This document discusses replacing cement with metakaolin in concrete. Metakaolin is a pozzolanic material extracted from kaolin clay that can replace 8-20% of cement by weight. The author designed an investigation to study concrete mixtures with metakaolin replacing cement at levels of 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20%. The mixtures were tested for physical and chemical properties. Literature showed that metakaolin improves concrete strength, durability, and permeability. The materials used, mix design, and preliminary mixtures are presented.

1. REPLACEMENT
OF CEMENT
WITH
METAKAOLIN
IN CONCRETE

2. INTRODUCTION
 Metakaolin is a byproduct and it is extracted from calculation of pure clay
kaolinite mineral.
 Metakaolin is available in many different varieties and qualities.
 The purity will define the binding capacity or free lime.
 Some of them also provide special reactivity.
 Metakaolin is a valuable admixture for concrete and or cement applications.
 Usually 8% - 20% (by weight) of Portland cement replaced by metakaolin.
 Pozzolaic reaction starts between 7 to 28 days.

3.  For the preliminary investigation, metakaolin and
cement was subjected to physical and Chemical
analyses to determine whether they are in compliance
with the standard use.
 The project was designed to investigate metakaolin
as a partial replacement with cement was done at
8%, 12%, 16% , 20%.
 The specimen was casted with M30 grade of concrete

4. ABSTRACT
 Cement concrete is the most used construction material.
 Maintenance and repair of Concrete structures is a growing problem.
 It has been made possible to process the material to satisfy more performance
requirements, especially Long–term durability
 HPC is the latest development in concrete.
 It has become very popular and is being used.
 When using HPC, the addition of supplementary materials in cement has
dramatically increased along with the development of concrete industry, due
to the consideration of cost saving, energy saving, environmental concerns both
in Terms of damage caused by the extraction of raw materials and carbon
dioxide emission during cement Manufacture have brought pressures to
reduce cement consumption.

5.  Metakaolin looks to be a promising Supplementary cementitious
material for high performance concrete because of its properties.
 A possible lower cost, due to large availability in our Country
itself can be advantageous to metakaolin usage in HPC.
 The possible substitution of metakaolin is 5%, 10%, 15% , 20% by
the weight of cement.
 To find the suitable proportion we need to cast cubes and
cylinders to check the gain in strength at different age of concrete
along with other properties like setting time.

6. LITERATURE REVIEW
 The increase in the strength was similar to that of the Silica fumes –
modified concrete.
 The incorporation of the both MK and SF in concrete can reduce the free
drying the free drying shrinkage and restrained shrinkage cracking width.
 The initial cracking appeared earlier in the SF and MK- in concrete can
reduce the chloride diffusion rate significantly, with the SF concrete
performing somewhat better.
 The inclusion of metakaolin results in faster early age strength development
of concrete
What we learnt from Literature?

7. MATERIALS USED
 Cement: OPC of 53 Grade confirming to IS:12269-1987 was used in the
investigation. The specific gravity of cement was 3.10
 Coarse Aggregate: Crushed stone metal with a maximum size of 20 mm
from a local source having the specific gravity of 2.7 conforming IS383-
1970 was used.
 Fine Aggregate: Locally available river sand passing through 4.75mm IS
sieve conforming to grading zone-II of IS383-1970 was used. The specific
gravity of fine aggregate was 2.54.

8. Meta kaolin:
 Meta kaolin is not a by-product. I t is obtained by the
calcinations of pure or refined Kaolinite clay at a
 Temperature between 6500 C and 8500 C, followed by
grinding to achieve a finesse of 700-900 m2/kg .
 It is a high quality Pozzolaic material, which is blended
with cement in order to improve the durability of

9.  When Used in concrete it will fill the void space between cement
particles resulting in a more impermeable concrete.
 Meta kaolin, is a relatively new material in the concrete industry,
is effective in increasing strength, Reducing sulphate attack and
improving air-void network.

10. Chemical composition:

11. MIX DESIGN
 Grade Designation M30
 Type of Cement OPC 53 Grade
 Type of Admixture Metakaolin
 Maximum Aggregate Size 20mm
 Minimum Cement Content 320Kg/𝑚3
 Exposure Conduction Sever
 Maximum Cement Content 450Kg/𝑚3

12.  Specific gravity of coarse
aggregate
2.74
 Specific gravity of fine aggregate 2.74
 Cement 3.15
 FA zone 2
Step-1
Target mean strength f’ck =fck+1.65 σ
=30+1.65 x 5
=38.25N/𝑚𝑚2
w/c = 0.45

13. • Take workability =100mm
• For 20mm aggregate maximum w/c content =186
186+6/100x186
=197.16
w/c=0.95
197/c=0.45
cement=987kg
320<437>450
hence ok.

14. • From table 3 : is10262-2019
Vca=0.62Va
Va =Vca+Vfa
Vfa=0.38Va
volume of concrete =1m3
Volume of cement = Weight /specific gravity x1/1000
= 437/3.15x1/100
=0.138
Volume of water=197/1x1/1000
=0.197

15. Volume of aggregate =1-(0.138+0.197)
=0.665
Mass of coarse aggregate =0.62 x Va x Sp x 1000
=1129kg
Mass of fine aggregate =0.38 x Va xSp x 1000
=692.4kg
cement = 437kg
CA = 1129kg
FA = 629.4kg
water = 197.16lit

16. Materials 0% 0f
Admixture
8% 0f
Admixture
12% 0f
Admixture
16% 0f
Admixture
20% 0f
Admixture
Cement(K.G) 437 402.04 389.56 367.08 348.6
C.A(K.G) 1129 1129 1129 1129 1129
F.A(K.G) 629.4 629.4 629.4 629.4 629.4
Metakolen
(K.G)
0 34.96 52.44 69.92 87.4
Water(lt) 197.16 197.16 197.16 197.16 197.16

17. To Be Continued…….,,