2. 4
Listening Skills
LEARNING OUTCOMES
By the end of this Presentation, you should be
able to:
1. Explain the four approaches to listening;
2. Describe the four purposes of listening;
3. Explain the four stages of the listening process;
4. Describe the obstacles to listening;
5. Explain the five techniques for emphatic
listening;
6. Explain how to control listeners; and
7. Discuss the two major traps for listeners.
3. 4.1 Apakahyang Dimaksudkan dengan Mendengar?
1. PendekatanMendengar Mendengar sebagai
Tingkah Laku
2. TujuanMendengar
3. Tindakan yang Diperlukan bagi
MendengarSecaraBerkesan
4.2 Peringkat Pendengaran
1. Halangan Mendengar
2. Andaian Kurang Tepat Mengenai Mendengar
Mendengar Secara Empati
3. Mengawal Pendengar
4. Ciri-ciri Perancangan yang Baik
Topik4 - KemahiranMendengar
4. COMMUNICATION has
Various parts which could be
effective with a view of
improving the productivity and
effectiveness of interaction.
5. I did not create the jinn and humans except
to worship Me. "
(QS. Az-Zariyat 51: Ayat 56)
َ
سْن ِ ْ
ْل اَو َّن ِجْلا ُتْقَلَخ اَمَو
ِن ُْودُبْعَيِل َّ
ِْلا
11. L = Look interested. Get interested
I = Involve yourself by responding
S = Stay on target
T = Test your understanding
E = Evaluate the message
N = Neutralise your feelings
19. And while we are still alive with
healthy brain, muscles & heart we
will continue thinking, feeling &
moving until we stop living when
we die.
The more alive we
are the more
ACCOUNTABLE
we are for what we
say, think or do.
20.
21. LISTENING
And Its Role In Clarifying
Communication
The effective listening
helps
Interpreting message that
has been conveyed by
other person.
The effective listening is
not only a task restricted
to focus of words but it
also involves reading the
gestures, facial
expression and tone of
23. Listening serves at least four primary purposes in
our lives. One reason we listen is to acquire
information. Another is for the purpose of
evaluating and screening information
Purposes of
Listening
24. Memperoleh maklumat yang diperlukan
Menilai dan menapis maklumat
Mendengar sebagai rekreasi
Mendengar satu keperluan tuntutan sosial
25. LISTENING SKILLS
Berikan contoh bahawa komunikasi yang baik
berakhir dengan kejayaan dalam hidup.
Give an example that good communication ends in
success in life.
26. Listening Skills & Stratigies, mockups, role play,
in-house programs, lectures, group guidance,
theory and practices, learning approach
Workplace, laboratories, counselling rooms,
training rooms,
HOW?
WHAT?
WHO?
WHERE?
WHEN?
For counsellors, therapist, social workers,
Families, employees / employers etc.
Listening and communication
Any time needed
27. L = Look interested. Get interested
I = Involve yourself by responding
S = Stay on target
T = Test your understanding
E = Evaluate the message
N = Neutralise your feelings
28. (a)Listening is Easy
(b)It’s Just a Matter of Intelligence
(c)Listening Requires No Planning
(d)Read Better, Listen Better
Misconceptions about
Listening
29. Barriers to Listening
Physiological Barriers
Personal Problems
Cultural Differences
Prejudices
Connotative Meanings
Poor Listening Habits
On an average, personnel at all levels spend
about 32.7 per cent of their time listening
while speaking takes up 25.8 per cent of
their time and writing 22.6 per cent.
33. Mendengar sebagai Tingkah Laku
Contoh:
(a)kita mendengar daripada orang di
tempat yang lazim berbanding tidak
lazim;
(b)Kepada orang yang kita betul-betul
kenal berbanding dengan orang yang
kita baru kenal; dan
(c)Dalam situasi kumpulan berbanding
situasi satu dengan satu
34. Does listening involve verbal behavior?
Even Skinner noted that the behavior of the
listener often goes beyond simply mediating /
facilitating / reconciling consequences for the
speaker's behavior, implying that the listener
engages in a selection of behaviors that is itself
verbal.
Adakah mendengar melibatkan tingkah laku
lisan?Malah Skinner menyatakan bahawa tingkah
laku pendengar selalunya melampaui sekadar
perantara akibat untuk tingkah laku penutur,
membayangkan bahawa pendengar terlibat dalam
memilih himpunan tingkah laku yang secara lisan itu
sendiri.
37. Listen With Your Eyes,
Ears, Tounge, Skin, & Nose
Listen With Your Intuition
38. LISTENING
STATUS
(Awareness of Role, Behaviour
and Integrity of a Genuine
Person)
LISTENING POTENTIALS
(Awareneess of Choice &
Use Of Listening Skills)
SELF-CONTROL SYSTEM
(Awareness of Emotion
and Limitations)
ACTION
(Awareness of Choice
and express it verbal and non-verbal gestures)
39. Hadist ke 2
َّسال ِعِبْتَأ َو َتْنُك اَمُثْيَح َ َّ
اَّلل ِقَّتا
َو اَهُحْمَت َةَنَسَحْال َةَئِي
ِقِلَاخ
ٍنَسَح ٍقُلُخِب َاسَّنال
Artinya: “Bertakwalah kepada Allah di
mana saja engkau berada. Ikutilah
kejelekan dengan kebaikan niscaya ia
akan menghapuskan kejelekan tersebut
dan berakhlaklah dengan manusia
dengan akhlak yang baik.” [HR.
Tirmidzi no. 1987 dan Ahmad 5/153].
40. Penjelasan: Sama seperti hadist pertama di atas,
taqwa lebih penting dari akhlak dalam satu sisi. Lalu,
jika kita melakukan suatu kesalahan atau dosa, maka
jika kita mengikutinya dengan melakukan amalan
baik maka kesalahan tersebut akan di hapuskan oleh
ALLAH Azza wa jalla, tapi syaratnya bukan kesalahan
atau dosa yang besar, karena kalau kita melakukan
dosa besar harus dengan taubatan nashuha.
Di bagian akhir hadist ini memerintahkan kita untuk
bergaul dengan manusia dan memperlakukan orang
lain dengan akhlak yang baik, di bawah akan kami
tuliskan apa saja akhlak yang baikmenurut islam,
41. Hadist Tentang Akhlak ke 8
ْنَع اَمُهْنَع ُ َّ
اَّلل َي ِ
ضَر و ٍ
رْمَع ِْنب ِ َّ
اَّلل ِدْبَع ْنَع
َو ِهْيَلَع ُ َّ
اَّلل ىَّلَص ِيِبَّنال
َلاَق َمَّلَس
ِهِدَي َو ِهِناَسِل ْنِم َونُمِلْسُمْال َمِلَس ْنَم ُمِلْسُمْال
َع ُ َّ
اَّلل ىَهَن اَم َرَََِ ْنَم ُر ِِاَهُمْال َو
ُهْن
Artinya: “Orang muslim yang baik adalah yang
muslim lainnya aman dari gangguan ucapan dan
tangannya, dan orang yang hijrah (termasuk
kelompok muhajirin) adalah yang meninggalkan apa-
apa yang dilarang Allah.” [HR. Bukhari]
Penjelasan: Seorang yang mempunyai akhlak mulia
maka akan menjaga tangan dan lisannya dari
menyakiti dan menganggu orang lain, maka jika kita
masih sering menggibah, berkata bohong dan adu
domba maka itu cerminan dari buruknya akhlak kita.
63. What are the signs that a person is
not listening?
The listener may get distracted or
may not want to hear what is being
said. The listener withdraws his
attention and starts daydreaming.
2. Faking Attention or ‘Pseudo
listening” Often people who are not
actually listening and are thinking
about something else deliberately try
to look as though they were
listening.
64.
65. I hear only what I want hear
I can be bothered
71. 4.1.1 Approaches to Listening
(a) Discriminative Listening
Discriminative listening
involves an attempt to
distinguish one sound from
all the others. we also
learn to identify vocal cues
such as tone of voice,
volume, pitch and rate, all
of which contribute to the
total meaning of a
message.
72.
73. 4.1.1 Approaches to Listening
Comprehensive Listening
A person trying to understand a speaker’s
message in totality, to interpret the meaning as
precisely as possible, is engaged in
comprehensive listening.
74. This kind of listening is generally practised
in the classroom when we must remember
what we have heard in a lecture and rely
upon it for future use.
Comprehensive / Active Listening
75. 4.1.1 Approaches to Listening :
(c)Critical / Analytical Listening
When a person wants to
select through what he has
heard and come to a decision,
he must listen critically.
This involves judging the clarity,
accuracy and reliability of the
evidence that is presented and
being alert to the effects of
emotional appeals.
76.
77.
78. HEARING vs LISTENING
Hearing is an
involuntary, physical
& biological act.
There is no under-
standing or appro-
priate response
Listening is a
conscious act.
Listening involves,
hearing, receiving,
comprehending &
responding appro-
privately.
84. (a) Sensing
Concentrating your mind on hearing what is
said. Use eye contact, focus. Attend to the
person talking. As you hear the words said,
also start reading the body
language. Listen for tone and
intonation.
(b) Understanding
It refers to the processing and interpreting of
the message and thinking of what is
being said from the standpoint of
the communicator.
85. (c) Evaluating
Classify what you are hearing.
Analyse the implications, the
applications, benefit or damage
of the information.
(d) Responding
Acting on the message. After
evaluating, Respond based on
your understanding.
100. All Or Nothing
Thinking
(Black and White Catogaries)
Magnification
(magnify others
Acheivement)
Minimization
(minimize own
achievement)
Mental Filter
(picks negative detail &
dwell on it)
Jumping to Conclusions
(Make negative interpretation,
althought no negative facts
available)
Mind
Reading,
Fortune Teller
Error
Emotional
Reasoning
(Negative events
reflect way things are)
Disqualify the positive
(Reject positive events)
Overgeneralization
(Negative event as never
ending pattern of defeat)
Should / Must
Statements
(Negative event as
never ending pattern of
defeat
Personalization
(Sees self as cause of
negative event
although not primarily
responsible for it)
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106. Advocacy: Persuade a client of the
benefits of the behavior
Education: Provide specific information
Counseling: Assist client in making an
informed decision
regarding his / her issue
7
Types of Counseling Communication:
107. • Message
• Source
• Channel
• Receiver
• Effect
• Feedback
8
Key Elements of
Communication Process:
110. Effective counseling
communication requires:
11
The sender to:
• Know the subject well.
• Be interested in the subject.
• Know the audience members and
establish a rapport with them.
• Speak at the level of the receiver.
