The document summarizes major periods and events in ancient Egyptian history:
1) The Old Kingdom collapsed due to civil wars, famines from drought, and overtaxation of resources to fund massive building projects. This led to the First Intermediate Period of division and instability.
2) The Middle Kingdom saw the rise of Thebes and more accessible pharaohs who expanded trade and irrigation. The Second Intermediate Period was marked by Asian invasions and the rule of Hyksos in Lower Egypt.
3) The New Kingdom reunified Egypt and expanded its territories under militaristic rulers like Hatshepsut, who rebuilt trade networks, and Ramses II, who fought the Battle
Thirty Centuries of History: from Menes to Cleopatra
When people think of ancient Egypt, they think perhaps of pyramids or pharaohs, or of names like Nofretete* or Tutankhamun*, or most likely of the river Nile. Apart from the name Nile all other words and names refer to a period of time which began about 5000 years ago. The time of the history of the kings (pharaohs) in Egypt covers a period of about 3000 years, longer than any other civilisation in world history.
Thirty Centuries of History: from Menes to Cleopatra
When people think of ancient Egypt, they think perhaps of pyramids or pharaohs, or of names like Nofretete* or Tutankhamun*, or most likely of the river Nile. Apart from the name Nile all other words and names refer to a period of time which began about 5000 years ago. The time of the history of the kings (pharaohs) in Egypt covers a period of about 3000 years, longer than any other civilisation in world history.
This class discusses the Intermediate period where Egypt was in turmoil and had weak central rule and instead the power was in the hands of the Nomarchs. Nomarchs were the leaders of the forty two regions (nomes) that made up Egypt. We also discuss when did the Intermediate period actually stop and the Middle Kingdom begin.
Discussion of difficulties in establishing dates in History especially in Civilizations before BC. The date we are trying to pin down is the date for the Exodus by Mosses and the Israelite's from Egypt. Part two of the lecture we will show and discuss the beautiful artwork of the New Kingdom.
Article first published in Buzzle, American Chronicle, and AfroArticles on 21 October 2007
An introduction into the pre-history of a Western European legend, which only later was extrapolated and associated with Eastern Africa; the legendary 'kingdom of Prester John' has nothing to do with Amhara and Tigray Abyssinians.
This class discusses the Intermediate period where Egypt was in turmoil and had weak central rule and instead the power was in the hands of the Nomarchs. Nomarchs were the leaders of the forty two regions (nomes) that made up Egypt. We also discuss when did the Intermediate period actually stop and the Middle Kingdom begin.
Discussion of difficulties in establishing dates in History especially in Civilizations before BC. The date we are trying to pin down is the date for the Exodus by Mosses and the Israelite's from Egypt. Part two of the lecture we will show and discuss the beautiful artwork of the New Kingdom.
Article first published in Buzzle, American Chronicle, and AfroArticles on 21 October 2007
An introduction into the pre-history of a Western European legend, which only later was extrapolated and associated with Eastern Africa; the legendary 'kingdom of Prester John' has nothing to do with Amhara and Tigray Abyssinians.
For almost 30 centuries—from its unification around 3100 B.C. to.docxkeugene1
For almost 30 centuries—from its unification around 3100 B.C. to its conquest by Alexander the Great in 332 B.C.—ancient Egypt was the preeminent civilization in the Mediterranean world.
Egypt’s majesty has long entranced archaeologists and historians and created a vibrant field of study all its own: Egyptology.
The main sources of information about ancient Egypt are the many monuments, objects and artifacts that have been recovered from archaeological sites, covered with hieroglyphs that have only recently been deciphered. The picture that emerges is of a culture with few equals in the beauty of its art, the accomplishment of its architecture or the richness of its religious traditions.
PREDYNASTIC PERIOD (C. 5000-3100 B.C.)
Encompassed at least 2,000 years of gradual development of the Egyptian civilization. This took place in the late Stone Age/Neolithic period.
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Neolithic (late Stone Age) communities in northeastern Africa exchanged hunting for agriculture and made early advances that paved the way for the later development of Egyptian arts and crafts, technology, politics and religion (including a great reverence for the dead and possibly a belief in life after death).
Mesopotamia also believe in this religion
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Around 3400 B.C., two separate kingdoms were established: the Red Land to the north, based in the Nile River Delta and extending along the Nile perhaps to Atfih; and the White Land in the south, stretching from Atfih to Gebel es-Silsila.
King Menes would subdue the north and unify the country, becoming the first king of the first dynasty.
ARCHAIC (EARLY DYNASTIC) PERIOD (C. 3100-2686 B.C.)
The Archaic Period saw the development of the foundations of Egyptian society, including the all-important ideology of kingship. To the ancient Egyptians, the king was a godlike being, closely identified with the all-powerful god Horus. The earliest known hieroglyphic writing also dates to this period.
In the Archaic Period, as in all other periods, most ancient Egyptians were farmers living in small villages, and agriculture (largely wheat and barley) formed the economic base of the Egyptian state. The annual flooding of the great Nile River provided the necessary irrigation and fertilization each year; farmers sowed the wheat after the flooding receded and harvested it before the season of high temperatures and drought returned.
OLD KINGDOM: AGE OF THE PYRAMID BUILDERS (C. 2686-2181 B.C.)
The Old Kingdom began with the third dynasty of pharaohs. Around 2630 B.C., the third dynasty’s King Djoser asked Imhotep, an architect, priest and healer, to design a funerary monument for him; the result was the world’s first major stone building, the Step-Pyramid at Saqqara, near Memphis.
Pyramid-building reached its zenith with the construction of the Great Pyramid at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo. Built for Khufu, who ruled from 2589 to 2566 B.C. Two other pyramids were built at Giza for Khufu’s successors K.
Without the Nile, the rise of Egypt as one of the oldest civilization would not be possible. Travellers to Egypt would be surprise to find the desert is never very far from the Nile. The predictable cycle of flooding of the Nile was a blessing, a major factor to enable civilization to put down its roots in Egypt.
This presentation can only give you a briefest of all introductions. It touches upon the deep rooted origin of the Egyptian civilization, it sketches all the important monuments and marks major turning points in their history for its 3000 years of existence. After centuries later, its people disappeared. It civilization forgotten. Though the ruins of their monument and in particular their writing, we began to rediscover their world again, their people, their culture, their religion and their history. We know a lot about their ancient Egypt, perhaps more than others civilization of the time, because they left us with a lot of records in writing. What we have found are fascinations, a human ascend in our long journey to civilization
Discussion of Burial Traditions in the Middle Kingdom. The spread of the believe in the After Life to everyone in Egypt. Pyramid text which are instructions on how to bet into the After Life in the Old Kingdom were written on Pyramid Walls in the Middle Kingdom they become Coffin Text because they are written on insides of coffins.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
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During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...
Egypt test review part2
1. EGYPT-Study Guidepart 2de Beaufort<br />COLLAPSE OF THE OLD KINGDOM<br />After the reigns of Userkaf and Sahure, civil wars arose as the powerful nomarchs (regional governors) no longer belonged to the royal family. The worsening civil conflict undermined unity and energetic government and also caused famines. Additionally, massive building projects of the Fourth Dynasty had exceeded the capacity of the treasury and populace. The final blow was a severe drought in the region that resulted in a drastic drop in precipitation between 2200 and 2150 BCE, which in turn prevented the normal flooding of the Nile The result was the collapse of the Old Kingdom followed by decades of famine and strife.<br /> An important inscription on the tomb of Ankhtifi, a nomarch during the early First Intermediate Period, describes the pitiful state of the country when famine stalked the land.<br />quot;
The whole of Upper Egypt died of hunger and each individual had reached such a state of hunger that he ate his own children. But I refused to see anyone die of hunger and gave to the north grain of Upper Egypt. And I do not think that anything like this has been done by the provincial governors who came before me....I brought life to the provinces of Hierakonpolis and Edfu, Elephantine and Ombos!quot;
<br />FIRST INTERMEDIATE PERIOD<br />The First Intermediate Period, often described as a “dark period” in ancient Egyptian history, spanned approximately one hundred years after the end of the Old Kingdom from ca. 2181-2055 BCE. The end of the First Intermediate Period is placed at the time when Mentuhotep II of the eleventh dynasty defeats the kings of Lower Egypt and reunites Egypt under a single ruler. This act helps usher in a period of great wealth and prosperity, known as the Middle Kingdom.<br />MIDDLE KINGDOM<br />Thebes of Upper Egypt rises in prominence<br />Pharaohs made fewer claims to divinity, more “approachable” than past pharaohs and less despotic<br />Increased efficiency<br />Expanded irrigation systems<br />Stockpiled granaries<br />Expanded overseas trade<br />Secured Egypt’s borders<br />Effectiveness of leadership still relied on personal attributes<br />Also no more Pyramids<br />Statue head of Senusret III<br />Unprecedented realism-heavy eyes and brooding expression<br />Large ears in other works show a king who is “listening to the people”<br />Beni Hasan<br />There are 39 ancient tombs here of Middle Kingdom nomarchs<br />Two distinct cemeteries here: the upper range and the lower necropolis- each associated with the different levels of resources available to the deceased.<br />SECOND INTERMEDIATE PERIOD<br />Succession disputes erupted<br />Thousands of Asians (Hyksos) invaded Lower Egypt<br />Divided again into Upper and Lower Egypt<br />Lower Egypt under traditional pharaohs<br />Upper Egypt under Hyksos<br />Hyksos introduced new technology :<br />Bronze<br />Horse-drawn chariots<br />New weapons<br />NEW KINGDOM<br />Ahmose the Liberator created militaristic state<br />Egypt attempts to create a buffer between the Levant and Egypt, and attained its greatest territorial extent. They also expanded far south into Nubia and hold wide territories in the Near East where Egyptian armies fought Hittite armies for control of modern-day Syria.<br />Hatshepsut 1473-1458 BCE<br />From Regent for Thutmose III (too young) to Pharaoh.<br />Thutmose III never forgave.<br />“Foremost of Noble Ladies” was the fifth pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Ancient Egypt. She is generally regarded by Egyptologists as one of the most successful pharaohs. <br />Punt<br />Hatshepsut re-established the trade networks that had been disrupted during the Hyksos occupation of Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period and oversaw the preparations and funding for a mission to the Land of Punt. Egyptians returned from the voyage bearing thirty-one live myrrh trees, the roots of which were carefully kept in baskets for the duration of the voyage. This was the first recorded attempt to transplant foreign trees. It is reported that Hatshepsut had these trees planted in the courts of her Deir el Bahri mortuary temple complex. <br />She had the expedition commemorated in relief at Deir el-Bahri, which also is famous for its realistic depiction of the Queen of the Land of Punt, Queen Iti, who appears to have had a genetic trait called steatopygia. <br />Morturary Temple<br />Designed by Senemut (possible lover), the building is an example of perfect symmetry that predates the Parthenon, and it was the first complex built on the site she chose, which would become the Valley of the Kings. Hatshepsut was one of the most prolific builders in ancient Egypt, commissioning hundreds of construction projects throughout both Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt, that were grander and more numerous than those of any of her Middle Kingdom predecessors. Later pharaohs attempted to claim some of her projects as theirs.<br />Pharaoh as Woman/Man<br />To deal with the problem of being a female king, she emphasized that she was daughter of Thutmose I. She also traced her lineage to Mut, a primal mother goddess of the Egyptian pantheon, which gave her another ancestor who was a deity as well as her father and grandfathers.<br />While Hatshepsut was depicted in official art wearing regalia of a pharaoh, such as the false beard that male pharaohs also wore, it is most unlikely that she ever wore such ceremonial decorations, just as it is unlikely that the male pharaohs did. Statues depicting her seated wearing a tight-fitting dress and the nemes crown, are thought to be a more accurate representation of how she would have presented herself at court.<br />Erased by Thutmose III<br />Toward the end of the reign of Thutmose III and into the reign of his son, an attempt was made to remove Hatshepsut from certain historical and pharaonic records. This elimination was carried out in the most literal way possible. Her cartouches and images were chiselled off some stone walls, leaving very obvious Hatshepsut-shaped gaps in the artwork.<br />Ramses II1279 BC – 1213 BC<br />Warrior pharaoh <br />He is often regarded as the greatest, most celebrated, and most powerful pharaoh <br />66 year rule, very tall (for Egyptian), lived to age 90<br />Ramses II was also famed for the huge number of children he sired by his various wives and concubines; the tomb he built for his sons, many of whom he outlived, in the Valley of the Kings has proven to be the largest funerary complex in Egypt.<br />The Battle of Kadesh.<br />Rameses sought to recover territories in the Levant that had been held by the 18th Dynasty. His campaigns of reconquest culminated in the Battle of Kadesh, where he led Egyptian armies against those of the Hittite king Muwatalli II and was caught in history's first recorded military ambush but Ramses was able to rally his troops and turn the tide of battle against the Hittites thanks to the arrival of the re-enforcements The outcome of the battle was undecided with both sides claiming victory at their home front, ultimately resulting in a peace treaty between the two nations.<br />Abu Simbel<br />Ramses x 4<br />65 feet high<br />Queen Nefertari at his feet<br />Commemorate battle of Kadesh and intimidate the Nubians<br />Interior Temple<br />Ramses as Osiris<br />1st day of summer rays of light enter the deepest part of the tomb<br />Atlantid: Male statue used as a column<br />No load-bearing function, 32 feet tall<br />New Kingdom Pylon Temples<br />Pylon=gateway<br />Karnak, Temple of Amen Re<br />Tomb of Nebamun<br />Nebamun: scribe and counter of grain<br />Recreation in eternal afterlife<br />Fresco Secco: dry fresco wet pant on a dry surface<br />Musicians and Dancers<br />Funeral banquet<br />Profile view=lesser status<br />Composite view=power<br />Frontal view=rare<br />Nude Belly dancers: sensual: meaning?<br />Fertility, Rebirth and regeneration<br />Conquest of death<br />Amarna Period<br />During the New Kingdom the priesthood of Amen had become more powerful than the Pharaoh<br />Monotheism: Aton the sun God represented as a sun disk not human or animal form<br />Akhenaton forms new religious order, he is the sun and sole prophet of God <br />Changes in politics were reflected by changes in artistic style<br />One of the best-known 18th Dynasty pharaohs is Amenhotep IV, who changed his name to Akhenaten in honor of the Aten and whose exclusive worship of the Aten is often interpreted as history's first instance of monotheism. Akhenaten's religious fervor is cited as the reason why he was subsequently written out of Egyptian history. Under his reign, in the 14th century BC, Egyptian art flourished and attained an unprecedented level of realism.<br />Towards the end of the 18th Dynasty, the situation had changed radically. Aided by Akhenaten's apparent lack of interest in international affairs, the Hittites had gradually extended their influence into Phoenicia and Canaan to become a major power in international politics—a power that both Seti I and his son Ramses II would need to deal with during the 19th dynasty.<br />[edit]Nineteenth Dynasty<br />Ramses was the pharaoh most responsible for erasing the Amarna Period from history He, more than any other pharaoh, sought deliberately to deface the Amarna monuments and change the nature of the religious structure and the structure of the priesthood, in order to try to bring it back to where it had been prior to the reign of Akhenaten<br />Akenaten<br />Formerly Amenhotep IV<br />Starts new religion with ONE god<br />Moves capital to Amarna, builds brand new city (Akhetaten)<br />ART<br />Androgynous: (having male and female qualities)<br />Sexless sun disk-a manifestation of ATON OR a product of geneology?<br />Frontal pose, Curving contours<br />Long face, full lips, heavy eyelids, dreamy expression<br />Misshapen body, Narrow waist, Protruding belly, Wide hips, fat thighs<br />Unusual familial intimacy<br />LATE PERIOD<br />(1070 BC-30 BC)<br />A period of political weakness<br />Attacks from Nubians to south (controlled Egypt during 8th Century BC<br />Invasions by Assyrians and Persians<br />Alexander the Great takes over Egypt in 332 BC—rule by Ptolemy I and his successors<br />Roman conquest in 30 BC<br />