The document outlines various types of research, classifying them into applied, basic, and several subtypes such as co relational, descriptive, ethnographic, experimental, exploratory, grounded theory, historical, and phenomenological research. It emphasizes the distinction between qualitative and quantitative research and highlights the characteristics of effective research, including being empirical, logical, and methodical. Ultimately, it serves as an introduction to research methodologies and their applications in generating knowledge.

1. Prepared by Md. Mamunur Rashid
M.S. in Agricultural Extension & Rural Development
Patuakhali Science & Technology University
Session 2014-2015

2. Research
 The systematic, rigorous investigation of a
situation or problem in order to generate
new knowledge or validate existing
knowledge.

3. Types of Research
There are many types of research. These are
1) Applied Research
2) Basic Research
3) Co relational Research
4) Descriptive Research
5) Ethnographic Research
6) Experimental Research
7) Exploratory Research
8) Grounded Theory Research
9) Historical Research
10)Phenomenological Research

4. On a broader perspective, all researches
can be classified into two groups
1) Qualitative Research
2) Quantitative Research

5. Applied Research
Applied research refers to scientific study &
research that seeks to solve practical
problems.
 For example,
Improve agricultural production
Treat or cure a specific disease

6. Basic Research
Basic research is driven by a scientist’s
curiosity or interest in a scientific question.
The main motivation is to expand man’s
knowledge, not to create or invent
something.
 For example,
How the universe did begin?
What are protons, neutrons, and electrons
composed of?

7. Co relational Research
Co relational research refers to the systematic
investigation or statistical study of
relationships among two or more variables
without necessarily determining cause &
effect.
 For example,
Survey- asks people how they feel? How
often they listen? & then compare

8. Descriptive Research
Its refers to research that provides an accurate
portrayal of characteristics of a particular
individual, situation or group. Descriptive
research, also known as statistical research.
 For example,
Findings the most frequent disease that affects
children of a town. The reader of the research
will know what to do to prevent that disease
thus, more people will live a healthy life.

9. Ethnographic Research
Ethnographic Research refers to the
investigation of a culture through an in-depth
study of the members of the culture; it
involves the systematic collection,
destruction, and analysis of data for
development of theories of cultural behavior.

10. Experimental Research
 Experimental Research is an objective,
systematic, controlled investigation for the
purpose of predicting and controlling
phenomena and examining probability and
causality among selected variables.

11. Exploratory Research
 Exploratory Research is a type of research
conducted for a problem that has not been
clearly defined. Exploratory research helps
determine the best research design, data
collection method and selection of subjects.

12. Grounded Theory Research
 Grounded Theory Research is a research
approach designed to discover what
problems exist in a given social environment
and how the persons involved handle them;
it involves formulation, testing, and
reformulation of propositions until a theory
is developed.

13. Historical Research
 Historical Research is research involving
analysis of events that occurred in the
remote or recent past.

14. Phenomenological Research
 Phenomenological Research an inductive
descriptive research approach developed
from phenomenological philosophy; its aim
is to describe an experience as it is actually
lived by the person.

15. On a broader perspective, all researches
can be classified into two groups
 Qualitative Research
 Quantitative Research

16. Qualitative Research
Qualitative Research is research dealing with
phenomena that are difficult or impossible
to quantify mathematically, such as beliefs,
meanings, attributes, and symbols.

17. Quantitative Research
Quantitative Research refers to the systematic
empirical investigation of any phenomena
via statistical, mathematical or
computational techniques.

18. Characteristics of Research
 Empirical – research is based on direct
experience or observation by the researcher.
 Logical- research is based on valid
procedures & principles.
 Cyclical – research starts with a problem &
ends with a problem.
 Analytical- research utilizes proven
analytical procedures in gathering data,
whether historical, descriptive,
experimental, & case study.

19. Characteristics of Research
 Critical- research exhibits careful & precise
judgment.
 Methodical- research is conducted in a
methodical manner without bias using
systematical method & procedures.
 Reliability- research design & procedures
are repeated to enable the researcher to
arrive at valid and conclusive results.

20. Thanks to All