Mikhail Gorbachev and the Collapse of the USSR

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The document discusses Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of Perestroika and Glasnost in the Soviet Union during the 1980s, which aimed to restructure and open up the communist system through economic and political reforms. It also mentions key events that occurred as a result of these reforms, including the opening of the East German border, the fall of the Berlin Wall, revolutions in Eastern Europe, and the eventual dissolution of the Soviet Union.

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Tuesday, March 18, 2008 Chronology of the 4th Generation War Against Venezuela The US Government is waging war on Venezuela - not your typical, traditional war, but a modern, asymmetric - 4th Generation War - against President Chávez and the Bolivarian Revolution. Below is a presentation I created regarding the pattern and escalation of US Government aggression against Venezuela, with clear quotes and cites as evidence to back up this claim. OBJECTIVE Relate Chávez with: *Drug trafficking *Terrorism *A Dictatorship *An Arms Race *Money Laundering *A Threat Against Regional Security Actions 2002-2006 *The coup d’etat against Chávez in 2002 *The “lockout” and economic sabotage from December 2002 to February 2003 *The “guarimbas” of 2004 *The Recall Referendum of 2004 *Electoral Intervention in 2005 and 2006 *An increase in US military presence in the region during 2006-2007 Change in Strategy -After the victory of President Chávez in the recall referendum of 2004, the US toughened its position towards Venezuela increased its public hostility and aggression against the Venezuelan government. -January 2005: “Hugo Chávez is a negative force in the region.” -Condoleezza Rice -March 2005: “Venezuela is one of the most unstable and dangerous ‘hot spots’ in Latin America.” -Porter Goss, ex-Director of the CIA -March 2005: “Venezuela is starting a dangerous arms race that threatens regional security.” -Donald Rumsfeld, ex-Secretary of Defense -March 2005: “I am concerned about Venezuela’s influence in the area of responsibility...SOUTHCOM supports the position of the Joint Chiefs to maintain ‘military to military’ contact with the Venezuelan military…we need an inter-agency focus to deal with Venezuela.” -General Bantz Craddock, ex-Commander of SOUTHCOM -July 2005: “Cuba and Venezuela are promoting instability in Latin America…There is no doubt that President Chávez is funding radical forces in Bolivia.” -Rogelio Pardo-Maurer, Assistant Sub-Secretary of Defense for the Western Hemisphere -July 2005: “Venezuela and Cuba are promoting radicalism in the region...Venezuela is trying to undermine the democratic governments in the region to impede CAFTA.” -Donald Rumsfeld, ex-Secretary of Defense -August 2005: “Venezuelan territory is a safe haven for Colombian terrorists.” -Tom Casey, spokesperson for the Department of State -September 2005: “The problem of working with President Chávez is serious and continuous, as it is in other parts of the relationship.” -John Walters, Director of the National Policy Office for Drug Control. -November 2005: “The assault on democratic institutions in Venezuela continues and the system is in serious danger.” -Thomas Shannon, Sub-secretary of State Escalation in Aggression 2006 The War Machine -2 February 2006: “Presidente Chávez continues to use his control to repress the opposition, reduce freedom of the press and restrict democracy….it’s a threat.” -John Negroponte, ex-Director of National Intelligence -2 February 2006: “We have Chávez in Venezuela with a lot of money from oil. He is a person who was elected legally, just like Adolf Hitler...” - Donald Rumsfeld, ex-Secretary of Defense Connection with Terrorism -16 March 2006: “In Venezuela, a demogoge full of oil money is undermining democracy and trying to destabilize the region.” -George W. Bush -June 2006: “Venezuela’s cooperation in the international campaign against terrorism continues to be insignificant...It’s not clear to what point the Venezuelan government offered material support to Colombian terrorists.” - Annual Report on Terrorism, Department of State Increase in Military Presence -March-July 2006: The US military engages in four major exercises off the coast of Venezuela in the Caribbean Sea, with support from NATO, and based at the US air force base in Curaça

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By Mohamed Amine Ben Aicha And Job Eloka Lenaie Topics - Timeline - Global view - Important peoples - Nikita Kruschev - John F. Kennedy - Ronald Reagan - Mikhail Gorbachev - Primary source The Timeline: August 6th 1945-United States dropped bomb on Hiroshima August 14, 1945- End of the WW II June 24, 1948- The Berlin blockade begins April 4, 1949- NATO is formed May 12,1949- Berlin blockade ends June 1950-July 1953- Korean war begins and endsThe Cold War May 1955- Warsaw Pact formed May 1960- U.S. spy plane was shot down over Soviet territory November 1960- John Kennedy became president April 1961- Bay of Pigs August 13,17- The border or Berlin is closed off;construction begins of the Berlin Wall October 1962- Cuban Missile Crisis November 1963- President Kennedy assassinated July 20, 1969- Apollo 11 wins space race by landing on the moon November 1989- Fall of the Berlin Wall August 1991- End of the Cold War Globale view: The Cold War began to form after World War II. The disagreements started between 1947-1951. The world split into two large organizations NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and the Warsaw pact. Many people believed at that time that a nuclear war would start. The main tensions were between The Soviet Union (Russia) and The United States. Both sides and their allies were building up their weapons but did not use them. It was a fight between political systems for power. Important people: Nikita Kruschev (1894->1971) John F. Kennedy (1917->1963) Ronald Reagan(1911->2004) Mikhail Gorbachev(1931-> ) Nikita Kruschev (1894-1971) Nikita Kruschev was born on April 17, 1894 and died on September 11, 1971. After Joseph Stalin died Nikita Khrushchev became chief director of the Soviet Union. He was a strong believer in the communist party, and he became the First Secretary from September 7, 1953 to October 14, 1964. Khrushchev was Premier of the Soviet Union from March 27, 1958 to October 14, 1964. When he was 77 years old. He was notorious for his rudeness of interrupting speeches and removing his shoe to bang it on the podium during debates at the United Nations. John F. Kennedy (1917-1963) John F. Kennedy was the 35th President of the United States. He was in office from January 20, 1961 until November 22, 1963. Kennedy was the president during the Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Vietnam war and the American Civil rights movement. On November 22end ,1963 Kennedy was in Dallas, Texas and was assassinated. Ronald Reagan(1911-2004) Ronald Reagan became the 40th president of the United States on January 20, 1981 and left office on January 20, 1989. He was the governor of California from 1967 to 1975. Regan served two terms also partly during the cold war. He ordered a massive military buildup while racing against the Soviet Union. He later spoke with Mikhail Gorbachev and they shrunk the US and Russ

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