The document discusses techniques for embedding languages within host systems while maintaining tool integration and data abstraction. It elaborates on syntactic and semantic transformations using various language frameworks such as pidgin, creole, and argot. Key components include parsing, transformation rules, and the generation of executable code using traditional Smalltalk compiler methods.

1. Embedding Languages
without Breaking Tools
Lukas Renggli, Tudor Gîrba, Oscar Nierstrasz
CHOOSE
Swiss Group for
Object-Oriented
Systems and Environments

2. Marco Zanoli, cc-by-sa, 2.5, www.wikipedia.de, 2006

3. Marco Zanoli, cc-by-sa, 2.5, www.wikipedia.de, 2006

4. Marco Zanoli, cc-by-sa, 2.5, www.wikipedia.de, 2006

5. §
§
§
Marco Zanoli, cc-by-sa, 2.5, www.wikipedia.de, 2006

6. Language Engineering

7. Multiple Context
Dependent Languages

8. Homogeneous
Data Abstraction

9. Homogeneous
Tool Integration

10. Existing
Host Language

11. Context Specific Languages
with Homogeneous Tool Integration

12. x=1 x=2
y=1 Package Name (2, 1)
y=2 (1, 2) (2, 2)

13. aBuilder row grow.
aBuilder row fill.
aBuilder column grow.
aBuilder column fill.
aBuilder x: 1 y: 1 add: (LabelShape new
text: [ :each | each name ];
borderColor: #black;
borderWidth: 1;
yourself).
aBuilder x: 1 y: 2 w: 2 h: 1 add: (RectangleShape new
borderColor: #black;
borderWidth: 1; x=1 x=2
width: 200; y=1 Package Name (2, 1)
height: 100;
yourself)
y=2 (1, 2) (2, 2)

14. row = grow.
row = fill.
column = grow.
column = fill.
(1 , 1) = label
text: [ :each | each name ];
borderColor: #black;
borderWidth: 1.
(1 , 2) - (2 , 1) = rectangle
borderColor: #black;
borderWidth: 1; x=1 x=2
width: 200; y=1 Package Name (2, 1)
height: 100.
y=2 (1, 2) (2, 2)

15. AST Transformation

16. ➊ Pidgin
syntax ‧ vocabulary ‧ semantics

17. row = grow.
row = fill.
column = grow.
column = fill.
(1 , 1) = label
text: [ :each | each name ];
borderColor: #black;
borderWidth: 1.
(1 , 2) - (2 , 1) = rectangle
borderColor: #black;
borderWidth: 1; x=1 x=2
width: 200; y=1 Package Name (2, 1)
height: 100.
y=2 (1, 2) (2, 2)

18. shape {
cols: #grow, #fill;
rows: #grow, #fill;
}
label {
position: 1 , 1;
text: [ :each | each name ];
borderColor: #black;
borderWidth: 1;
}
rectangle {
position: 1 , 2;
colspan: 2;
borderColor: #black;
x=1 x=2
borderWidth: 1;
width: 200; y=1 Package Name (2, 1)
height: 100;
} y=2 (1, 2) (2, 2)

19. Custom Parser
AST Transformation

20. ➋ Creole
syntax ‧ vocabulary ‧ semantics

21. shape {
cols: #grow, #fill;
rows: #grow, #fill;
}
label {
position: 1 , 1;
text: [ :each | each name ];
borderColor: #black;
borderWidth: 1;
}
rectangle {
position: 1 , 2;
colspan: 2;
borderColor: #black;
x=1 x=2
borderWidth: 1;
width: 200; y=1 Package Name (2, 1)
height: 100;
} y=2 (1, 2) (2, 2)

22. ➌ Argot
syntax ‧ vocabulary ‧ semantics

23. Transactional Memory
Object Relationships

24. How does
Helvetia work?

25. Rules
<parse> <transform> <attribute> <bytecode>
Source Smalltalk Semantic Bytecode Executable
Code Parser Analysis Generation Code
Traditional Smalltalk Compiler

26. Rules
<parse> <transform> <attribute> <bytecode>
Source Smalltalk Semantic Bytecode Executable
Code Parser Analysis Generation Code
Traditional Smalltalk Compiler

27. Rules
<parse> <transform> <attribute> <bytecode>
Source Smalltalk Semantic Bytecode Executable
Code Parser Analysis Generation Code
Traditional Smalltalk Compiler

28. ... <complete> <highlight> ...
Rules
<parse> <transform> <attribute> <bytecode>
Source Smalltalk Semantic Bytecode Executable
Code Parser Analysis Generation Code
Traditional Smalltalk Compiler

29. ... <complete> <highlight> ...
Creole path
Rules
Pidgin path
Argot path
<parse> <transform> <attribute> <bytecode>
Source Smalltalk Semantic Bytecode Executable
Code Parser Analysis Generation Code
Traditional Smalltalk Compiler

30. Rule Types
‣ Conditional Rule
Reflection
‣ Source Rule
Parser, Regex
‣ AST Rule
Tree Matcher

31. Rule Actions
‣ Transformations
‣ Code blocks
‣ Call other rules

32. <complete> <highlight> ...
Rules
<parse> <transform> <attribute> <bytecode>
Source Smalltalk Semantic Bytecode Executable
Code Parser Analysis Generation Code
Traditional Smalltalk Compiler

33. IV + VII = XI

34. Assignments and Swapping Positional Arguments
Automaton Quasiquoting and Unquoting
Asynchronous Calls Regular Expression
Brainfuck Roman Numbers
Functional Language SQL
Grammar Definition Schematic Tables
Mondrian String Interpolation
Object Relationships Transactional Memory
Pattern Matching Tuple Spaces
[http://scg.unibe.ch/research/helvetia/examples]

35. Existing Host Language

36. Multiple Context
Dependent Languages

37. Homogeneous
Data Abstraction

38. Homogeneous
Tool Integration

39. http://scg.unibe.ch/research/helvetia

40. Rules

41. Marco Zanoli, cc-by-sa, 2.5, www.wikipedia.de, 2006

42. Marco Zanoli, cc-by-sa, 2.5, www.wikipedia.de, 2006

43. Language
*
Change
Language * Language
Box Concern
*
* Language
Scope
L. Renggli, M. Denker, O. Nierstrasz. Language Boxes: Bending the Host Language with Modular Language
Changes. In SLE 2009, Denver, Colorado, October 5-6, 2009, LNCS 5969 p. 274—293, Springer, 2009.

45. http://scg.unibe.ch/research/helvetia