The document outlines the Cold War, detailing significant events, key figures, and political tensions primarily between the Soviet Union and the United States. It includes a timeline of important occurrences, such as the formation of NATO, the Cuban missile crisis, and the eventual end of the Cold War driven by reforms from Mikhail Gorbachev. Major leaders like Nikita Khrushchev, John F. Kennedy, Ronald Reagan, and Gorbachev himself are highlighted for their roles during this critical period in history.

1. The Cold War
By Mohamed Amine Ben Aicha
And
Job Eloka Lenaie

2. Topics
• - Timeline
• - Global view
• - Important peoples
• - Nikita Kruschev
• - John F. Kennedy
• - Ronald Reagan
• - Mikhail Gorbachev
• - Primary source
• The forming of NATO
•
• The bay of pigs
•
• And how it ended

3. The Timeline:
• August 6th 1945-United States dropped bomb on Hiroshima
• August 14, 1945- End of the WW II
• June 24, 1948- The Berlin blockade begins
• April 4, 1949- NATO is formed
• May 12,1949- Berlin blockade ends
• June 1950-July 1953- Korean war begins and ends
• May 1955- Warsaw Pact formed
• May 1960- U.S. spy plane was shot down over Soviet territory
• November 1960- John Kennedy became president
• April 1961- Bay of Pigs
• August 13,17- The border or Berlin is closed off;construction begins of the Berlin Wall
• October 1962- Cuban Missile Crisis
• November 1963- President Kennedy assassinated
• July 20, 1969- Apollo 11 wins space race by landing on the moon
• November 1989- Fall of the Berlin Wall
• August 1991- End of the Cold War
•

4. Globale view:
• The Cold War began to form after World War II. The
disagreements started between 1947-1951. The world split
into two large organizations NATO (North Atlantic Treaty
Organization) and the Warsaw pact. Many people believed
at that time that a nuclear war would start. The main
tensions were between The Soviet Union (Russia) and The
United States. Both sides and their allies were building up
their weapons but did not use them. It was a fight between
political systems for power.
•

5. Important people:
•Nikita Kruschev (1894->1971)
•John F. Kennedy (1917->1963)
•Ronald Reagan(1911->2004)
•Mikhail Gorbachev(1931-> )
•

6. Nikita Kruschev (1894-1971)
• Nikita Kruschev was born on April 17, 1894
and died on September 11, 1971. After
Joseph Stalin died Nikita Khrushchev
became chief director of the Soviet Union.
He was a strong believer in the communist
party, and he became the First Secretary
from September 7, 1953 to October 14,
1964. Khrushchev was Premier of the Soviet
Union from March 27, 1958 to October 14,
1964. When he was 77 years old. He was
notorious for his rudeness of interrupting
speeches and removing his shoe to bang it
on the podium during debates at the United
Nations.
•

7. John F. Kennedy (1917-
1963)• John F. Kennedy was the 35th
President of the United States.
He was in office from January 20,
1961 until November 22, 1963.
Kennedy was the president
during the Bay of Pigs, Cuban
Missile Crisis, the building of the
Berlin Wall, the Vietnam war and
the American Civil rights
movement. On November 22end
,1963 Kennedy was in Dallas,
Texas and was assassinated.
•

8. Ronald Reagan(1911-2004)
• Ronald Reagan became the 40th
president of the United States on
January 20, 1981 and left office
on January 20, 1989. He was the
governor of California from 1967
to 1975. Regan served two terms
also partly during the cold war.
He ordered a massive military
buildup while racing against the
Soviet Union. He later spoke with
Mikhail Gorbachev and they
shrunk the US and Russia's
nuclear weaponry.
•

9. Mikhail Gorbachev(1931- )
• Mikhail Gorbachev is the leader
of the Union of Social-
Democrats. He was born on
March 2 1931 and he is still
alive. He used to be the
General Secretary of the
Communist Party of the Soviet
Union, he was also head of the
USSR. Gorbachev was awarded
the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990.
He had helped end the Cold
War and the Communist Party
of the Soviet Union.
•

10. Primary Source
Letters from Khrushchev to Kennedy
§ Khrushchev wrote to Kennedy twice about the Cuban missile crisis. The first letter was sent
on October 26, 1962 and contained the statement that if the United States agreed not to
attack Cuba then the Soviet Union would take the weapons out. Below is part of the first
letter.
§ “Why have we proceeded to assist Cuba with military and
economic aid? The answer is: We have proceeded to do so only
for reasons of humanitarianism. At one time, our people
itself had a revolution, when Russia was still a backwards
country. We were attacked then. We were the target of attack
by many countries. The USA participated in that adventure.
This had been recorded by our participants in the aggression
against our country. A whole book has been written about this
by General Graves, who, at that time, commanded the US
Expeditionary Corps. Graves called it ‘The American Adventure
in Siberia.”
•

11. Forming of NATO
• The North Atlantic Treaty Organization include twelve nations that
have an alliance. These include The United States and The United
Kingdome. NATO was officially formed on April 4, 1949. They all
signed the North Atlantic Treaty. After the fall of communism NATO
has become a political force rather than a military force.
•

12. Bay of Pigs
• On April 15, 1961 aircrafts flew over Cuba attempting to wipe out
Castro’s air force. It was supposed to look like it was only Cuban
exiles. The attack might have worked if the second and third air
strikes had not been cancelled. The mission was overall
unsuccessful.
•

13. How it Ended
• Economic reforms were made by Mikhail Gorbachev when he became
head of the Soviet Union. His new policies were called perestroika.
Gorbachev and Reagan worked together to eliminate nuclear
weapons. Demonstration started in East Germany and the Soviet
republics began rebelling.
•