Quantitative research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
In natural sciences and social sciences, quantitative research is the systematic empirical investigation of observable phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques.
Kinds and Classification of Research
Some Hindrances of Scientific Inquiry
The scientific Method of research
Principles of Scientific Method of Research
By the end of this presentation you should be able to:
Describe the justification of qualitative Sampling Techniques
Understand different types of Sampling Techniques
Applied research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Applied research is a form of systematic inquiry involving the practical application of science. It accesses and uses some part of the research communities' (the academia's) accumulated theories, knowledge, methods, and techniques, for a specific, often state-, business-, or client-driven purpose.
This presentation emphasizes key components of Research Proposal, Essentials of Good Research Title, Importance of Title, Framing of Research Title with examples, Importance of Introduction, Statement of Research Problem with examples, Irrelevant Research Objectives, Inter-Disciplinary Relevance, Literature Review, Importance of Research Methodology, Budget and Financial Assistance Required, Limitations, Competence of Researcher, and Funding Agencies.
ENG122 Composition II Research Paper Guidelines P a g e.docxSALU18
ENG122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
P a g e | 1 of 6
2015.09
English 122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
You will spend five weeks completing a 5-7 page academic argument in APA style. Each week is devoted to
one phase of the academic writing process:
1. Topic Selection & Beginning Research
2. Pre-Writing & Organization
3. Draft Writing
4. Revision
5. Final Draft
Week 1: Topic Selection & Beginning Research
Select a topic from the list of approved topics that begins on page two of this document. You will be working
with the same topic for the next five weeks. Choose a topic that is interesting but be wary of topics that elicit a
strong emotional response. We will be writing an objective academic paper in third-person perspective, which
may be difficult if you feel too personally connected to the topic.
As you begin to gather research on the topic, start organizing your work into an annotated bibliography. You
will submit your annotated bibliography for grading and feedback at the end of Week 1. You will use a working
thesis statement to guide you. These items may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 2: Pre-Writing & Organization
After gathering sufficient research, you will begin to build a credible argument about the topic, which may
require revisions to your working thesis statement. You will submit an outline of your academic argument for
grading and feedback at the end of Week 2. The outline may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 3: Draft Writing
You will utilize your annotated bibliography and outline as tools to write a rough draft essay. The annotated
bibliography provides you with your research notes while the outline guides you through the structure of your
argument. You will submit a rough draft of your academic argument for grading and feedback at the end of
Week 3. You will have time to fully revise your draft over the remaining two weeks of class.
Week 4: Revision
The revision process contains a number of steps that may overlap and repeat. This includes additional research,
more writing, proofreading, editing, and content revision. You must consider and apply the feedback you
received throughout class as you revise your rough draft. You are expected to use Week 4 as an opportunity for
careful and thorough revision.
Week 5: Final Draft
The final week of class will culminate in the submission of your Final Research Paper. This is the final,
complete, error-free version of your academic argument. The final draft is worth 30% of your final grade in this
class.
P a g e | 2 of 6 2015.09
Writing Prompts – Select One for this Class
Prompts have been organized by subject area. Please review all options before making your final selection and
consider selecting a topic from your field of study/major.
Business
1. Some argue that a gender-based income gap is still present in America today. ...
Quantitative research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
In natural sciences and social sciences, quantitative research is the systematic empirical investigation of observable phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational techniques.
Kinds and Classification of Research
Some Hindrances of Scientific Inquiry
The scientific Method of research
Principles of Scientific Method of Research
By the end of this presentation you should be able to:
Describe the justification of qualitative Sampling Techniques
Understand different types of Sampling Techniques
Applied research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Applied research is a form of systematic inquiry involving the practical application of science. It accesses and uses some part of the research communities' (the academia's) accumulated theories, knowledge, methods, and techniques, for a specific, often state-, business-, or client-driven purpose.
This presentation emphasizes key components of Research Proposal, Essentials of Good Research Title, Importance of Title, Framing of Research Title with examples, Importance of Introduction, Statement of Research Problem with examples, Irrelevant Research Objectives, Inter-Disciplinary Relevance, Literature Review, Importance of Research Methodology, Budget and Financial Assistance Required, Limitations, Competence of Researcher, and Funding Agencies.
ENG122 Composition II Research Paper Guidelines P a g e.docxSALU18
ENG122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
P a g e | 1 of 6
2015.09
English 122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
You will spend five weeks completing a 5-7 page academic argument in APA style. Each week is devoted to
one phase of the academic writing process:
1. Topic Selection & Beginning Research
2. Pre-Writing & Organization
3. Draft Writing
4. Revision
5. Final Draft
Week 1: Topic Selection & Beginning Research
Select a topic from the list of approved topics that begins on page two of this document. You will be working
with the same topic for the next five weeks. Choose a topic that is interesting but be wary of topics that elicit a
strong emotional response. We will be writing an objective academic paper in third-person perspective, which
may be difficult if you feel too personally connected to the topic.
As you begin to gather research on the topic, start organizing your work into an annotated bibliography. You
will submit your annotated bibliography for grading and feedback at the end of Week 1. You will use a working
thesis statement to guide you. These items may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 2: Pre-Writing & Organization
After gathering sufficient research, you will begin to build a credible argument about the topic, which may
require revisions to your working thesis statement. You will submit an outline of your academic argument for
grading and feedback at the end of Week 2. The outline may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 3: Draft Writing
You will utilize your annotated bibliography and outline as tools to write a rough draft essay. The annotated
bibliography provides you with your research notes while the outline guides you through the structure of your
argument. You will submit a rough draft of your academic argument for grading and feedback at the end of
Week 3. You will have time to fully revise your draft over the remaining two weeks of class.
Week 4: Revision
The revision process contains a number of steps that may overlap and repeat. This includes additional research,
more writing, proofreading, editing, and content revision. You must consider and apply the feedback you
received throughout class as you revise your rough draft. You are expected to use Week 4 as an opportunity for
careful and thorough revision.
Week 5: Final Draft
The final week of class will culminate in the submission of your Final Research Paper. This is the final,
complete, error-free version of your academic argument. The final draft is worth 30% of your final grade in this
class.
P a g e | 2 of 6 2015.09
Writing Prompts – Select One for this Class
Prompts have been organized by subject area. Please review all options before making your final selection and
consider selecting a topic from your field of study/major.
Business
1. Some argue that a gender-based income gap is still present in America today. ...
ENG122 Composition II Research Paper Guidelines P a g e.docxYASHU40
ENG122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
P a g e | 1 of 6
2015.09
English 122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
You will spend five weeks completing a 5-7 page academic argument in APA style. Each week is devoted to
one phase of the academic writing process:
1. Topic Selection & Beginning Research
2. Pre-Writing & Organization
3. Draft Writing
4. Revision
5. Final Draft
Week 1: Topic Selection & Beginning Research
Select a topic from the list of approved topics that begins on page two of this document. You will be working
with the same topic for the next five weeks. Choose a topic that is interesting but be wary of topics that elicit a
strong emotional response. We will be writing an objective academic paper in third-person perspective, which
may be difficult if you feel too personally connected to the topic.
As you begin to gather research on the topic, start organizing your work into an annotated bibliography. You
will submit your annotated bibliography for grading and feedback at the end of Week 1. You will use a working
thesis statement to guide you. These items may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 2: Pre-Writing & Organization
After gathering sufficient research, you will begin to build a credible argument about the topic, which may
require revisions to your working thesis statement. You will submit an outline of your academic argument for
grading and feedback at the end of Week 2. The outline may need to be revised before you move forward.
Week 3: Draft Writing
You will utilize your annotated bibliography and outline as tools to write a rough draft essay. The annotated
bibliography provides you with your research notes while the outline guides you through the structure of your
argument. You will submit a rough draft of your academic argument for grading and feedback at the end of
Week 3. You will have time to fully revise your draft over the remaining two weeks of class.
Week 4: Revision
The revision process contains a number of steps that may overlap and repeat. This includes additional research,
more writing, proofreading, editing, and content revision. You must consider and apply the feedback you
received throughout class as you revise your rough draft. You are expected to use Week 4 as an opportunity for
careful and thorough revision.
Week 5: Final Draft
The final week of class will culminate in the submission of your Final Research Paper. This is the final,
complete, error-free version of your academic argument. The final draft is worth 30% of your final grade in this
class.
P a g e | 2 of 6 2015.09
Writing Prompts – Select One for this Class
Prompts have been organized by subject area. Please review all options before making your final selection and
consider selecting a topic from your field of study/major.
Business
1. Some argue that a gender-based income gap is still present in America today. ...
1
7
Annotated Bibliography
Lua Shanks
Walden University
Research Theory, Design, and Methods
Dr. Arome
11-7-2021
Annotated Bibliography
Introduction
Autism researchers continue to grapple with activities that best serve the purpose of fostering positive interpersonal relationships for children with autism. Children have benefited from therapy sessions that provide ongoing activities to aid their ability to engage in healthy social interactions. However, less is known about how K–12 schools might implement programs for this group of individuals to provide additional opportunities for growth, or even if and how school programs would be of assistance in the end. There is a gap in understanding the possibilities of implementing such programs in schools to foster the social and mental health of children with autism. The six articles I selected for this assignment present research on different types of therapeutic programs that have been used to promote social interactions in children with autism.
Annotated Bibliography on Autism
Wimpory, D. C., & Nash, S. (1999). Musical interaction therapy – therapeutic play for children with autism. Child Language and Teaching Therapy, 15(1), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/026565909901500103
Wimpory and Nash provided a case study
for implementing music interaction therapy as part of play therapy aimed at cultivating communication skills in infants with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The researchers based their argument on films taken of play-based therapy sessions that introduced music interaction therapy. To assess the success of music play, Wimpory and Nash filmed the follow-up play-based interaction between the parent and the child. The follow-up interactions revealed that 20 months after the introduction of music play, the child developed prolonged playful interaction with both the psychologist and the parent. The follow-up films also revealed that the child initiated spontaneously pretend play during these later sessions. After the introduction of music, the child began to develop appropriate language skills.
Since the publication date for this case study is 1999, the results are dated. Although this study found that music interaction therapy is useful, emerging research in the field has undoubtedly changed in the time since this article was published. Wimpory and Nash wrote this article for a specific audience, including psychologists and researchers working with infants diagnosed with ASD. Their focus means that others beyond these fields may not find the findings applicable to their work.
I am interested in the role of music in therapy to foster social and mental health in children with ASD. Therefore, Wimpory and Nash’s research is useful to me for background information on the implementation of music into play-based therapy in infants with ASD. Wimpory and Nash presented a basis for this t ...
Global Issues in the Liberal Arts Research Paper Proposal.docxwhittemorelucilla
Global Issues in the Liberal Arts
Research Paper Proposal
Name: _____Shannon Gutierrez_____ Date: __1/11/18_______________
1. What is the general topic you want to learn and write about? The general topic must be
an objective examination of a topic related to one of the four breadth areas and it must
have a global perspective or be of global significance.
Economics of global warming is the general topic for my research paper.
2. Identify which breadth area(s) the topic is related to and explain how the topic is related
to this breadth area (s), or how you can use the perspectives of this particular breadth area
(s) to examine the topic of your research within its global context.
This topic will fall within the science/description and social civic breadth area of liberal
arts. First, Social/Civic because the climate affects the entire world and the >>>> policy
on global warming requires that countries develop relationships to accomplish an overall
objective. Many Activist believe that science has proven global warming to be a real
ecological concern yet many countries and individuals in society choose not to
acknowledge global warming as fact.
The Science/Description breadth area because as mentioned one must believe in the facts
and evidence provided on the topic. Global warming and the study of its effects requires
an understanding of nature and the structure. Technological advances may provide many
solutions to the challenge, however, few countries have the financial means or education
to implement such solutions.
3. What is the purpose of the study? Why have you chosen this particular general topic?
Do you intend to educate or illuminate a particular group about your topic? Do you
intend that this group or person will change it's/his/her thinking or take action because of
your study?
The purpose of this study is to have a deeper understanding of global politics and how the
United States decision to leave the Paris Agreement will financially impact third world
countries.
4. What is your research question? You are not conducting field research (i.e., survey data,
interviews, primary source data). Research in this context means investigating a topic in
depth using credible sources.
Your research question guides what sources you select and read in depth. This is a
specific, clear, concise question you have about the topic that is grounded in facts that
can be discovered in the literature. Remember that the question should be intellectually
challenging and not be one that can be answered with a simple “yes,” “no,” or “maybe.”
Review your question for its clarity and scope. Will the question point you to specific
information on your topic? Will you be able to find enough information on the topic? Is it
so broad that you will get hundreds or thousands of articles on the topic? Could you write
approximately 8-10 pages that illuminate what scholars are writing about ...
Law & CultureProfessor BannerLaw in ActionASSIGNMENT FOU.docxmanningchassidy
Law & Culture
Professor Banner
Law in Action
ASSIGNMENT FOUR
Each of these assignments asks you to apply the course material by completing a project or providing advice similar to what an actual law student or lawyer might do. You will conduct research, counsel a client, and outline points of law. Often these assignments require you to review additional, short assigned videos or documents, which are available in the Law in Action folder located in the Files section on Canvas.
In each case, unless specified otherwise, your answers should be as short as possible and as long as necessary.
The assignments must be submitted in a Word document on Canvas by the Due Date listed on the syllabus.
50 points—Excellent (professionally presented, no errors in legal analysis)
40 points—Satisfactory (solid legal analysis; small grammatical or proofreading issues)
30 points—OK (ideas are good but not fully formed; assignment is sloppy)
20 points—Assignment was submitted but includes multiple errors of law and/or grammar and proofreading issues
0 points—Assignment contains multiple mistakes and is not professionally presented or assignment was not submitted
There are 8 LIA assignments in all, each worth 50 points, for a total of 400 course points.
You have seven days to complete each of these assignments. Late assignments will not be accepted without a documented medical or religious excuse. Being sick for one or two days of seven is not an excuse.
Assignment Four
Assume that you are a reporter on the “legal beat” for a national newspaper. You have been asked to write an opinion piece discussing whether Michelle Carter’s appeal to the US Supreme Court of her criminal conviction for involuntary manslaughter* of her boyfriend, Conrad Roy is likely to succeed.
Based on the criminal law principles discussed in Chapter 5 and any criminal procedure or constitutional argument you wish to add, outline your strongest and best arguments as to why Carter is likely to succeed or fail on appeal. Consider, in your answer, whether the prosecution failed to prove she committed the crime beyond a reasonable doubt based on the elements of the crime, and whether, if the elements were met, there should have been any affirmative defenses available to Carter.
* Should you take a criminal law class, you will learn that the common law crime of homicide is divided into four categories:
· First Degree Murder (requires knowing intent and premeditation)
· Second Degree Murder (requires knowing intent but not premeditation)
· Voluntary Manslaughter (Second Degree Murder committed after being Provoked)
· Involuntary Manslaughter (Reckless Homicide, meaning that the defendant knew the risk of their actions and proceeded to act)
· Negligent Homicide (The defendant should have been aware of the risk of their actions and proceeded to act)
Here, the accusation is that Carter acted recklessly in causing the death of Roy.
Claim: College Should Not Be Free
Writing Requireme.
Using parenthetical citations and signal phrases to cite sources published in other sources. Also, feedback on student practice using templates from _They Say/I Say_.
Directions Use this form to complete the Week 5 Nursing Care Mod.docxjakeomoore75037
Directions : Use this form to complete the Week 5 Nursing Care Models Assignment: Nursing Care Models Worksheet (Links to an external site.)
1. Read your text, Finkelman (2016), pp- 111-116.
2. You are required to complete the assignment using the template.
3. You will cite the textbook and one scholarly source for each of the two models. Scholarly references must be published within the last 5 years, peer-reviewed, from the Chamberlain Library only and you will need to provide the Permalink
4. Review the information provided in our library of how to search for journal articles (Links to an external site.).
5. Review the information provided in the library on how to locate and copy a journal permalink (Links to an external site.).
6. Observe staff in delivery of nursing care provided. Practice settings may vary depending on availability.
7. Identify the Model of nursing care that you observed. Be specific about what you observed, who was doing what, when, how and what led you to identify the particular model
8. Review and summarize one scholarly resource (not your textbook) related to the nursing care model you observed in the practice setting.
9. Review and summarize one scholarly resource (not including your text) related to a nursing care model that is different from the one you observed in the practice setting.
10. Discuss the nursing care model from step #9, and how it could be implemented to improve quality of nursing care, safety and staff satisfaction. Be specific.
11. Summarize this experience/assignment and what you learned about the two nursing care models.
12. Submit your completed worksheet no later than 11:59 p.m. MT on Sunday by the end of Week 5.
Reminder
Before preparing your assignment, please review this "Crediting Sources Made Simple (Links to an external site.)" resource. This tool is intended to help you understand scholarly writing, APA, referencing, and crediting. Please reach out to your instructor with any questions as you prepare your assignment.
**Academic Integrity**
Chamberlain College of Nursing values honesty and integrity. All students should be aware of the Academic Integrity policy and follow it in all discussions and assignments.
By submitting this assignment, I pledge on my honor that all content contained is my own original work except as quoted and cited appropriately. I have not received any unauthorized assistance on this assignment.
Please see the grading criteria and rubrics on this page.
How to Recognize Plagiarism
(From the University of Indiana Bloomington: https://www.indiana.edu/~istd/practice.html)
Plagiarism Test
Please note: If the student version contains BOTH wordforword and paraphrasing
plagiarism, you should check wordforword.
Item 1
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine
the type of plagiarism by selecting the appropriate answer.
Original Source Material Student Version
The concept of.
ENG122 Composition II Research Paper Guidelines ASHF.docxYASHU40
ENG122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
ASHFORD UNIVERSITY, COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, LOWER DIVISION
VERSION 2013 (FALL)
P A G E | 1
ENGLISH 122: COMPOSITION II
~ Ancillary Materials ~
Research Paper Guidelines
INTRODUCTION
To write the Final Research Paper for this course, you must choose
one writing prompt and develop a position. Your thesis statement
forms the basis of your position and guides your argument to a
logical conclusion. The thesis statement will answer any
question(s) presented in the writing prompt in one to two clear
sentences.
In the body of the paper, you will examine issues that are relevant
to your thesis statement and use research to support your claims
about those issues. Each claim or assertion must be supported by
scholarly research in the form of summaries, paraphrased
information, or direct quotes from published, credible sources.
Each paragraph should address one topic that directly supports
your thesis statement.
Research is an analytical process, so you are expected to discuss multiple viewpoints and to present
research results in an impersonal manner. It is also important to remember that a persuasive essay
does not simply report information or summarize sources; it uses research to develop an
argument and/or prove a point.
At the end of your paper, you will need to provide a conclusion that features a closing argument, a
paper summary, and a rephrased thesis statement.
PROMPTS: ARTS, MEDIA, AND PHILOSOPHY
1. Should organized religious groups be allowed to act as political advocates or should they
focus only on the spiritual needs of people? Is it possible to strike a balance? Research all
sides of this debate and defend a single position in your persuasive essay.
2. The word “hero” is culturally-specific and is often applied to sports figures, celebrities, and
cultural icons. Define how the term is currently and most commonly used in mass media, and
decide if you agree or disagree with who is considered heroic. If you agree with its current
usage, explain to readers why you feel it is appropriately applied. If you disagree, make the
case for the people you would define as heroic and explain your reasoning.
3. In 2012, three of the top-grossing action films featured female heroes: The Hunger Games,
Breaking Dawn, and Brave (IMDB, n.d., “Most Popular Feature Films Released in 2012”). Do
you believe it’s noteworthy that so many recent films have female heroes, or do you believe
that female role models have always been present in American movies? Explain your position
through examples and analysis of these characters. Finally, are these depictions important?
It is important that
you select a single
writing prompt
that interests you.
You will spend the
next five weeks
researching and
writing about that
subject.
ENG122: Composition II
Research Paper Guidelines
ASHFORD UNIVERSITY, ...
Composition Project 3: Writing Portfolio
Your Writing Portfolio is an online space where you gather pieces of your writing and
make an argument about how those pieces demonstrate significant development of your writing, your thinking, and/or your research skills. It is also a place where you can address more specifically your relationship to the goals of the course. You will select one of the FWP Outcomes that resonates with you, and you will use reflective analysis as a tool to closely examine a variety of your own compositions over a period of time. Reflective analysis helps you to make an evidence-based argument about yourself, a skill that will benefit you not only here at Drexel, but also outside of Drexel. In your personal, academic, and professional life, it will be important to establish and reflect on goals, to periodically examine what you have accomplished, and to ask critical questions about your learning: What did I hope to accomplish in this class/project/ experience? How did I grow as a person, scholar, or professional? What evidence do I have for that growth? How does this growth prepare me for what is next? In many contexts, you will be asked to discuss, either in person or in writing, what kind of student or employee you will be. In these contexts, it is reflective analysis that will allow you to examine your experience for the evidence you need to construct clear and honest answers for yourself and others.
As you move through the FWP sequence, the Writing Portfolio will give you lots of
practice in doing reflective analysis, which will help you to work toward two of the FWP
Outcomes (and others, too):
1. Students will reflect on their own and others’ writing and communication
processes and practices. They will learn that the term “writer” applies to
themselves and their peers.
2. Students will use writing to embrace complexity and think about open-ended
questions.
The skills you gain by closely examining your compositions, and by making larger claims about your writing abilities based on the compositions you include, will help to prepare you for the reflective analysis you will be asked to do later in your academic and professional life.
English 102 Writing Portfolio and Reflective Analysis Assignment
Your Reflective Analysis should accomplish four tasks:
1. It should make an argument about your writing development. Read the
FWP Outcomes and choose ONE of the Outcomes as the focus for your
argument. You have lots of options here.
2. It should use pieces of your own writing as evidence for your argument.
Specifically, you should integrate the following compositions as sources in
your analysis:
a. 1 major project from 101
b. 1 major project from 102
c. 2 informal compositions from either 101 or 102
d. Any other supporting compositions you would like to use
3. It should do “meta-analysis” of those artifacts as it makes its argument.
Works Cited
Last name, First name. “Title of Project.” Course Title. Professor ______ ______.
Similar to ENG103 Week 6 Research Introduction and Background Info (20)
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
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Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
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Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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ENG103 Week 6 Research Introduction and Background Info
1. How to Write a
Research Introduction
& Background
WEEK 6
RUSSELL RODRIGO
1
2. Lesson Outcomes
By the end of this lesson you should
be able to
1. Identify components of an effective
Research Introduction and background
2. Write an outline of research introduction
and background
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3. What is an Introduction?
An introduction may be many different
things, depending on the type of
writing you are doing
In a research paper—an introduction
does three things:
Introduces your topic
Reviews the brief background of your topic
States your hypotheses or research
questions
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4. What is an Introduction?
Students often ask: What is the difference
between an introduction and a literature
review?
Answer: The literature review is part of
your introduction
It is likely to be the largest, most important
part
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5. How do you write an
introduction?
Introductions to research papers have many
formats
In this lesson, you will learn one format
As you go on in research writing, you may
modify, change, or completely ignore this
format
The purpose of presenting this one format is to
give you a general starting point
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6. The Outline of an Introduction
Here is a very broad outline. The slides that follow
show how to write the opening paragraph. The
other sections are covered in a different tutorial
I. Opening paragraph
II. Brief Background
III. Statement of research question or thesis
statement
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7. The Opening Paragraph
This is a key paragraph
It lets the reader know what to expect
It gives the reader a general roadmap for your
paper
It may mention papers you will review in more
detail later
For a very long paper it may be more than one
paragraph
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8. Exercise: Opening Paragraph
A. Read the three sample introductory
paragraphs and identify 5 basic pieces of
information that should be considered in
writing a research introduction.
B. Underline or label what each sentence
says (e.g. hook, thesis statement, research
method, previous studies/background,
missing piece or gap, etc.).
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9. Sample Introduction 1
For a study about child development, parenting and
culture
Parenting style is a well established influence on
child development (Bornstein, 2003). Research indicates
that different parenting styles are generally predictive of
academic and emotional adaptation in children
(Steinberg, Elmen & Mounts, 1989) . However, some
research has suggested that the influence of parenting
style may vary across cultures and by immigration status
(Frankel & Roer-Bornstein, 1982). The aim of the
current study was to examine how parenting style
among first-generation immigrants from the African
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10. Sample Introduction 2
The musical marketing turns to be digital
according to demands of current online epoch. Such
underground, but worldwide famous bands like
Radiohead and IAMX gain profit from the internet
and use it as a primary source to show the audience
their creation. On the other hand, many artists find
digital era harmful and destructive for their creativity
because there are many sites that offer their product
for free, giving no profit to the creator. Currently,
there are more and more studies that reveal the
business side of music industry far from a positive
side. This research paper will define whether the
culture of digital music consumption must be
changed because the creations of musicians become
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11. Sample Introduction 3
ATTACK AD EFFECTIVENESS
Attack ads were a major part of the 2012 presidential
election campaign in the U.S. In fact, the Washington Post
reports that of the $404 million that was spent on TV ads in
favour of Barack Obama, 85% ($343.4 million) was spent on
negative ads, while of the $492 million spent on TV ads in
favour of Mitt Romney, 91% ($447.72 million) was spent on
negative ads (Andrews, Keating, & Yourish, 2012). The
attack ad strategies of both candidates were very similar. In
fact, the top ten U.S. states in which the candidates spent
campaign funds on negative TV ads were exactly the same,
with Florida, Virginia, and Ohio being the top three
respectively (Andrews, Keating, & Yourish, 2012). Given that
the vast majority of money spent on TV ads was spent on
negative ads, it is reasonable to believe that there must be
some efficacy to such ads. In this project, scholarly research
on the effectiveness of attack ads in the 2012 U.S.
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12. The opening paragraph
Includes 5 basic pieces of information, usually in this
order:
1. A statement of the general topic or a hook
2. A general statement about what previous studies
have found
3. A statement about what the literature is missing or
where there is an unanswered question
4. The aim of the study
5. A general statement of the study’s approach
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13. Sample 1 Opening paragraph:
First Sentence
A statement of the general topic or a hook:
Parenting style is a well established influence on child development
(Bornstein, 2003).
The musical marketing turns to be digital according to demands of
current online epoch.
Attack ads were a major part of the 2012 presidential election
campaign in the U.S.
Note
The statement is general, but not too general
it is not a sweeping statement
The statement is empirical—it is a statement of research findings
Not an opinion
The statement includes a citation
This citation may be reviewed in more detail later in the paper
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14. Opening paragraph:
Second Sentence
A statement about what the literature has found
Research indicates that different parenting styles
are generally predictive of academic and emotional
adaptation in children (Steinberg, Elmen & Mounts,
1989) .
This is more specific than your first statement
It introduces the reader to the specific area you
are interested in
Parenting style and academic and emotional outcomes
in children
It includes a citation
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15. Opening Paragraph:
Third Sentence
A statement about what the literature is missing or
where there is an unanswered question
However, some research has suggested that the
influence of parenting style may vary across cultures
and by immigration status (Frankel & Roer-Bornstein,
1982).
Note
This statement is a contrast with the previous statement
It says not all parenting styles lead to the same outcome
It introduces the idea that there is a an unanswered question
to be explored
It includes a citation
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16. Review previous studies of your
topic.
Every person can study the same topic in a
different way. Before you start your own
research, you must become aware of the
discoveries other scholars made on this issue.
Any result will be a reliable background for the
future work. Note that it is better to indicate
recent developments in the primary research
rather than a lengthy report.
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17. Opening Paragraph:
Fourth Sentence
The aim of the study based on the research
question/Thesis statement
The aim of the current study was to examine how
parenting style among first-generation immigrants
from the African diaspora influenced child
development.
This tells the reader generally what your study is
about
It should be a study that responds to the question
you identified in the previous sentence
Because the study is completed, it is a statement in
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18. Opening Paragraph:
Fifth Sentence
A general statement of the study’s approach
The study examined parenting style and child
outcomes within a community of Somalian
immigrants in the Northeastern United States.
This tells the reader just a little about your
sample and method
Not too much
Enough so that the reader understands why you
review certain types of articles
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19. Summary
This lesson presented the definition and
purpose of an introduction for an empirical
paper or proposal
It presented one format for writing an
introduction
It focused on writing the very first
paragraph of an introduction
It gave a detailed step by step account of
how to write the first paragraph of an
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20. Writing the background
information
1. Providing background information in the
Introduction of a research paper serves as
a bridge that links the reader to the topic
of your study.
2. Providing pertinent background
information can be an effective way to
demonstrate that you have a clear grasp of
key issues and concepts underpinning
your overall study.
21. Discussion
Background Information can be based on what is the focus of
the research paper (e.g. If the paper focuses on EFFECTS, then
the background should discuss the problem).
A. What do you think should be written in the background
information in the following research? You can annotate
your answers here through Zoom and save its image for
submission.
a. Causes
b. Comparison & Contrast
c. Problem-Solution
d. Definition
e. Process
f. Classification
B. Read the sample background information and decide what
type of information is provided and what do you think is
the focus of this research paper?
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22. Sample Background Information
Recent trends in media and campaign ad funding may contribute to
the high number of attack ads in the 2012 U.S. presidential campaign,
as well as the campaign's high ratio of negative-to-positive ads. While
the percentage of negative ads coming directly from the campaigns of
the candidates increased significantly from 2008 to 2012, the majority
of the increase in negative ads is attributable to the rise in campaign ads
that were not funded by the candidates' campaigns (Fowler, 2012). In
fact, 60% of presidential campaign ads in 2012 were funded by groups
other than presidential campaign groups (Fowler, 2012). This is a huge
increase from 2008 in which 97% of ads were funded by presidential
candidate campaigns (Fowler, 2012). The number of ads from interest
groups increased by 1,100% from 2008 to 2012, while the number of TV
ads from political parties increased from zero in 2008 to almost 10,000
in 2012 (Fowler, 2012). Moreover, in 2008, ads from presidential
candidates were only 9% negative, while those from interest groups were
25% negative (Fowler, 2012). These numbers quickly changed by 2012,
in which 53% of ads from the presidential candidates themselves were
negative and 86% from interest groups were negative (Fowler, 2012).
The increase in the involvement of special interest groups in
advertisement campaigns only partially explains the increase in attack
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23. Some questions to consider while
writing the background information:
1. Describe the issue(s) in details. Provide evidence (facts
/ statistics)
2. Define essential concepts
3. Also refer briefly to previous research. What theories
have been offered?
4. Are there concepts, terms, theories, or ideas that may
be unfamiliar to the reader and, thus, require
additional explanation?
5. Are there historical elements that need to be explored
in order to provide needed context, to highlight
specific people, issues, or events, or to lay a
24. Production
Write an outline of your introduction
Write the background of your research topic
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