Electrical vehicle

1. Presented by:
R.Rajasarma,Final year EEE
Gnanamani College of Engineering

2. ELECTRIC VEHICLES
An electric car is an alternative fuel automobile that uses
Electric motors and motor controllers for propulsion, in place of
more common propulsion methods such as the internal combustion
engine (ICE).
Electricity can be used as a transportation fuel to power battery
electric vehicles (EVs).
Battery electric vehicles, or BEVs, use electricity stored in a
battery pack to power an electric motor and turn the wheels.
When depleted, the batteries are recharged using grid electricity,
either from a wall socket or a dedicated charging unit.
 The amount of pollution produced depends on how the electricity is
made.

3. PARTS OF ELECTRICAL VEHICLES:
MOTOR
BATTERY
INVETER
CHARGING UNIT
BATTERY MONITERING SYSTEM(BMS)
THERMAL SYSTEM(cooling)

4. Electrical car
Electrical Bick

5. MOTOR
Usually, direct current (DC) electricity is fed into a DC/AC inverter where it is converted
to alternating current (AC) electricity and this AC electricity is connected to a 3-phase AC
motor.
In some cases, universal motors are used, and then AC or DC may be employed. In recent
production vehicles. various motor types have been implemented, for instance: Induction
motors within Tesla Motor vehicles and permanent magnet machines.

6.  The BLDC motor has a permanent-magnet rotor surrounded by a
wound stator. The winding in the stator get commutated electronically.
This makes the BLDC motor:
Able to respond faster and at higher operating speeds,
Simpler to control in regard to speed control and reversing,
Able to self-start.
 The composition of the BLDC motor also keeps the machinery
inside a vehicle cooler and thermally resistant. Plus, because the motor
is brushless, there is no dangerous brush sparking.

7. BATTERY
Electrical vehicle are used for two types of Battery:
 Li-ion Battery
 Led-acid Battery
Lead acid batteries used, until recently.
A weak link in the electric cars. Heavy, Bulky, limited capacity
(12 – 15 kilowatt hours), slow charging rate, short life and expensive.
NiMH batteries give double the range and last 10 years, but expensive.
Lithium ion batteries likely to be used if their prices can be made
competitive with lead acid batteries.
It have used battery can connect the series in to Improve the Speed
of Motor Parallel connect to improve AH value.

8. INVETER
A power inverter, or inverter, is a power electronic device or
circuitry that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current
(AC).
The input voltage, output voltage and frequency, and
overall power handling depend on the design of the specific
device or circuitry.
The inverter can change the speed at which the motor rotates by
adjusting the frequency of the alternating current.
It has Perform to reverse operation of Motor is act as Alternator
Inviter is act as Rectifier in Electrical car.

9. BATTERY MONITERING SYSTEM:
A battery management system (BMS) is any electronic system that manages
a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting
the battery from operating outside its safe operating area, monitoring its state,
calculating secondary data, reporting that data, controlling its environment,
authenticating it .
There are also secondary functions that the BMS performs: Balances all the
cells in the battery pack by intelligently bleeding off excess energy from cells
that are charged more than others.
Monitors the temperature of the battery pack and controls a battery fan to
regulate the temperature of the pack.

12. Cheaper to run. Owners of an EV have the advantage of
much lower running costs. ...
Cheaper to maintain. ...
Other savings. ...
Better for the environment.
Health benefits. ...
Safety improvements. ...
Our energy security.
ADVANTAGES

13. PROCESS: