The document discusses energy and its sources, uses, and requirements by the human body. It defines energy and lists the main sources of energy as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats obtained through food. These macronutrients provide energy measured in kilojoules or calories. Different activities require different amounts of energy, and an individual's daily energy needs depend on factors like age, physical activity level, and health. The basal metabolic rate is the minimum energy needed to sustain vital body functions at rest.

1. Energy

2. OBJECTIVE
 Define Energy
 Sources of Energy
 Energy Provided from food
 Uses of Energy
 Energy needs are different.
 Atwar
 Basal metabolic rate

3. Energy
• Food is the body’s source
of energy.
• Food provides energy.
• We need energy to grow,
be active and maintain
health.
• Different types of food
provide different amounts
of energy.

4. ENERGY
 Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats provide energy.
 Energy is measured in joules (J) or its multiples; the
kilojoule (kJ), calorie; more precisely, the "food
calorie", "large calorie" or kilocalorie (kcal or Cal),
equal to 4.184 kilojoules.
 Proper digestion proper energy.
 provide little or no food energy, such as water,
minerals, vitamins
 Body weight is an important factor in determining
how much energy we need, since more energy will
be needed to sustain and move a greater body
mass

5. ENERGY
 The Body-Mass-Index is calculated according to height
and weight, see the following formula: weight in kilos
divided by height (m)2.

Formula: BMI (kg/m2) = weight (kg) / height (m) 2

Calculation example: weight 70 kilos, height 1.75 meters

Calculation: 1.75 x 1.75 = 3.0625; 70 divided by 3.0625
= 22.9 (round figure).

The BMI will be 23.

6. OBJECTIVE
 Define Energy
 Sources of Energy
 Energy Provided from food
 Uses of Energy
 Energy needs are different.
 Atwar
 Basal metabolic rate

7. Sources of Energy

8. OBJECTIVE
 Define Energy
 Sources of Energy
 Energy Provided from food
 Uses of Energy
 Energy needs are different.
 Atwar
 Basal metabolic rate

9. 100g of these foods provide …
922 kJ
73 kJ
3059 kJ
195 kJ
914 kJ

10. Which food provides the least energy?
587 kJ 891 kJ 627 kJ 158 kJ
All foods per 100g.

11. Which food provides the most energy?
199 kJ 3059 kJ 291 kJ 1725 kJ
All foods per 100g.

12. Portions
Different amounts of food provide different amounts of
energy.
The amount of food is known as a portion.
We eat different amounts of different types of food.
Margarine
Per 100g = 3039kJ
On toast (5g) = 152kJ
Orange
Per 100g = 158kJ
Small (120g) = 190kJ

13. Foods providing 400kJ of energy
Wholemeal bread – 44g
Milk -205 ml
potato -69g
Orange -253g
Egg – 65g
Butter -13g
Ham - 35g
Tomatoes -548g

14. OBJECTIVE
 Define Energy
 Sources of Energy
 Energy Provided from food
 Uses of Energy
 Energy needs are different.
 Atwar
 Basal metabolic rate

15. Uses of energy
Different activities use different amounts of energy.
Which activity uses the most energy?
swimming
walking football
cooking
357kJ/15mins
114kJ/15 mins 196 kJ/15 mins
85kJ/15 mins

16. Uses of 400kJ
Swimming -
about 24
minutes
Cycling -
about 17
minutes
Running -
about 17
minutes
Sitting -
about 96
minutes
Sleeping -
about 116
minutes
Walking -
about 31
minutes

17. Uses of energy
Different activities use different amounts of energy.
Which activity uses the least energy?
gymnastics
horse riding standing
sleeping
153kJ/15mins
144kJ/15 mins 42kJ/15 mins
35kJ/15 mins

18. OBJECTIVE
 Define Energy
 Sources of Energy
 Energy Provided from food
 Uses of Energy
 Energy needs are different.
 Atwar
 Basal metabolic rate

19. Energy needs are different
Different people need different amounts of energy.
The amount of energy they need depends on their age,
job, how active they are and their health.
baby girl 9 year old boy 36 year old man 65 year old woman
2,160 kJ/day
8,240 kJ/day
10,600 kJ/day
7,960 kJ/day

20. OBJECTIVE
 Define Energy
 Sources of Energy
 Energy Provided from food
 Uses of Energy
 Energy needs are different.
 Atwar
 Basal metabolic rate

21. Fat is the most energy density component
Atwar found that 92% of proteins, 95% of fats and 99%
of carbohydrates are normally absorbed

22. OBJECTIVE
 Define Energy
 Sources of Energy
 Energy Provided from food
 Uses of Energy
 Energy needs are different.
 Atwar
 Basal metabolic rate

23. BASAL METABOLIC RATE
 Basal metabolic rate (BMR), is the amount of
energy expended daily by humans and other
animals at rest.
OR
 The energy required for the activity of the internal
organs and maintain body temperature is called for
Basal metabolic rate (BMR).
 BMR is high as possible is vital when comes to
weight loss and maintaining body fat level.

24.  About 20% of one's energy expenditure comes
from physical activity and another 10% from or
digestion of food.

25. FACTORS AFFECTING BMR
 People who exercise
 Hormones
 Environment
 Starvation
 Surface area
 Age
 Food Types
 Fever
 Pregnancy