapons on campus may cause tension and
hostility or even cause minor situations to rapidly escalate. Others feel as if open carry on campus is
missing link to reducing the number of school shootings across the country. When it comes to
allowing firearms on campus, some of the most important factors to consider are: how active shooter
situations will be handled, why it is important to be on alert, and should first responders be the only
one responsible campus safety. These are the factors that ultimately decided whether students and
faculty will end up as victims or heroes in a state of crisis.
If students and faculty members are armed when an active shooter ... Show more content on
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Sitting through an hour–long lecture or waiting in line to speak with financial aid are some examples
of an average day on campus. It is during these times when students are least expecting tragedy to
strike. A student may hear a loud noise and think nothing of it until they realize that noise was the
sound of a shooting rampage that has reached their area and by that time it's usually too late.
Campus safety is everyone's responsibility and remaining on alert is the only way to ensure less
people are victimized. One of the first, and most memorable, attacks happened on August 1, 1966.
Charles Whitman, a former marine, took rifles and other weapons to the observation deck atop the
Main Building tower at The University of Texas– Austin, then randomly opened fire on the
surrounding campus and streets. Over the next 96 minutes, far longer than the average active shooter
attack, he shot and killed fifteen people. Included in the death toll was one unborn child, and injured
thirty–one others. The incident ended when police reached Whitman and shot him dead. During this
event, civilians played a vital role in assisting first responders in the take down of Whitman and
Allen Crum, a 40–year–old bookstore manager and retired Air Force tail gunner, accompanied
police up the tower in pursuit of Whitman. While Crum was armed, it solely because officers handed
him a firearm to assist in Whitman's take down.

Annotated Bibliography Essay
Annotated Bibliography – Creativity
How music affects the body and mind.
By Harjeet Singh Ajeet Singh
This annotated bibliography will be looking at how music affects the body and mind. Music is a
universal thing, most people enjoy it and it's common in cultures all over the world, from the vibrant
music of Bollywood to the more mellow and calming Celtic music of Western Europe. Personally,
I'm a music lover and I thought it would be fun and interesting to talk about music and see how it
affects people.
Forgeard, M., Winner, E., Norton, A., & Schlaug, G. (2008). Practicing a Musical Instrument in
Childhood is
Associated with Enhanced Verbal Ability and Nonverbal Reasoning. Plos ONE, 3(10), e3566.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003566 This article focuses specifically on adolescents, it
theorizes the effect of musical instrument training in childhood and what kind of effect it has on
children growing up and after they have grown up. More of a research study; this article concluded
that children who received at least three years of instrumental music training were able to better ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Humans engage themselves in creative behaviour every single day in one way or another and it is
extremely important to realize how noise and especially ambient noise can help affect creativity. The
study was concluded by conducting five experiments that were restricted to a range of 70 dB to
50dB of ambient noise and noticed the enhances performance on creative tasks; that means that
creativity is in turn affected positively and can also in turn these positive effects into the increasing
likelihood of innovative products being produced. Whereas, high levels of noise for example 85dB
or above can affect creativity quite negatively which could even lead to problem solving difficulty.
High levels of noise damage creativity through reducing the extent of information

BCI Stereotypes
Use of BCI in making ANIMATED Movies
Brain Computer Interface:
Brain computer Interface is connection between brain and computer or other external devices. It
enables to do external activities such as control of cursor or moving artificial hand. (wikipedia)
 How nerves work
Brain is the center of nervous system, like a micro processor in computer.
Spinal cord is connected with nerves as gates are connected with wires in the computer. Nerves
carry signals to coordinate different parts of bodies. Central nervous system consist of brain and
spinal cord it includes cranial nerves( it works in such a way that they connect your sense organ to
your brain) and central nerves (it works in such a way that it connects areas within spinal cord and
brain) Neurons transmit ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(N.Abdulkader)
Medical applications :
Health care centers can use brain signals for prevention, detection, diagnosis and restoration. BCI
system can detect abnormal brain structure or brain damage if someone drinks alcohol or smokes.
BCI technology gives paralyzed people a way to communicate with outer world. BCI technology
does not depend on muscle control.
BCI Subtypes:
Active BCI:
An active BCI is a BCI that controls direct thought such as imaging to move your limbs and you
directly control and manipulate something with that such as application.
Reactive BCI:
A reactive BCI is BCI which derives its output from brain activity that arises in reaction to external
stimulation. For example if you focus on a flickering light then the Brain Computer Interface
analyses this input.
So you are dependent on the things happening in the environment.
Passive BCI:
Passive BCI is a BCI which derives its output from arbitrary brain activity without the purpose of
voluntary control .It picks up any process that your brain generate while you are doing something
like driving a car or relaxing. It can pick up your work load or your

Nicu Case Studies
INTRODUCTION It is common consensus that the levels of light and noise in a Neonatal Intensive
Care Unit (NICU) ward has always been and presently unacceptable, although historically there has
been ongoing debate about the exact level and type of impact this environment has on preterm
infants in terms of their sleep patterns and neuropsychological development. There has been some
support by substantial research that has previously found stimulation in the NICU has a detrimental
effect on the development, growth and quality of sleep of infants. Long–term implications have also
been found to have a negative effect on the motor and neurological functioning of preterm infants.
However, other studies argue that they had found no significant effects ... Show more content on
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It is important to provide premature babies' with the many undisturbed rest hours they require for
their development, health and well–being. The investigation was done by three different principal
designers and a team in three stages, understanding the problem (vision building), verifying
(specifying) by conducting a feasibility study, and project management (preparation for strict
development). Despite the positive results of many academic and company studies, several
physicians reported in personal communication that the actual sound levels at the ward has only
changed marginally (if at all) over the years. Sound levels at the NICU are problematic for the
neonate infants, because noise is a direct cause of long–lasting auditory problems and a significant
cause of neurologic impairment, cardiovascular and respiratory problems. There were new
technology measures proposed to minimise or overcome these problems, including a central system
connecting all medical equipment, centrally–controlled sound–generating units with redesigned
sounds and user interfaces. Despite only having found two studies on the variable of movement,
both researchers agreed that movement (tactile/kinaesthetic stimulation) had positive effects on a
range of developmental outcomes of preterm infants. Only two studies suggested new solutions for
this ongoing problem, but yet again none of these have been tried, tested or proven in real cases. The
fact that there are barely any studies done on the variable of constant movement makes problems in
this field of research even more challenging to solve, hence the need for further interest and research
on the specific variables of constant movement, light and noise if we are going to provide and create
a

Possibility Of ADHD
More and more parents pay attention to the problems of child mental illness as the rate of mental
disorder increased in children. But studies have shown that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD), one of the most common mental disorder in children and adolescents, might be
overdiagnosed in younger children compared to others in the same grade. The health news article
Why a child's birth date predicts whether they'll be medicated for ADHD that is published in The
Sydney Morning Herald discusses the ADHD diagnoses process and argues that the probability for
the youngest children in the class to get ADHD medication is significantly higher. The study shows
that children's immature behaviors may be misdiagnosed as symptoms of ADHD. The ... Show more
Although there is some systematic uncertainty of the research study, the article reveals the fact that
children's immature behavior can be detected as signals rather than noises, which in fact cause bias
in the diagnosis judgment. As a result, misdiagnosis or overdiagnosis in younger children may lead
to errors such as false positive and false negative. Detecting and distinguishing signal and noise may
be the most important when making an accurate diagnosis. Since the whole diagnosis is mostly
based on subjective factor, which is the behavior of the child, the accurate detection by the
pediatrician and a precise criteria of the diagnosis is required. In order to decrease the misdiagnosis
of ADHD on younger children, the recommendation is that before making a diagnosis judgement,
try to make a long–time observation on not just the children's behavior, but also other influential
factors such as family background as the child grow up. As the accuracy of the diagnosis result
improve, more children, whether they have ADHD or not, will have a much better childhood
experience and

Nt1310 Unit 10 Communication Essay
2. Simplex: one way transmission, such as a radio
Half–duplex: two way transmission but only one device can transmit at a time
Full duplex: two way transmission where both devices can transmit at a time. 3. Coaxial: A single
copper wire surrounded by insultation. More expensive than copper twisted pair
Copper twisted pair: Either 2 pairs or 4 pairs of copper wires are twisted and surrounded by
insulation. Ethernet.
Fiber: A fiber cable is either multiple strands of fiber optic surrounded by insulation, or a single fiber
strand surrounded by insulation. 4. Radio: most common form of wireless transmission, typical of
home routers and most wireless devices to use this form. Infared uses low frequency light waves to
carry data using line–of–sight. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With stop–and–wait ARQ, the sender stops and waits for a response from the receiver after each
message or data packet. After receiving a packet, the receiver sends either an acknowledgment
(ACK) if the message was received without error, or a negative acknowledgment (NAK) if the
message contained an error. If it is an NAK, the sender resends the previous message. If it is an
ACK, the sender continues with the next message. Stop–and–wait ARQ is by definition, a half
duplex transmission technique.
With continuous ARQ, the sender does not wait for an acknowledgment after sending a message; it
immediately sends the next one. While the messages are being transmitted, the sender examines the
stream of returning acknowledgments. If it receives an NAK, the sender retransmits the needed
messages. Continuous ARQ is by definition a full duplex transmission technique, because both the
sender and the receiver are transmitting simultaneously (the sender is sending messages, and the
receiver is sending ACKs and NAKs).
22. Transmission efficiency describes the efficiency of a transmission method, how likely errors are,
and generally how many packets reach the destination in the correct format, and how many
overhead bits are required to ensure it reaches the destination error free compared to how many
actual bits of wanted data reach the

Active Hybrid Noise Cancelling System Block Diagram
2.2 Methodology 2.2.1 Active Hybrid Noise Cancelling System Block Diagram Figure 1. Hybrid
ANC structure As illustrated above, a hybrid active noise cancelling system is a constitution of
feedforward and feedback mechanism with adaptive filters. The red area in block diagram is the
feedforward section and the green is the feedback section. To understand this system more
thoroughly, we will need to look at the feedforward and the feedback system individually. 2.2.2
Feedforward ANC System Block Diagram Figure 2. Standard Feedforward LMS ANC Figure 3.
Feedforward FxLMS ANC Figure 2 is the general feedforward ANC block diagram with "Least
Mean Square (LMS)" adaptive filter. The adaptive filter assists to filter the filter coefficient
according to an adaptive algorithm. However, standard LMS algorithm tends to cause instability
issue [13], since the error signal is not properly "aligned in time" in time with the reference signal
due to the presence of the secondary–path transfer function S(z). To solve the problem, it is
necessary to find a different LMS filter or a different ANC system. There are several ANC filter
algorithms and systems can be chosen as the solution. 1.recursive filtered least mean square
(FxRLS); 2. fast–transversal–filter (FxFTF); 3. Lattice– ANC systems; 4. frequency–domain–ANC
systems; 4. Filtered–u recursive LMS filter based on IIR; 5. FxLMS filter[14].

Investigating the Relationship Between Superstious Belief...
In times of uncontrollability, there is evidence to suggest that individuals tend to invoke superstious
beliefs. Anecdotal evidence has also suggested that highly superstitious people believe that they
have a level of control over situations where they objectively have none. For example, some people
have lucky charms that they believe allow for a greater sense of perceived control of external
factors.
Locus of control has often been used to explain the relationship of perceived control and superstious
belief and has been dichotomized as internal or external (Rotter, 1966). Whereas an internal locus of
control is inherent of the belief that all events are due to internal dispositions, an external locus of
control believes that events are a result of other people, or chance/luck. This concept is associated
with the 'Learned helplessness explanation' (Abramson et al., 1978; Maier & Seligman, 1976). What
this explanation proposes is that participant's attribute the uncontrollability of a situation to internal
dispositions i.e., they display an internal locus of control, and, by extension, denote failure as a
result of not having any control over the situation. Contrastingly, individuals who don't succumb to
the learned helplessness effect are those who place failure outside the realms of their own self. I.e.,
they present an external locus of control. This has been validated by Dudley (1999), who found that
participants with a higher level of superstition demonstrated less of

Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems Lab Report
The Internet of Things is continually changing lives and has provided convenient controls over
lights and appliances from houses, to offices, streets and especially, to tracking of habits, health and
even the environment. These things cannot be accomplished without the help of Micro–Electro–
Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology which facilitated the development of smart sensor nodes.
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a group of sensor nodes able to sense, measure and, gather
information from the surroundings, and transmit and receive data from the user. These sensor nodes
are equipped with sensors, a processor, memory, power supply, and a radio or a RF module. The
sensing part of the sensor node determines the application where it will be ... Show more content on
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The figure shows the power consumption levels of the power–hungry blocks in a commercial sensor
node. In data communication, no waiting time results to an energy–efficient communication.
Energy–efficiency means less power consumption in a period. The decrease of power consumption
means the decrease of power budget of the node. For reducing power using communication scheme,
there are many protocols that will budget the power where no power is wasted while there is no
communication. It implements duty–cycling of transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx). This method
incorporates timing to the Tx and Rx which decreases the waiting time. This timing circuit posts
implementation problems such as increase in power, delay, and the probability of error. An
alternative technique is the asynchronous wake–up where there is another receiver module beside
the transceiver which is a wake–up receiver (WuRx). The architecture of the receiver determines the
simplicity in hardware and power consumption. This architecture will depend on the modulation
scheme that will be used. The purpose of the wake–up receiver is to monitor the transmitter or data
for initiation of data communication. The main transceiver is in sleep state except during an initiated
communication, shifting to its active state. The WuRx should have low power average consumption
than the duty–cycled communication schemes to prove its advantage. Its operation is also shown in
Figure 1.2. The

Beats by Dr. Dre: Not the Average Headphones. Essay
What brings out the best music listening experience for people? How can we achieve that optimal
listening experience? The best listening experience, differs to many people because some believe the
best experience from music comes from the bass, some prefer dynamics and the highs and lows,
others enjoy noise cancellation and the rest enjoy all of the aspects listed. Whatever the sound
preference might be, there must be a worthy headphone in the market that addresses all these aspects
of the music to bring out the best experience. Though a headphone that accommodates all these
features might only seem available to recording artists and professional sound producers use in the
production studios, the Monsters Beats by Dr. Dre (Beats by Dre for ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Now that one understands what all the key musical aspects are, analyzing the key features of the
Beats by Dre headphone (specifically the sound driver and noise cancellation) can be easier.
Features and Specifications There are three different models of Beats by Dre on–ear headphone line:
the Solos, Studio, and the Pro which gets larger and holds more features respectively. But overall, all
three models of the Beats by Dre line carry the two most important features that make the sound so
unique. The first of the Beats by Dre features on all the models is the 40mm titanium coated sound
driver which cleans up most of the distortions and gives a very clean, crisp, and balanced sounds.
What a driver does is that it moves the diaphragm (a disk) in the earphone to create the sound. Thus,
using titanium to coat the driver helps remove the distortion of the music that people would
normally hear in cheaper headphones. In addition to the titanium coating, the size of the driver plays
an important role as well. The general rule of thumb for driver size is the bigger the better because
this also eliminates distortion of the music as well to amplify the bass, dynamics, and the highs to
lows. Beats by Dre's 40 mm size is relatively large in headphone terms which positively contributes
to the sound quality. Naturally, a better quality material along with the larger driver size used to
make the

The Electrical Impulses Are Used For Stimulating The...
BACKGROUND–
AREA OF APPLICABILITY
The electrical impulses are used for stimulating the contraction of muscles which is known as
Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), also known as neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)
or electromyostimulation. The muscle tissue was stimulated by the impulses produced by a device
and were delivered on the skin through the electrodes close to the targeted stimulated muscle. These
electrodes are the pads that will adhere to the skin of the animal. The stimulated muscles contract by
the impulses which act as an action potential coming from the central nervous system. It is shown in
some studies that the electrical stimulation has the ability to increase the strength.1 Therefore, it can
be used to treat the damaged muscles. It has been utilized as a potential for strength training tool in
healthy subjects, a rehabilitation and preventive tool for patients with mobility defects, a testing tool
for the neural and/or muscular function in vivo, and a post–exercise recovery tool for athletes.2 The
number of electrical stimulation sessions varies across muscle rehabilitation protocols.3
MOTIVATION OF THE PROBLEM
In the project the paw of a mouse is stimulated by the electrical stimulation which leads to neuronal
activities within the cortex along with vascular change. The task of the project was to image the
change in neuronal activities within the cortex. With application of the electrical stimulation, the
neurons that were in the resting state

Noise characterisation is a critical research area for...
Noise characterisation is a critical research area for varied domains and applications. The domains
include marine, aviation, transport, civil engineering etc. The applications could include numerous
military and non military applications like fatigue failures in material, human comfort, acoustics
stealth, marine mammal habitat assessment, condition based monitoring of machineries etc. In many
engineering situations, machines are mounted on flexible structures such as the ships deck, aircraft
fuselage, car or train chasis, building floors etc.
When in operation machines may transmit noise and vibrations to the receiving structures, causing
unwanted noise and vibration problems close to remote from source location. In recent years, noise
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus an accurate characterization of the dynamic behaviour of vibrating system and emanating
noise with respect to its frequency, amplitude, and power over a broad range of frequencies is
needed to develop reliable simulation models, suggest passive design strategies and propose active
control concepts. [2]. Three elements namely the source, path and receiver play an important role in
noise generation and transmission. The field of acoustics and vibration majorly deals with the
characterisation and control of noise source and noise transmission path ( air borne and structure
borne paths). While for airborne sound, a sourcepath– receiver model has been a practically proven
model, inherent physical problems have prevented a similar approach being adopted for structure
borne sound. Also, most Literature have stated that it is the structure borne sound source which are
the main cause of noise problems [3], [4] and due complexity of built up structures, characterisation
of structure borne noise source and transmission has been a major field of applied research till date.
Most research publications available on sound shielding pertains to problem connected with
lessening noise in industrial, housing, public buildings and surface and air transport vehicles. The
field of shipboard acoustics has found relatively weak expression in scientific and technical
literature till as far as 1960s. Ship board acoustics are distinguished from architectural acoustics by
several

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