Potentiometry passively measures the potential of a solution between two electrodes, affecting the solution very little in the process. One electrode is called the reference electrode and has a constant potential, while the other one is an indicator electrode whose potential changes with the composition of the sample. Therefore, the difference of potential between the two electrodes gives an assessment of the composition of the sample. Potentiometry usually uses indicator electrodes made selectively sensitive to the ion of interest, such as fluoride in fluoride selective electrodes, so that the potential solely depends on the activity of this ion of interest.
Potentiometry passively measures the potential of a solution between two electrodes, affecting the solution very little in the process. One electrode is called the reference electrode and has a constant potential, while the other one is an indicator electrode whose potential changes with the composition of the sample. Therefore, the difference of potential between the two electrodes gives an assessment of the composition of the sample. Potentiometry usually uses indicator electrodes made selectively sensitive to the ion of interest, such as fluoride in fluoride selective electrodes, so that the potential solely depends on the activity of this ion of interest.
معدل الحرارة وكفاءة الأداء للمحطات الغازية لتوليد الكهرباء.pdfAdnanBahjat
إن المعدل الحراري للوحدة Heat Rate (HR) مؤشر مهم جدا لتقييم كفاءة الوحدة الحرارية لذا يجب أن يكون هدف ومسعى أية محطة تشغيل الوحدة التوليدية ضمن الحدود التصميمية للمعدل الحراري قدر الإمكان ، إضافة إلى أن تحسين المعدل الحراري للمحطة يساعد على تقليل التلوث الناجم من تشغيل الوحدات .
تقليل معدل الحرارة يؤدي إلى تقليل أستهلاك الوقود وتوفير الوقود
Three new heteroleptic dithiocarbamate complexes with formula [M(Phen-dione)(Fcdtc)]PF6 (where M ¼
Ni(II) Ni-Fc, Cu(II) Cu-Fc) and [Co(Phen-dione)(Fcdtc)2]PF6 (Co-Fc) (Fcdtc ¼ N-ethanol-Nmethylferrocene
dithiocarbamate and Phen-dione ¼ 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione; PF6
− ¼
hexafluorophosphate) were synthesized and characterized using microanalysis
Crystal Structure, Topological and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of a Zn(II) Zwi...Awad Albalwi
Abstract: A mononuclear Zn(II) complex of (Zn(H2L) (CH3OH) Cl2
) (1) has been synthesized by using
a nonlinear optically active Zwitterionic Schiff base which is 4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)
amino) benzoic acid (H2L). Complex 1 has been structurally analyzed by FTIR and UV spectroscopy,
TGA, Powder-XRD and single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-Ray crystallographic studies revealed Zn(II)
complex crystallizes in a P21/c space group and exists in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry
(τ = 0.68).
What evidence is there for water on mars 2009Awad Albalwi
Historical background and definition.
evidence(1) - sulphate salt .
evidence(2) - Sheet of water ice
evidence(3) – New deposits in craters
evidence(4) - Water-ice clouds
evidence(5) - Vapour water over the polar cap
Evidence (6)- Water vapour over the four big volcanoes
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry -Part 6Awad Albalwi
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry Part 6
Strong Acid and Base Titrations, Weak Acid and Strong Base Titration, Strong Acid and Weak Base Titrations ,Precipitation
Percentage calculation
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry -Part 6Awad Albalwi
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry Part 6
Strong Acid and Base Titrations .Weak Acid and Strong Base Titration ,Strong Acid and Weak Base Titrations ,Precipitation
Percentage calculation
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry -Part 5Awad Albalwi
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry
Part 5
Strong Acids and Bases
Ph theory
Weak Acids and Weak Bases
Salts of Weak Acids and Bases theory
A buffer solution theory
POLYPROTIC ACID IONIZATION
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry -Part 3 Awad Albalwi
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry
Part 3
reaction rate
equilibrium constant
The common ion effect
Activity and Activity Coefficients
The Diverse Ion Effect Theory
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry Part 2Awad Albalwi
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry
Part 2
Accuracy
Precision
Propagation of Error
Confidence Limits
F-Test Values
Student’s t-test
Paired Sample t-test
Q test
Least Squares Method
correlation coefficient
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry Part 1Awad Albalwi
Application of Statistical and mathematical equations in Chemistry
Part 1
Equivalent Weight
Moles
Molarity
Normality
Percent Concentration
ppt, ppm, ppb for Solid &liquid Samples
Concentration in (mequiv/L)
Density